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Foreign direct investment, domestic investment, and growth of manufacturing sector in Pakistan: Aggregate and disaggregate analysis
No full textThis study aims to examine the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic private investment (DPI) on growth of manufacturing sector in Pakistan in aggregate and disaggregate settings. The overall manufacturing sector, large-scale and small-scale manufacturing industries are analyzed in aggregate setting. However, in disaggregate setting, four industries from each large-scale and small-scale manufacturing sector are selected. The textile, sugar, cement and chemical industries are selected as large-scale industries while furniture and sports, rubber, tobacco and leather industries are selected as small-scale industries. The study also investigates the interaction effect of institutional quality on the relationship between FDI, DPI and growth of manufacturing sector. By applying the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach on the time series data from 1980-2017, the positive and significant effect of FDI and DPI on growth of manufacturing sector is found. Moreover, in disaggregate analysis of large-scale and small-scale manufacturing industries, both FDI and DPI positively and significantly influence the manufacturing growth except sugar and leather industry where the effect of FDI is found to be negative. The results of the interaction effect of institutional quality show that performance of FDI increases with interaction effect of institutional quality. The institutional indicators show positive interaction effect with FDI and DPI on growth of manufacturing sector. The government should develop such economic policies that attract FDI and DPI to facilitate new national and foreign investments through the provision of the necessary infrastructure and appropriate energy supply in Pakistan. Institutional quality should be among the main indicators for devising and executing macroeconomic policies to enhance FDI, DPI and manufacturing growth. Policymakers should pay more attention to maintain government stability and socioeconomic conditions, government effectiveness, control of corruption in order to build a united, peaceful, and harmonious society
The relationship between safety management practices and safety behavior among police officers in IPD Batu Gajah, Perak
Get PDFIn recent years, unsafe act had become a prominent caused towards injury and accident among the Malaysian Police Officers. Thus, it gives a negative perception to the society. Accident related to police officers due to the unsafe act will give negative impact on their services to the society. There is less study being done related to Police Officers in IPD Batu Gajah Perak. Thus, this project paper will study the relationship between safety management practices and safety behavior among Police Officers in IPD Batu Gajah Perak. The study is involved 200 respondents who is police officers from various department in IPD Batu Gajah. This research study the six component of management safety practices which is management commitment, safety training, employees’ involvement, safety communication, safety rules and procedures, safety promotion policies which the independent variables towards safety behavior as dependents variables. The analysis being done by using SPSS version 26 and as the result show that the safety management commitment has positive and significant relationship with safety behavior among police officers in IPD Batu Gajah Perak. The analysis of this study may give the direction to the management of IPD Batu Gajah in enhance the safety behavior among police officers in IPD Batu Gajah in future
Neo radikalisme: Kajian kes Daesh di Malaysia
Get PDFDaesh merupakan sebuah kumpulan militan pelampau yang telah membawa manifestasi baru dalam dunia moden dengan melakukan siri keganasan di sehingga menggemparkan seluruh masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Mereka ini cenderung menyertai kumpulan militan di Syria dan Iraq atas nama ‘jihad’ dengan melakukan perbuatan diluar norma-norma kehidupan seseorang manusia dengan melakukan kezaliman seperti penyembelihan, tembakan hidup-hidup, melemaskan, merogol, menculik, jihad seks dan lain-lain dengan menggunakan nama agama. Pendoktrinan ini muncul dari manifestasi fahaman Salafi Jihadi yang disebarkan menggunakan medium baru melalui teknologi dan aplikasi yang bertebaran di alam maya atau digelar sebagai neo teknologi. Anjakan dari itu kumpulan ini bergerak dengan perisian-perisian yang wujud dengan bergerak secara pantas menyebarkan propaganda-propaganda radikalisme bertujuan mempengaruhi minda supaya menentang golongan-golongan kuffar melalui jalan perang atau dikenali ‘Jihad Qital’ secara maya tanpa melakukan pertemuan bersemuka. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data primer adalah melalui kajian lapangan di penjara, temubual langsung dengan tahanan Daesh, pakar bidang, dan juga pegawai keselamatan yang bertugas membanteras ancaman Daesh di Malaysia. Data sekunder pula dikutip melalui kajian perpustakaan di beberapa pusat sumber universiti dan polis. Kajian ini memperlihatkan bagaimana individu-individu mudah terpengaruh dengan gerakan militan Daesh luar dan dalam negara dari dan dakyahdakyah yang menjadi penarik kepada mereka untuk melakukan siri-siri pengrekrutan, penghijrahan, bantuan dana, jihad dan menyebarkan fahamanfahaman yang tidak sahih untuk mengembangkan ideologinya sebagai tarikan utama menggunakan Daulah Islamiah
