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Sokongan francaisor, kompetensi pengurusan, teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi, kepercayaan dan prestasi francaisi di Malaysia
Get PDFFranchising is one of the keys to worldwide entrepreneurial growth strategy. However, the system faces challenges in sustaining performance, especially for newly established brands. After several years of operation, too many registered franchises have become inactive in Malaysia. This scenario is due to the franchisee’s failure to meet the franchisor’s performance standards. Hence, this research aims to identify factors that influence the performance of franchisees in Malaysia. To achieve the objective, a conceptual model based on the Resource-Based View Theory and the Social Exchange Theory was proposed to explain frthe relationships between variables in this research. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed by mail to franchisees in Malaysia. There were only 97 usable responses obtained and used for data analysis. The data were analysed using a combination of descriptive and inferential statistics using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) or SmartPLS3. The results reveal that seven hypotheses are significant, which supports the findings. The findings show significant relationships between managerial competencies, trust, franchisor support and franchisee performance. However, the benefits of information and communication technology, as well as franchisee performance, were not significant. Additionally, this study found a significant relationship between managerial competence, benefits of information and communication technology, and franchisor support, but not the relationship between trust and franchisor support. The results also show that franchisor support mediates the relationship between managerial competencies and information and communication technology benefits with franchisee performance, but not on the relationship between trust and franchisees’ performance. Finally, this research also discusses the contributions, limitations and suggestions for future research related to the factors that influence the franchisees’ performance in Malaysi
The moderation of smart industry technology on the relationship between supply chain management practices and competitive advantage in the Dubai Electricity and Water Authority
Get PDFThis research aims to study the relationships between the different practices of supply change management, IR4 technology and smart factor, and competitive advantage in the Water and Electricity Authority in the Emirate of Dubai. This study suggested five independent variables of supply change management, which are aligning flows, integrating functions, coordinating processes, managing resources, and designing complex systems. While the dependent variable is competitive advantage and the moderating variable is the technology and smart factor. The target population in this study is the employees of the Water and Electricity Authority in the Emirate of Dubai, which is estimated at 11,000 employees, and the appropriate sample is 370 employees. Empirically, the final sample in the analysis includes 372 respondents, and the results showed that males represent 62.6%, age group of 36-45 years represents 30.9%, bachelor's degree respondents represent 66.1%, employees represent 53%, and experienced people with more than 12 years represent 31.2%. For the results of the descriptive analysis, it showed a good and very good positive evaluation with an approval rate of more than 70% for all the proposed variables. For the predictive model of competitive advantage, the results showed that the model predicted 58.6% of the variance in competitive advantage based on the five variables of supply change management. Coordinating processes of SCM has the highest impact (path coefficient = 0.461), resource management of SCM (path coefficient = 0.405), then aligning flows of SCM (path coefficient = 0.232), followed by designing complex systems of SCM (path coefficient = 0.227) and finally integrating functions of SCM (path coefficient = 0.113). Regarding the moderating impacts of smart industry technology on the five proposed relationships, the effect on the relationship between designing complex systems and competitive advantage is not statistically significant, while the effect onmthe other four relationships is statistically significant. Future studies can focus on expanding the proposed model by adding other relevant variables, as well as examining other dependent variables other than competitive advantage such as performance continuity
A new conceptual framework of tawhidic based Islamic mobile application for developers (T-iMAD)
