Market Forces (Journal of Management, Business and Economics, College of Management Science, PAF-KIET)
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CENTRAL BANKS COORDINATED ACTIONS: IMPACT & INTERVENTIONS IN FINANCIAL MARKETS
No full textABSTRACT:keywords: Financial Markets, Market Mechanism, Central Banks,Â
Impact of Social Media Marketing In Business To Business Marketing
No full textAbstract Communications are profoundly affected with the advent of Internet. With the technological advancements globally, the communications are made multifaceted. Various online platforms are developed where these communications take place. These platforms have made it easier for individuals to communicate with each other. Among these new platforms, the emerging new structure is known as the social media networking. Social Media Networking is basically an online web based service which allows the individuals to create profiles with limited access depending upon the kind of website and the rights enabled by the user itself Business to business marketing (B2B) is different from the traditional marketing as the industrial components are chosen through a rigorous decision-making process. This research paper explores the relationship between the B2B marketing and social media, and endeavors to identify the key factors in building the corporate brand. A qualitative study was carried out through semi-structured interviews which developed around the social media impact on B2B marketing. An analysis of about forty B2B marketing professionals serving different organizations in the global context was carried out. The interview data were recorded on using the note expansion procedure where word-by-word record and more on the notes were recorded which revealed interesting insights regarding corporate image, corporate reputation, corporate loyalty and corporate name with respect to the corporate brand name in connection with the medium of marketing communication used. The insights developed through this study would be useful in the context of B2B Marketing Professionals in assisting them in developing the marketing communication strategy.Keywords:Â Social Media, Business to business Marketing, Corporate Bran
THE SHORT AND LONG RUN IMPACT OF THE CHILD LABOUR AT THE MICRO FAMILY LEVEL: LESSONS FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
No full textMajority of articles on child labour are focused on the causes of it, probably for the reason that knowing the reasons behind the issue is necessary for defining legislative aims and objectives and tools to combat the problem. However, it is rare to find articles on the economic effects of the labour of children. Needless to say, without effectively understanding the economic effects, it is difficult to appreciate the full importance of the issue.According to Balotra and Heady (2001), South Asia is at the top in terms of number of children involved in child labour. Africa comes at a close second. Ashagrie (1998) gives excellent statistics, saying child labour prevalence is 21% in Asia. He goes on to compare Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Latin America in terms of their commonalities such as average household income. This, in all areas, is very low.The aim of this article is to show, through a literature review, a well-defined overview of the current body of knowledge regarding child labour. The effects of child labour on the economy of a country can be divided into micro and macro levels, and the long and short term labour market consequences (Anker, 2000). For limitation of scope purposes, we will limit our discussion to the short and long term effects of child labour at the macro level labour market
VENDOR MANAGEMENT INVENTORY AT RETAIL CHAIN STORES
No full textThe contest of this study is to analyze the Vendor Management Inventory at Retail Chain Stores. I have focused the retail giants in Karachi for the purpose of my research. Retail Chains all over the world are focusing on Vendor management inventory. In VM1 concept the vendor monitors the buyer's inventory levels (physically or via electronic messaging) and makes periodic re-supply decisions regarding order supply, shipping and timings. Vendor management Miming gives number of benefits to the retail chains which includes reduce fast and space, save time, less inventory less investment, improved cash flow, les risk of fire, accidents and theft and relationship with supplier while enjoying the win-win situation.The two hypothesis were used which are: Vendor management inventory success in retail chain is independent of obsolescence processes. Vendor managed inventory success in retail chain is independent on inefficient capacity utilization. The method for this research is questionnaire which I distributed in the retail chains to get the answers of no, respondents. The sample site was 140 employees. After the collection of data all the data transferred to SPSS to (make it. According to Crosstab analysis, results was mostly moderate-strong relationship among 2 hypothesis in 4 retail chains which shows that all variables are mostly dependent among each other and have moderate-to-strong relationship
THE ECONOMIC REFORMS AND THE TERMINATION OF POVERTY IN THE REGIME OF HERAT UMER BIN ABDUL AZIZ
No full textThose reforms which were implemented in the period of Hazart Umer Bin Abdul Aziz special from economic point of view are very important and their example is also given today. How these economic reforms become possible? Only because of reason that if the inner of the ruler is tight there is a good planning then the whole nation gets the advantage from its fruit. Hazart Umer Bin Abdul Aziz himself was the member of the royal family. He was the son in law and nephew of Abdul Malik. His mother was the granddaughter of Hazrat Umer (RA). When Waleed wishes to sent Umer Bin Abdul Aziz to the governorship of 'MADINAH MUNA WAR" then he accept that designation at term that he will not make brutality like the officials.Waleed accepted thatWhen he took the control of the post in MADEVAH' and said that I have given you discomfort for a sort of work that you will get the future reward of virtues by helping me in this matter. And you will become my favorable. I will not obey this task. Opinion of you when you watch injustice or you will get the news of any it justice then you are swore by €1,411ah". Do in me. He started to govern with his good reform and performed many useful tasks during his regime in which the most important task was the construction of "MASJID E NABVI" and the social reforms.Here this matter is veg., strange that there was no effect on the income of `73aitul Mal" In spite of the receipt of tax and these facilities and removing the corrupt money. Although the income of few countries increase a lot and the income of Iraq increase for better then HUJJAJ".Muhammad Asif(Assistant professor) (CoMS) PAF-KIE
