9143 research outputs found
Sort by
The influence of income levels on smartphone purchase behavior among Malaysian Gen Y
Get PDFThis research explores the factors influencing smartphone purchasing behavior among Malaysian Generation Y, with a specific focus on income levels as a moderating variable. Despite existing research on smartphone purchasing behavior in Malaysia, particularly using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), there remains a significant research gap regarding the impact of income levels on this relationship. This study aims to explore this overlooked factor, as income level may act as a moderating factor between product characteristics, social factor, and purchasing behavior. The study employed a deductive research approach, collecting primary data from 384 respondents using systematic random sampling. A self-administered online questionnaire comprising 44 items, including demographic information, was used. A pilot study was conducted to ensure the instrument's validity. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, applying multiple regression analysis. The results reveal that product features, brand familiarity, and peer influence are significant antecedents of smartphone purchasing behavior among Generation Y, with product attributes emerging as the strongest predictor. However, income levels moderate the impact of these factors on purchasing decisions. Specifically, while friends’ recommendations, brand associations, and product features strongly influence purchase behavior, their effects vary depending on the buyer's income level. Higher or lower income levels shape the extent to which these factors impact the final purchasing decision, underscoring the role of income in influencing consumer behavior within this demographic. The research findings highlight the importance of tailoring marketing strategies for Generation Y who are the largest demographic of smartphone consumers in Malaysia the study concludes with recommendations for businesses to enhance their marketing strategies and conduct further research to gain deeper insights into Generation Y's purchasing patterns and spending behaviour in the smartphone marke
Corporate philanthropy disclosure and firm performance in Jordan: Board diversity as a moderator
Get PDFCorporate philanthropy disclosure (CPD) have always attract the attention of businesses, public, government and other stakeholders to enhance firm performance and ensure long-term business sustainability. The purposes of this study are to identify the level of CPD among companies in Jordan and to examine the relationship between CPD and firm performance (FP). The study also aims to examine the moderating role of board of director's (BOD's) diversity (gender, independence, age, educational background and nationality) on the relationship between CPD and FP. based on the agency theory and legitimacy theory. The sample data used in this study comprises 101 companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from year 2015 to 2020. The current study developed a checklist with 26 disclosure items to measure the level of CPD practices. Data on CPD, FP and BOD's diversity are obtained from companies' annual reports. The current study uses content analysis and Fixed Effect Regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors to analyze the data. The findings of this study indicate that banks have the highest disclosure of philanthropy items compared with the other industries. Cash contribution is considered as the most popular item disclosed while Haj and Omrah is the least item disclosed by the companies. In light of the relationship between CPD and FP, the findings reveal that CPD has a significant and positive relationship with FP. Regarding on the moderating variable (BOD's diversity), the current study found that BOD's diversity have partially moderate the relationship between CPD and FP. This study deepens the understanding of the nature of CPD in the context of Jordan. Moreover, the findings are useful to the policy makers in preparing regulations on CPD as well as to provide opportunities for more research in Jordan on the subject
Multi-criteria acces selection mechanism based on user preferences in heterogeneous wireless networks
Get PDFAccess selection is one of the key technologies in heterogeneous wireless network. At present, the access selection technology mainly adopts single and common network performance parameter as access selection criteria, ignoring the user preferences. It easily leads to access selection schemes that are out of line with the actual user requirements, and it does not improve user experience. In this thesis, a multi-criteria access selection mechanism supporting service characteristics and user preferences is designed. This mechanism uses utility function, entropy method, FAHP, and fuzzy logic theory to calculate the utility value, objective weight, subjective weight, and score of network attributes, respectively. FAHP is implemented to determine user preference values, and MADM method is used to establish the comprehensive candidate networks scores. The simulation experiments show that the proposed mechanism enables users to choose the most suitable network, achieve higher gain and reduce handover between different networks compared to other access selection algorithms. The proposed mechanism can support the diversity of service characteristics and user preferences at the same time, and is suitable for user centric next-generation mobile Internet application scenarios
Corporate social responsibility, anti-corruption, and financial performance based on the camels framework by the Nigerian listed financial institutions