Keusahawanan sosial terbaik institusi masjid dalam membangun modal insan: Kajian kes di daerah Seberang Perai Utara 2014-2019
Get PDFSocial entrepreneurship combines the spirit of social mission with business images such as discipline, innovation and determination. In addition, social entrepreneurship employs an entrepreneurial approach to unraveling social issues and tackles them in a way that brings positive impact to both parties. The area of entrepreneurship is also a way of worship and it is able to attract more members of society to the mosque. Mosque institutions can be further reinforced by creating entrepreneurial activities to generate positive economy as well as assisting the institution of mosques in implementing effective programs for the mosques through funds from social entrepreneurial activities. This study finds that there are some problems that exist in mosque institutions. Among the major issues outlined in the strategic plan of the Penang Islamic Affairs Department is the inefficient institutional management of the mosque which illustrates the lack of Islamic management and the problem of attracting target members of society to the mosques. This study is also to evaluate the role of mosque institution management in Seberang Perai Utara by using effective social entrepreneurship platform to address the negative perceptions of the mosque management and to determine the best social entrepreneurship programs for mosque institutions in increasing the number of members of society to the mosque institutions. This study will use qualitative method to obtain and analyze data in order to proves the objectives of this study. Social entrepreneurship is capable of raising positive images not only to the administration of the mosque but also the administration of Islamic affairs in the state of Penang. This comprehensive study to identify the best mosque management role and best social entrepreneurship program can be used by mosque institutions to increase income as well as enhance human capital reach through overall mosque administration
Integrated examination and analysis model for improving mobile cloud forensic investigation
Get PDFAdvanced forensic techniques become inevitable to investigate the malicious activities in Cloud-based Mobile Applications (CMA). It is challenging to analyse the casespecific evidential artifact from the Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) environment under forensically sound conditions. The Mobile Cloud Investigation (MCI) encounters many research issues in tracing and fine-tuning the relevant evidential artifacts from the MCC environment. This research proposes an integrated Examination and Analysis (EA) model for a generalised application architecture of CMA deployable on the public cloud to trace the case-specific evidential artifacts. The proposed model effectively validates MCI and enhances the accuracy and speed of the investigation. In this context, proposing Forensic Examination and Analysis Methodology using Data mining (FED) and Forensic Examination and analysis methodology using Data mining and Optimization (FEDO) models address these issues. The FED incorporates key sub-phases such as timeline analysis, hash filtering,
data carving, and data transformation to filter out case-specific artifacts. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) assisted forensic methodology decides the amount of potential information to be retained for further investigation and categorizes the forensic evidential artifacts for the relevancy of the crime event. Finally, the FED model constructs the forensic evidence taxonomy and maintains the precision and recall above 85% for effective decision-making. FEDO facilitates cloud evidence by examining the key features and indexing the evidence. The FEDO incorporates several sub-phases to precisely handle the evidence, such as evidence indexing, crossreferencing, and keyword searching. It analyses the temporal and geographic information and performs cross-referencing to fine-tune the evidence towards the casespecific evidence. FEDO models the Linearly Decreasing Weight (LDW) strategy based Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm on the case-specific evidence to improve the searching capability of the investigation across the massive MCC environment. FEDO delivers the evidence tracing rate at 90%, and thus the integrated EA ensures improved MCI performance
Determinants of intention for subscribing takaful in Kelantan: a study at Kem Batalion 8 Gerakan Am PDRM Malaysia
