University of New Brunswick: Centre for Digital Scholarship Journals
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Regional Clustering in Swedish Entrepreneurship: How do Immigrant and Native Startups Compare?
No full textEmploying the Getis-Ord local indicator of spatial autocorrelation and a combination of publicly available and restricted-access data on new business formation in Sweden, we document a novel set of results to extend the existing discourse on native and immigrant entrepreneurship. First, we find that the weak global interconnectedness in the data obscures the otherwise strong underlying local dynamics, with Swedish startups forming spatial clusters around the country’s largest economic hubs of Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö. Second, we find that spatial dependence appears slightly stronger among immigrants than among natives. We rationalize our observations using the selection and agglomeration theories of economics and the disadvantage and cultural-capital theories of entrepreneurship research
Recent Labour and Education Trends Regarding Geoscientists and Geological Engineers in Canada
No full textA review of information from Statistics Canada and the Council of Chairs of Canadian Earth Science Departments examined the geoscience workforce in Canada over the last two decades through economic cycles and environmental transitions. After a period of growth in Canada (2006 to 2011), geoscientist numbers in the labour market declined by 11% from 2011 to 2021, whereas the numbers of geological engineers grew by 56%. The combined total for both classifications remained fairly constant. By Census 2021 Canada had about 11,000 geoscientists (including oceanographers) and about 4,000 geological engineers. Professional, scientific and technical services, mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction are the major employment sectors. Employment for geoscientists is cyclical and tied to economic and commodity-price cycles. Alberta experienced the largest decline in geoscientist numbers (-34.5%), correlated with reduced oil- and gas-development investments from 2014 to 2020. Growth in other provinces (e.g. British Columbia, Ontario) partly offset the decline in Alberta. Nearly 30% of geoscientists are immigrants, as defined by their countries of birth. The university education supply pipeline shows that enrolment in core geoscience and geological engineering undergraduate programs dropped significantly (50% decline from 2015 to 2022) with a corresponding drop in graduations. However, enrolments in Earth Science programs related to aspects beyond core geoscience and geological engineering (e.g. environmental science in its broadest sense) tripled between 2007 and 2022. If these trends continue, the majority of students will be enrolled in these associated programs rather than graduating with core geoscience knowledge and skills. There is a need for more comprehensive and up-to-date data to represent the characteristics of the geoscience workforce accurately and to inform policy decisions and individual career choices. The current situation implies that shortages of qualified geoscience professionals could develop in future years.Un examen des données de Statistique Canada et du Conseil des directeurs des départements canadiens des sciences de la Terre a porté sur la main-d’oeuvre en géosciences au Canada au cours des deux dernières décennies, à travers les cycles économiques et les transitions environnementales. Après une période de croissance au Canada (de 2006 à 2011), le nombre de géoscientifiques sur le marché du travail a diminué de 11 % de 2011 à 2021, tandis que le nombre d’ingénieurs géologues a augmenté de 56 %. Le total combiné des deux classifications est demeuré relativement constant. Au recensement de 2021, le Canada comptait environ 11 000 géoscientifiques (y compris les océanographes) et environ 4 000 ingénieurs géologues. Les services professionnels, scientifiques et techniques, les mines, les carrières et l’extraction de pétrole et de gaz sont les principaux secteurs d'emploi. L'emploi des géoscientifiques est cyclique et lié aux cycles économiques et aux prix des matières premières. L’Alberta a connu la plus forte baisse du nombre de géoscientifiques (-34,5 %), en corrélation avec la réduction des investissements dans l’exploitation pétrolière et gazière de 2014 à 2020. La croissance dans d’autres provinces (par example, la Colombie-Britannique et l’Ontario) a partiellement compensé le déclin en Alberta. Près de 30 % des géoscientifiques sont des immigrants, selon leur pays de naissance. Le pipeline de l’offre d’enseignement universitaire montre que les inscriptions aux programmes de premier cycle en géosciences et en génie géologique ont chuté de manière significative (baisse de 50 % de 2015 à 2022), ce qui s’est traduit par une baisse correspondante du nombre de diplômes. Cependant, les inscriptions aux programmes de sciences de la Terre liés à des aspects autres que les géosciences fondamentales et le genie géologique (par exemple, les sciences de l’environnement au sens large) ont triplé entre 2007 et 2022. Si cette tendance se poursuit, la majorité des étudiants seront inscrits dans ces programmes connexes plutôt que d’obtenir un diplôme avec des connaissances et des compétences fondamentales en géosciences. Des données plus complètes et actualisées sont nécessaires pour représenter avec précision les caractéristiques de la main-d’oeuvre en géosciences et éclairer les décisions politiques et les choix de carrière individuels. La situation actuelle laisse présager une pénurie de professionnels qualifiés en géosciences dans les années à venir
Rebranding the Seriality of Social Media Storytelling: Engagement with “Digital Rebranding and Quotidian Self-reinvention: Wellness Influencer-healers’ Negotiations of Authenticity and Tellability crises on Instagram” by Maxine Ali
Full text linkMaxine Ali’s paper brings fresh focus to key areas of interest to mediated narrative analysis. In particular, rebranding offers us an important perspective on the seriality of identity work in social media contexts. In the last two decades, the research exploring personal storytelling on social media platforms has drawn attention to the episodic, open-ended forms of linearity (Ochs and Capps, 2001) that flourish in networked feeds of content which are continuously updated. As I have argued elsewhere (Page, 2013), the seriality of social media narration is varied and has analogous roots in pre-digital forms of storytelling. Nonetheless, the kinds of seriality that have drawn most attention in mediated narrative analysis have tended to privilege the episodic unfolding of events reported through successive posts within a single platform (see, for example, my own work (Page, 2012) which featured the analysis of Facebook status updates and tweets). This feed-centred seriality is characterised by “sharing the moment” (Georgakopoulou, 2017) and incorporated into the life-streaming practices common on social media (Marwick, 2013). Ali’s paper reminds us to look beyond the feed and take a narrative approach to the paratexts like profile information, which in their iterative updates must also be regarded as “serial and cumulative visual communication,” (Walker-Rettberg, 2014: 49)