Get PDFDespite the stakeholder and legitimacy theories that support corporate social responsibility initiatives by companies, Nigerian financial institutions (NFIs) encounter financial challenges attributed to inadequate corporate social responsibility practices (CSRP). Thus, this study examines CSRP trends among the Nigerian listed financial institutions (NLFIs) and their relationship with financial performance across five (5) dimensions: environmental practice (EP), human resource practice (HRP), product quality practice (PQP), community involvement practice (CIP), and anticorruption practice (ACP), using the CAMELS framework. The study used 7 years panel regression to analyze data from 2012 to 2018 across 37 NLFIs on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study applied the System Generalized Method of Moments to control for endogeneity and heteroskedasticity. Findings of the study show an increase in the NLFIs’ engagement in CSRP, ACP and EP. The engagement is low in HRP, PQP and CIP. The NLFIs' CSRP also enhances financial performance. Similarly, the NLFIs' EP, CIP and ACP enhance financial performance. The risk associated with the capital adequacy of the NLFIs is further mitigated by CSRP, EP, CIP and ACP. Conversely, EP, PQP and ACP mitigate the risk associated with asset quality. The risk that is associated with liquidity of the NLFIs is mitigated only via ACP. In contrast, their sensitivity to market risk is mitigated by CSRP, HRP, PQP, CIP and ACP. Further analysis also shows that the EP of the NLFIs enhances management quality, while CIP and ACP improve earnings quality. The study enriches the CSRP literature by incorporating the CAMELS framework in the CSRP studies within the financial industry. The study also provides guidance to policymakers and practitioners regarding the effects of CSRP and its dimensions on financial performance and risk of the NLFI
The Effect of Enforcement on Tax Compliance in the Adoption of the Self-Assessment System (Sas) Among Individual Taxpayers in Klang VALLEY.
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of enforcement on tax compliance among individual taxpayers in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. It focuses on the implementation of the Self- Assessment System (SAS) in Malaysia, which relies on tax laws and regulations enforced through penalties for non-compliance. Hence the focus of this study is to analyse the impact of Enforcement on Tax Compliance by employing the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The study finds that enforcement measures positively affect tax compliance, but issues arise due to the complex and ambiguous language used in tax legislation, hindering taxpayer understanding
and motivation to comply. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of tax education, with a lack of proper knowledge affecting compliance rates. Interestingly, tax awareness alone did
not significantly influence compliance. The research underscores the need for clear and comprehensible tax laws, robust enforcement measures, and comprehensive tax education
programs to promote tax compliance effectively among individual taxpayers in the Klang Valley. Implementing these recommendations can lead to improved compliance rates and a
more compliant taxpayer base in Malaysia
Penipuan dalam pendaftaran urusniaga tanah di Semenanjung Malaysia: satu analisa perundangan
No full textThe problem of fraud in land dealings is a severe problem in Malaysia. From 2012 until 2019, there were 562 cases of land dealing fraud reported throughout the country. The National Land Code 1965 provides the law regarding fraud in land dealing, which states a person's title to property can be defeated when the element of fraud, forgery and misrepresentation exist during the title’s registration process. Thus, this study aims to analyse the law relating to land dealing, the registration procedure and its relation with fraud. Fraud in land dealing occurs when the identity of the landowner has been defrauded, or forgery unto the registration documents, forgery on the power of attorney letter, court order and lawyer’s misconduct. Apart from this, false registration process at the land office also contributed to this problem. Therefore, this study scrutinised the registration procedure to discover its relation with land fraud. The finding also revealed that the National Land Code did not provide a remedy to the land fraud victims. Therefore, this study examined the necessity to provide a remedy for the victim. The methods used are legal and socio-legal research by analysing relevant sources and documents, including scholarly works and official reports. Interviews are also conducted with the land office officials, police and lawyer to understand the registration procedures and their relation with land fraud. This study found that the states of Kedah and Perak recorded an alarming number of land fraud.cases. Despite both states have implemented the biometric system as a verification or finger print record for the applicant of the dealing, yet fraud cases still occur, causing the victims to suffer losses. Thus, this study proposed that the law relating to the registration and procedure need to be tightened by the right interpretation of law by the court and the registration procedures been followed strictly based on the prescribed module. In providing a remedy to the victim,National Land Code has to be amended to safeguard the interest of land fraud victim. For this purpose, the study recommended Malaysia to follow good practices implemented in Australia and Singapore as the best practice model
Penglibatan komuniti dalam pembangunan Gua Harimau sebagai tapak pelancongan arkeologi