Get PDFIn Malaysia, the emergence of the Takaful sector offers an alternative-ways as a Shariabcompliant risk management rather than conventional insurance. This study examines the variables that affect Kelantan government servant intentions to subscribe Takaful. Although there are distinctions between conventional insurance and Takaful in terms of the contract, both products aim to safeguard participants and lessen their financial burden in the event of difficulties or accidents. In this regard, how much do Malaysians, particularly Muslims, tolerate takaful items, and how well-informed are consumers about the available options? Despite the fact that Takaful complies with Shariah, the number of participants, particularly among Muslims, is relatively low. Thus, the goal of this study is to determine the variables influencing Kelantan government servants' inclination to subscribe to Takaful. 217 technical staff members who worked at Kem Batalion 8 Gerakan Am PDRM Malaysia in Kelantan participated in the study. Using Pearson Correlation Analysis, One-way ANOVA, and T-test analysis, all hypotheses in this study are examined. The findings demonstrate a significant positive association between product characteristics and several demographic factor and the intention to purchase Takaful. It is believed that this study's findings will aid in the growth of Malaysia's Takaful industry
An enhanced fingerprint template protection scheme
Get PDFFingerprint template protection (FTP) is required to secure authentication due to fingerprint has been widely used for user authentication systems. Fingerprint authentication consists of a microcontroller, fingerprint sensor, secure access control, and human interface. However, as many users frequently assess the systems,
fingerprints could be replicated and modified by attackers. Currently, most existing FTP schemes fail to meet the properties of fingerprint authentication systems, namely diversity, revocability, security, and match/recognition performance, due to intra-user variability in fingerprint identifiers and matching issues in unencrypted domains.
Therefore, this study aims to enhance the existing schemes by using chaos-based encryption and hash functions to meet the specified properties by securing users’ fingerprint templates (FT) within the embedded systems. Furthermore, an improved chaos-based encryption algorithm was proposed for encrypting FT. The MATLAB
simulation with Fingerprint Verification Competition (FVC) 2002 database was used to measure the encryption results, secret key spaces, key sensitivity, histogram, correlation, differential, entropy information, matching/recognition analysis, and revocability. The proposed FTP scheme was also evaluated using Burrows–Abadi–
Needham (BAN) logic analysis for protocol robustness with resistance to replay attacks, stolen-verifier attacks, and perfect forward secrecy. The results demonstrate that the enhanced chaos-based encryption algorithm for FTP improves its encryption time, which is 0.24 seconds faster than the selected benchmark study. The enhanced FTP scheme also achieved security, revocability, diversity, and matching/recognition performance properties. The matching/recognition performance evaluation produced higher verification rates and a low false rejection rate. The rates were 99.10 % and 0.90%, respectively. The equal error rate decreased from 2.10% to 1.05%. As a conclusion, the enhanced FTP scheme could be an alternative to the existing FTP for embedded system authentication to withstand various possible attacks and provides
the desired security features. The scheme also can be a reference to comprehensive security analysis
The representation of women in the selected literary works of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Buchi Emecheta
Get PDFChimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Buchi Emecheta are prominent African feminist writers whose works have been studied extensively. Therefore, the present study aimed at analyzing the power of women in fighting against male oppression under the traditional patriarchal system in Africa as portrayed in the seven selected novels. This research was conducted with three objectives: a) to identify the kinds of treatment women received in traditional patriarchal society in the selected novels of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie in Purple Hibiscus, Half of A Yellow Sun, The Thing Around Your Neck and Buchi Emecheta in The Bride Price, The Joys of Motherhood, The Slave Girl and Second-class Citizen b) to describe how the women react towards patriarchal power imposed on them as depicted by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie in Purple Hibiscus and Half of A Yellow Sun and Buchi Emecheta in The Bride Price and The Joys of Motherhood, and c) to show how the women characters exercise their power in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s novels Purple Hibiscus and Half of A Yellow Sun, The Thing Around Your Neck and Buchi Emecheta’s novels in The Bride Price, The Joys of Motherhood, The Slave Girl and Second-Class citizen. The theoretical perspectives that framed the study was Postcolonial theory and Feminism. The data were obtained by analyzing the novels using literary analysis and textual analysis. The findings show that the ways the women characters exercised their actions are almost the same in the seven novels. The women characters in Purple Hibiscus and Half of A Yellow Sun exercised their actions by rejecting the traditional patriarchal treatments which led to their freedom. In The Bride Price and The Joys of Motherhood, the women characters also exercised their actions by challenging the traditional patriarchal treatments which led them to become independent women. The patriarchal powers of the male dominance society had contributed to major problems and challenges affecting the lives of most of the African women. The findings have established the need to study Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and Buchi Emecheta’s novels from the feminist perspective in relation to women’s subjugation and subjugation. The study has also added to and enriched the existing literature on the representation of women research. Therefore, it is suggested that the Postcolonial theory and feminism is applied to studies on representation of women