“Forgiveness is About Building Your Identity Again After the Transgression”: Narrative Identity and Turning Points in the Forgiveness Process
Full text linkForgiveness is a multilayered process. However, there is little research on how individuals construct their narrative identity through self-positioning at turning points in the forgiveness process. The present study investigated these questions by interviewing 22 Finnish adults, applying McAdams’s life story interview method. Data-driven thematic narrative analysis demonstrated six turning points for the positioning self: (1) prologue: reflecting on the self from a distance, (2) the self gets help from others, (3) battling with the self, (4) the enlightened self, (5) the self initiates confrontation and (6) epilogue: the stronger future self. For the participants, these turning points were complex and profound experiences. Narrative turning points of forgiveness represented the many shades and phases of the forgiveness process that shaped participants’ positions and lives. The process was not linear and included stalled phases. Self-positioning moved from transgression to forgiveness, and in this process, the self’s agency varied from external to active. Participants described turning points in narratives of learning and empowerment with a strong protagonist who wants to move on in life. Turning points of forgiveness and self-positions may take different narrative forms in the future as individuals continue to narrate their forgiveness
Performance of “Desktop in the Cloud” processing software deployment
Full text linkDeploying desktop hydrographic software in the cloud as virtual PCs has been suggested as a bridging technology to fully cloud-aware processing solutions. We investigate the processing performance of such a system, examining different compute resources and storage options in a variety of operations, with an on-premises server as control. Our results demonstrate that all “desktop in the cloud” (DitC) deployments are slower than the control. A software requirement for a tightly integrated GPU can also significantly increase costs. These observations suggest that while feasible, this form of DitC is a sub-optimal model for implementing a cloud-based hydrographic data processing system
Ocean bathymetry: Decadal advances, persistent challenges, and future horizons
Full text linkThe article provides an overview of ocean bathymetry advancements since 2015, which demonstrates how multibeam sonar and satellite-derived bathymetry, along with LiDAR and unmanned systems, improved both ranges and mapping precision. Mapping technology faces multiple obstacles, including data paucity and political barriers, while access to technology remains unequal across nations, so integrated efforts through projects such as Seabed 2030 receive strong emphasis. The article suggests future approaches using artificial intelligence, citizen hydrospatial sciences participation and blockchain technology, which aim to improve access to ocean mapping data while setting maritime safety benchmarks, increase the knowledge, understanding of the hydrospatial domain and sustainable development goals
Résumés des communications présentées à la 76e conférence annuelle de géosciences universitaires, du 30 octobre au 2 novembre 2025
No full textPhotogrammetric techniques in hydrographic environmental monitoring
Full text linkThe article gives an overview on photogrammetric techniques in hydrographic environmental monitoring by presenting a collection of recent research projects and pilot studies, based both on cameras and LiDAR systems. Both techniques offer a very large spatial resolution and a high accuracy potential. In addition, stationary cameras also offer an almost arbitrarily high spatial resolution for spatio-temporal measurements. Subpixel accuracy image analysis techniques, combined with thorough geometric sensor modelling and calibration strategies, offer a very high accuracy potential, making even low-cost cameras a powerful measurement tool. The integration of imaging sensors and dedicated processing algorithms allows for the development of efficient solutions to novel challenging measurement tasks, which could not be solved at reasonable effort beforehand, and AI techniques increasingly facilitate the solution of complex image analysis tasks.El artículo ofrece una visión general de las técnicas fotogramétricas en el seguimiento medioambiental hidrográfico, presentando una colección de proyectos de investigación y estudios piloto recientes, basados tanto en cámaras como en sistemas lidar. Ambas técnicas ofrecen una resolución espacial muy amplia y un alto potencial de precisión. Además, las cámaras fijas también ofrecen una resolución espacial casi arbitrariamente alta para mediciones espacio-temporales. Las técnicas de análisis de imágenes con precisión de subpíxel, combinadas con estrategias detalladas de modelado y calibración de sensores geométricos, ofrecen un potencial de precisión muy alto, convirtiendo incluso a las cámaras de bajo coste en una potente herramienta de medición. La integraciónde sensores de imagen y algoritmos de procesamiento específicos permite el desarrollo de soluciones eficientes para tareas novedosas de mediciones difíciles, que antes no podían resolverse con un esfuerzo razonable, y las técnicas de IA facilitan cada vez más la resolución de tareas de análisis de imágenes complejas.Cet article donne un aperçu des techniques photogrammétriques utilisées pour suivre l'environnement hydrographique en présentant une série de projets de recherche et d'études pilotes récents, qui se basent à la fois sur des caméras et des systèmes lidar. Ces deux techniques offrent une très grande résolution spatiale et un potentiel de précision élevé. En outre, les caméras fixes offrent également une résolution spatiale pratiquement illimitée pour les mesures spatio-temporelles. Les techniques d'analyse d'images à précision subpixel, combinées à une modélisation géométrique rigoureuse des capteurs et à des stratégies de calibration approfondies, permettent d’atteindre un très haut niveau de de précision, faisant même des caméras à faible coût des outils de mesure performants. L'intégration de capteurs d'imagerie et d'algorithmes de traitement dédiés permet de développer des solutions efficaces pour des tâches de mesure nouvelles et complexes, qui ne pouvaient auparavant être résolues sans efforts considérables, et les techniques d'IA facilitent de plus en plus la résolution de tâches complexes d'analyse d'images