Get PDFThere are various mobile applications related to Islamic contents have been developed and available on the shelf. As Islamic content is extremely sensitive, therefore, issues to preserve its holiness are of major concern. Nevertheless, little attention is given on this matter and neither proper framework nor guidelines is available for developers to produce quality Islamic mobile apps. Therefore, this study proposes a new conceptual framework for Islamic mobile apps development based on Tawhidic paradigm. In relation to the Tawhidic paradigm, the framework adapted external and internal aspects from three sources which are Al-Ghazali Model of Human Nature, the essence of seven verses in Surah Al-Fatihah, and four Islamic working ethics: Taqwa, Ihsan, Al-Birr, and Masuliyyah. Through literature reviews and experts interview, a set of criteria and descriptions of Surah Al-Fatihah and the development guidelines were determined; followed by expert reviews to improve the framework. Then, a survey among Islamic developers was carried out to validate the framework. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was utilized for data analysis via SmartPLS. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed to examine the multi-dimensionality of the criteria and to analyze their significance towards the developer intention to use. This study has successfully proposed a new conceptual framework of Tawhidic based Islamic Mobile Application for Developers (T-iMAD). The framework consists of internal and external aspects. The internal aspects are driven by Al-Fatihah: (i) Taqwa – intention, gratitude, sincerity, patience, and trust; and (ii) Ihsan – humility, and pure. Meanwhile, external aspects include engagement, functionality, and information criteria which derived from Al-Birr and Masuliyyah. The results from SEM-PLS show that the evaluated model fits the framework, further validating the framework. The main contribution this study is a framework that serves as a guideline for mobile apps developers in producing quality Islamic mobile apps. This study also provides empirical analysis on the significance of criteria towards developer intention to use
Ontology model for zakat hadith knowledge based on causal relationship, semantic relatedness and suggestion extraction
Get PDFHadith is the second most important source used by all Muslims. However, semantic ambiguity in the hadith raises issues such as misinterpretation, misunderstanding, and misjudgement of the hadith’s content. How to tackle the semantic ambiguity will be focused on this research (RQ). The Zakat hadith data should be expressed semantically by changing the surface-level semantics to a deeper sense of the intended meaning. This can be achieved using an ontology model covering three main aspects (i.e., semantic relationship extraction, causal relationship representation, and suggestion extraction). This study aims to resolve the semantic ambiguity in hadith, particularly in the Zakat topic by proposing a semantic approach to resolve semantic ambiguity, representing causal relationships in the Zakat ontology model, proposing methods to extract suggestion polarity in hadith, and building the ontology model for Zakat topic. The selection of the Zakat topic is based on the survey findings that respondents still lack knowledge and understanding of the Zakat process. Four hadith book types (i.e., Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawud, and Sunan Ibn Majah) that was covering 334 concept words and 247 hadiths were analysed. The Zakat ontology modelling cover three phases which are Preliminary study, source selection and data collection, data pre-processing and analysis, and development and evaluation of ontology models. Domain experts in language, Zakat hadith, and ontology have evaluated the Zakat ontology and identified that 85% of Zakat concept was defined correctly. The Ontology Usability Scale was used to evaluate the final ontology model. An expert in ontology development evaluated the ontology that was developed in Protégé OWL, while 80 respondents evaluated the ontology concepts developed in PHP systems. The evaluation results show that the Zakat ontology has resolved the issue of ambiguity and misunderstanding of the Zakat process in the Zakat hadith. The Zakat ontology model also allows practitioners in Natural language processing (NLP), hadith, and ontology to extract Zakat hadith based on the representation of a reusable formal model, as well as causal relationships and the suggestion polarity of the Zakat hadith
Tahap pelaksanaan amalan 5s dan prestasi jabatan di Majlis Bandaraya Alor Setar
Get PDFMalaysia's municipal system is currently undergoing a transformation of governance toward efficient and competitive in performing its functions in order to improve the quality of service. Alor Setar City Council (MBAS) needs continuous quality improvement and be recognised with a five-star rating according to the criteria by the Ministry of Housing and Local Government. In improving quality efficiency, the 5S concept has been selected to be implemented in MBAS. The motivation of this study was the outcome of previous studies on successful 5S in other service sectors such as healthcare. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the level of implementation of the 5S, ascertain the dimensions of departmental performance which are most affected and identify the profile of departments that could easily and difficult to implement the 5S. Purposive sampling was used to collect the census data. The respondents for this study consisted of 40 top management personnel and professionals representing each 5S zone. They received the questionnaires online and returned them upon completion. The Resource-Based View Theory supported this study by looking at all the resources available in implementing the 5S. The Rasch Winsteps Version 3.81.0 model was used to analyse the data. This study found that the level of 5S implementation is at an excellent level of 94%. The most impressive departmental performance dimensions are quality and productivity. The profiles of departments that are easy and difficult in implementing 5S practices in MBAS are the One Stop Center Division and the Legal Division. The contributions of this study can provide benefits and understanding to the top management that the implementation of 5S impacts the department's performance in terms of quality and productivity and as a reference to other local authorities. This study also prove the findings of previous studies where the implementation of 5S can positively impact the departmental performance