Get PDFTourism was a thriving industry after the Second World War (1941-1945). The exciting development of the tourism industry has prompted most countries to develop tourism seriously because of its ability to contribute to economic growth. To ensure that the tourism industry is able to provide returns and benefits to all parties at all times, a comprehensive and integrated planning needs to be done. Good planning is to consider all aspects involved before implementing development. Therefore, it is necessary to build good cooperation between the community and the government as a driver of development and direct community involvement in development programs, so that it can have a positive impact on the condition and standard of living of the community itself. The various results of previous studies have found is a mixture of findings and differences of opinion on community involvement in tourism development, including the development of the Harimau Cave site. Therefore, this matter needs to be studied and explored, especially on the views of the community and the extent of community involvement in Padang Bindu village on the development of the Harimau Cave site as an archaeological tourism destination. This research applies a qualitative approach in the data collection process by using questionnaires, interviews with local communities and the government. The data obtained were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The results of the study found that the Tiger Cave area has the potential to be developed as an archaeological tourist attraction. In general, the local community gives strong support if the existence of the Tiger Cave site area becomes an archaeological tourist attraction although the community involvement in planning and decision making is still limited and sometimes neglected
An enhanced fuzzy commitment scheme in biometric template protection
Get PDFBiometric template protection consists of two approaches; Feature Transformation (FT) and Biometric Cryptography (BC). This research focuses on Key-Binding Technique based on Fuzzy Commitment Scheme (FCS) under BC approach. In FCS, the helper data should not disclose any information about the biometric data. However, literatures showed that it had dependency issue in its helper data which jeopardize security and privacy. Moreover, this also increases the probability of privacy leakage which lead to attacks such as brute-force and cross-matching attack. Thus, the aim of this research is to reduce the dependency of helper data that can caused privacy leakage. Three objectives have been set such as (1) to identify the factors that cause dependency on biometric features (2) to enhance FCS by proposing an approach that reduces this dependency, and (3) to evaluate the proposed approach based on parameters such as security, privacy, and biometric performance. This research involved four phases. Phase one, involved research review and analysis, followed by designing conceptual model and algorithm development in phase two and three respectively. Phase four, involved with the evaluation of the proposed approach. The security and privacy analysis shows that with the additional hash function, it is difficult for adversary to perform brute‐force attack on information stored in database. Furthermore, the proposed approach has enhanced the aspect of unlinkability and prevents cross-matching attack. The proposed approach has achieved high accuracy of 95.31% with Equal Error Rate (EER) of 1.54% which performs slightly better by 1.42% compared to the existing approach. This research has contributed towards the key-binding technique of biometric fingerprint template protection, based on FCS. In particular, this research was designed to create a secret binary feature that can be used in other state-of-the-art cryptographic systems by using an appropriate error-correcting approach that meets security standards
The effect of work overload and role conflict on job stress among government teachers at Kota Bharu, Kelantan
No full textEducation plays a pivotal role in a nation's development, and the quality of education is closely tied to the effectiveness of the educational system. Enhancing educational standards through system modernization and emphasizing teacher quality is the goal of the Plan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM) 2013–2025. A growing number of teachers have expressed their intention to leave their jobs due to stress at work, highlighting the difficulties facing the teaching profession. According to the objectives of the PPPM, this study explores the connection between role conflict, work overload, and job stress among government school teachers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. With a focus on role conflict and work overload as well as the degree of workplace stress, three research questions direct the study. The study uses a sample of 328 instructors from government schools and a quantitative methodology based on surveys. The findings show that teachers experience high levels of occupational stress, with role conflict and work overload being major contributors to this stress. The results provide insightful information for administrators, legislators, and teacher unions by highlighting the necessity of actions to control workload and define roles. Despite limitations, the present study furnishes important evidence, hence clearing the path for subsequent investigations to augment our comprehension and formulate all-encompassing approaches to tackle job stress in educators, guaranteeing their welfare and the level of education they impart
Digital Entrepreneurship Intention Among Undergraduate Students
No full textDigital entrepreneurship has emerged as a dynamic force driving innovation and economic growth in the modern world. This study explores the intention of digital entrepreneurship among students at UUM. Digital entrepreneurship refers to the ability to identify and capitalize on opportunities in the digital realm, transcending traditional boundaries through creative thinking, interdisciplinary collaboration and a proactive mindset. This research also
investigates the relationship between digital entrepreneurship education, digital entrepreneurship knowledge and social media use on digital entrepreneurship intention. The lack of research by previous researchers has prompted researchers to conduct this study. The survey questionnaire was distributed using an online questionnaire to undergraduate students of Universiti Utara Malaysia. A total of 219 usable questionnaires were used for analysis. Direct relationships were analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. The results of the study show that digital entrepreneurship education, digital entrepreneurship knowledge and the use of social media have a significant relationship with digital entrepreneurship intention. This proves that the intention of digital entrepreneurship among UUM students is very high. Finally, management implications, study limitations and future research recommendations are discussed