Exploring the pre-service teacher’s oral presentation anxiety and self-efficacy practice through self-reflection strategies
Get PDFPre-service teachers' oral presentation is a component of the professional qualifications to meet responsibilities as future educators. However, they encounter oral presentation anxiety (OPA). Therefore, this study investigated the factors contributing to their anxiety and self-efficacy by completing the Self-Reflection (SR) and the Self-Reflection Strategy (SRS). The research objectives were to i) explore the factors that contribute to the pre-service teachers' oral presentation anxiety; ii) to explore selfefficacy practice in oral presentation; and iii) to investigate the pre-service teachers' oral presentation anxiety and self-efficacy practice through the Self-Reflection Strategy. SR and SRS explored the factors that contribute to the pre-service teachers' OPA and self-efficacy practice by using the underpinning theories, namely the Social Constructivism Theory, the Foreign Language Anxiety, and Self-Efficacy. Data was obtained through a qualitative case study research design administered to sixteen preservice teachers in an Institute of Teacher Education (ITE) in three phases. Two participants from those sixteen volunteered to do an Oral Presentation about Islamic and Asian Civilisations for SRS. The findings show they experienced a variety of oral presentation anxiety factors, namely test anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, communication apprehension as well as topic and content anxiety. Self-efficacy practices findings by the pre-service teachers were intentionality, forethought, selfreactiveness, self-reflectiveness and self-enhancement. SRS revealed that the preservice teachers' anxiety feelings were overcome, and their self-efficacy practice was enhanced in the oral presentations using Gibbs (1988) reflective cycles and the adaptation of TRIPLESPEAK from Finn et al. (2009). The study's implications show that SR and SRS assisted the pre-service teachers in oral presentation skills. This contributes to turning them into life-long learners who can communicate and work across cultures using the guidelines. The guidelines can be practised among students not only in Malaysia but also globally through the Open Learning web page
The enforcement and conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) fishery: A legal study in Indonesia
No full textSouthern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) is a highly migratory fish under the Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT) rules. Having such migratory nature, the fish is the most vulnerable species to experience ecological impacts if improperly managed beyond the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) boundaries. Being the only spawning ground area of SBT and also one of the migration routes of the species, Indonesia has a crucial role as a coastal State, flag State, and also port State to manage the SBT sources within its national jurisdiction and enforce the law against fishers engaging in the SBT fisheries. The issue on the enforcement and conservation measures of SBT should be conducted effectively and taken into serious consideration by all the stakeholders as a whole for sustainability reason. The primary research question is whether the enforcement and conservation measures relating to SBT fishing are adequate in Indonesia? In this regard, the existing legal frameworks both at the international and national level have been critically evaluated. The key research objective is to analyze the practice of enforcement and conservation strategies of SBT fisheries in Indonesia. The study adopts socio –legal research by using qualitative approach employing theoretical work and special reference. The qualitative approach and theoretical work are library -based, complemented by nine semi-structured interviews, while the special reference aspect involves reference to the relevant SBT fishery laws and the legislations of Australia and New Zealand. The analysis of data employs doctrinal, thematic, critical and analytical methods. The findings indicate that the existing legal frameworks on SBT fisheries in Indonesia are inadequate to regulate the non-compliance and over-quota problem perpetrated by fishers. The said legal frameworks too were found to be in the absence of some provisions concerning fishing activities under the quota management system, the subsisting of small-scale fishers in SBT fishing, and the sanctions for fishers who exceeded their allocated quota or in breach of the CCSBT rules. Based on these findings, this study recommends that the Government of Indonesia to consider amending the existing legal frameworks on SBT fisheries. Concurrently, the implementation of enforcement and conservation measures in Indonesia must be further strengthened to ensure that it complies and full fills all the requirements prescribed by CCSBT rules