Factors affecting the behavioural intention to adopt online zakat payment by Tabung Haji headquarters staff in Kuala Lumpur
Get PDFDigitalisation transforms traditional zakat payment into varieties of online platforms. Zakat institution has developed an online platform by creating a portal on its website and collaborating with digital partners. This paper examines the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and trust to adopt online zakat payment. The variables are applied following the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) & Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). This study uses a quantitative approach that conducted the distribution of questionnaires. The questionnaire was distributed to employees in Lembaga Tabung Haji Headquarters representing the zakat payer in Kuala Lumpur. Consequently, the data were analysed by using SPSS Statistical program. Findings from this study indicate that all variables are statistically significant with the intention to adopt online zakat payment
Aco-based feature selection algorithm for classification
Get PDFDataset with a small number of records but big number of attributes represents a phenomenon called “curse of dimensionality”. The classification of this type of dataset requires Feature Selection (FS) methods for the extraction of useful information. The modified graph clustering ant colony optimisation (MGCACO) algorithm is an effective FS method that was developed based on grouping the highly correlated features. However, the MGCACO algorithm has three main drawbacks in producing a features subset because of its clustering method, parameter sensitivity, and the final subset determination. An enhanced graph clustering ant colony optimisation (EGCACO) algorithm is proposed to solve the three (3) MGCACO algorithm problems. The proposed improvement includes: (i) an ACO feature clustering method to obtain clusters of highly correlated features; (ii) an adaptive selection technique for subset construction from the clusters of features; and (iii) a genetic-based method for producing the final subset of features. The ACO feature clustering method utilises the ability of various mechanisms such as intensification and diversification for local and global optimisation to provide highly correlated features. The adaptive technique for ant selection enables the parameter to adaptively change based on the feedback of the search space. The genetic method determines the final subset, automatically, based on the crossover and subset quality calculation. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated on 18 benchmark datasets from the University California Irvine (UCI) repository and nine (9) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarray datasets against 15 benchmark metaheuristic algorithms. The experimental results of the EGCACO algorithm on the UCI dataset are superior to other benchmark optimisation algorithms in terms of the number of selected features for 16 out of the 18 UCI datasets (88.89%) and the best in eight (8) (44.47%) of the datasets for classification accuracy. Further, experiments on the nine (9) DNA microarray datasets showed that the EGCACO algorithm is superior than the benchmark algorithms in terms of classification accuracy (first rank) for seven (7) datasets (77.78%) and demonstrates the lowest number of selected features in six (6) datasets (66.67%). The proposed EGCACO algorithm can be utilised for FS in DNA microarray classification tasks that involve large dataset size in various application domains
The influence of green human resource management practices on organizational citizenship behavior for the environment
No full textEnvironmental challenges like ozone depletion, climate change, illegal logging, loss of species in a specific habitat, and ecosystem devastation are serious problems affecting countries worldwide, including Malaysia. As a result, environmental stakeholders expect the organisation to make positive development in environmental
practices and establish reasonable environmental responsibility standards. Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment (OCBE), whether voluntary or involuntary, is widely seen as an essential component for greening the corporate. Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) strategies are projected to influence OCBE among Malaysian manufacturing employees. The objective of this study is to determine if GHRM practices influence OCBE by evaluating the relationship between the variables. The influence of three (3) dimensions of green human resource
management practices, namely green recruitment and selection, green training and development, and green compensation and reward on OCBE among employees at Taiping, Perak manufacturing companies that practice GHRM. A total of 245
employees took part in the research. The research hypotheses were tested using regression analysis. The results showed that green recruitment and selection had no significant relationship with OCBE. It's most likely due to a lack of environmentally friendly methods implementation and a lack of understanding of the necessity of environmental protection. It is suggested that research and business practitioners review the current policy and apply the laws and regulations more tightly to all industries and employees. This could lead to an increase in pro-environmental behaviour at work. However, green training and development, as well as green
compensation and reward, were proven to have a positive relationship with OCBE. The findings of this research had both theoretical and practical implications. The findings, which were evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS) Version 26, show that OCBE and GHRM have a positive relationshi
Solving an application of university course timetabling problem by using genetic algorithm
Get PDFGenerating timetables for academic institutions is a complex problem. This is due to many constraints involved whether they are vital or desirable, which are known as hard and soft constraints. The problem becomes more complicated and difficult to solve as the number of courses increase. Moreover, generating manual timetables is challenging and time-consuming, particularly to meet lecturers’ preferences. Thus, it is crucial to establish an automated course timetable system. Many efforts have been made using various computational heuristic methods to acquire the best solutions. Among the approaches, genetic algorithm (GA), constructed based on Darwin's theory of evolution, becomes the renowned approach to solve various types of timetabling problems. Therefore, this study produces the best timetable using GA to solve clashed courses, optimize room utilization and maximize lecturers’ preferences. Data of 41 course sections from 17 courses offered in semester A172 were taken from Decision Science Department, School of Quantitative Sciences (SQS). The phases in GA involves a number of main operators which are population initialization, crossover and mutation. The best parameter setting for GA was determined through combination of different mutation rate, population and iteration. The simulation results of GA show that this method is able to produce the best fitness value that satisfied all hard and soft constraints. There are no clashes either between lecturers or lecture rooms, and lecturers’ preferences were satisfied. The system can help SQS or any other academic schools or institutions to easily develop course timetabling in the coming semesters
Pendekatan khauf dan raja’ al-Ghazali dalam merawat penyakit gelisah (anxiety disorder)
Get PDFSecara fitrahnya, kejadian manusia memiliki dua komponen utama iaitu rohani dan jasmani. Komponen kerohanian memerlukan pengisian berbentuk spiritual seperti keagamaan dan aktualisasi diri. Komponen jasmani memerlukan makan, minum, pakaian dan pelbagai perkara yang menyenangkan kehidupan manusia.
Ketidakseimbangan dalam memenuhi keperluan kedua-dua komponen tersebut boleh menyebabkan muncul pelbagai masalah dalam diri manusia seperti kegelisahan, kemurungan, tekanan dan seumpamanya. Kegelisahan merupakan suatu yang normal, malahan ia adalah fitrah kejadian manusia itu sendiri Allah SWT menciptakan manusia dengan tabiat resah dan gelisah. Namun, bukan suatu yang
normal jika kegelisahan ini berlanjutan dan tidak dapat dikawal dengan baik. Sebaliknya, ia merupakan permasalahan pada jiwa iaitu penyakit gelisah (anxiety disorder). Justeru, kajian ini memfokuskan kepada konsep penyakit gelisah menurut Islam; kaedah merawat penyakit ini berdasarkan konsep khauf dan raja’ yang diperkenalkan oleh Imam al-Ghazali serta kesesuaian mengaplikasikan kedua-dua
konsep tersebut dalam masyarakat hari ini. Reka bentuk kajian adalah berbentuk kualitatif. Data-data diperolehi melalui kajian kepustakaan serta temu bual bersama tiga (3) orang pakar dalam bidang tasawuf dan tiga (3) orang pakar dalam bidang psikologi klinikal. Data-data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kandungan dan analisis tematik. Hasil kajian mendapati, penyakit gelisah menurut Islam adalah sunnatullah terhadap ciptaan manusia yang mempunyai nafsu dan pelbagai kehendak diri yang tidak terbatas. Konsep khauf dan raja’ berperanan
dalam membentuk sifat takut kepada Allah Yang Maha Berkuasa dan menerapkan konsep pengharapan serta kebergantungan terhadap-Nya dalam menangani keperluan nafsu dan pelbagai kehendak diri tersebut. Konsep ‘khauf’ dan ‘raja’ juga telah diaplikasikan oleh informan kajian ini yang terdiri daripada psikiatri dan kaunselor
dalam sesi yang dijalankan ke atas klien yang mengalami penyakit gelisah. Walaupun pelbagai jenis rawatan serta ubat-ubatan telah diberikan kepada klien, tetapi di akhir sesi kaunseling mereka akan menerapkan juga nilai-nilai Islam dalam sesi tersebut. Berdasarkan dapatan, proses merawat penyakit gelisah memerlukan kepada kaedah moden dan Islam kerana ia bersifat saling melengkapi. Gabungan kedua-dua kaedah ini diyakini mampu menangani penyakit gelisah yang melanda masyarakat pada hari ini