PROBLEMS IMPLEMENTING JIT IN MAPLE PHARMACEUTICALS
No full textAbstract The title of my project is "PROBLEMS IMPLEMENTING JIT IN MAPLE PHARMACEUTICALS." JIT or Just In Time is an inventory method in, which the objective is to produce goods just-in-time for use or sale. It is a Japanese manufacturing management method developed in the 1970's. Since then non-Japanese organizations have started implementing it. Initially it was developed for a defect free process, but overtime it came to incorporate the concept of having just enough inventories to get the work done. My project is about identifying problems that are causing difficulty in implementing JIT in Maple Pharmaceuticals because JIT can give them a competitive advantage.Based on the literature reviews I found the two main problems with JIT implementation are suppliers and human resources. The hypothesis for my final project is H0: Non-supplier participation results in no long-term relationship with a vendor, H1: Long-term vendor relationship is not possible because there is a lack of reliable suppliers & H3: JIT not a priority for some pharmaceuticals due to lack of knowledge / training of management vis-a-vis workers. The populations I have chosen for my research project are the pharmaceutical organizations in the city of Karachi. These organizations have the resources to implement JIT. I have chosen around 5 organizations capable of implementing JIT. The population comes to around 1500. For my research project I used convenience sampling. Chi-Square testing was also used. Questionnaires were sent to the Supply Chain, Inventory, Purchasing and Production departments. 150 completed questionnaires in total were obtained on, which data analysis was performed.The first and second hypotheses were accepted because the variables under discussion are independent of each other, which mean the null hypotheses were accepted. The third hypothesis was broken into management and workers. The management part of the hypothesis was not accepted because the variables under discussion were dependent on each other, which means the null hypothesis was rejected. The workers part of the hypothesis was accepted because the variables under discussion are independent of each other, which mean the null hypotheses were accepted.My results were consistent with my initial hypotheses except for the management part of the third hypothesis, in which the null hypothesis was rejected. I can assume that management has the skills for JIT and it is a priority for them. So in conclusion the first & second hypotheses were accepted, which means supplier participation is vital for JIT implementation. Without their cooperation JIT is not possible. The third hypothesis was broken down to two parts. One was for management and the other for the workers. The management hypothesis testing was not accepted indicating that management does not need that much training for JIT implementation. However the worker hypothesis was accepted indicating worker training is required for JIT implementation. This helped Maple Pharmaceuticals recognize two main problems, which can be solved based on their skill set. It must be solved in stages and will require patience, compromise and attrition
SOCIO-ECNOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF MADERSA IN PAKISTAN
No full textThis paper intends to explore the Socio-Economic contribution of Institution of Madresa in Pakistani society while critically evaluating the authenticity of criticism against the institution which has surfaced after the 9/11 incident, accusing Madresa to be the breading ground of militancy, terror networks and sectarian violence. Additionally the paper explores the free-for-all service of Madresa in providing education, increasing literacy rate and employability for the poorest of the poor. It is discovered that Madresa provide a near equivalent of primary to tertian' levels of education by only spending almost half the amount spent by its conventional counterparts in the country Along with this residential Madaris save the poorest of children from various illegal activities including child prostitution. Furthermore role of religiosity in crime reduction is also discussed in the light of various cross-national secondary researches and it is argued that by enhancing the influence of Madresa to increase the religiosity of the society, crimes of all nature, including corruption and white collar crimes, can be significantly reduced The most of the conclusion are drawn on the basis of limited data available on Madaris affiliated with Wifaq-ul-Madatis Al-Arabia (which adhere to Deobandi school of thought) therefore the confidence level of conclusions needs to be further evaluated by adding more primary data including of other Madaris-networks operated with by Ahle-Tashee, Ahle-Hadith and Barelvi schools. The paper however provides a basis for further research in Pakistan to explore the influence of Madresa-initiated-religiosity on law and order situation, the degree of employability of Madresa graduates and the cost effectiveness of Madaris in all corners of Pakistan
ADAPTING PRESCRIBED TERTIARY LEVEL ELT TEXTBOOKS IN PAKISTANI CLASSROOMS
No full textThis study aims to investigate how Prescribed ELT Textbooks can be exploited to enhance students' reading comprehension of intermediates first year class in an educational institute. This research brings broader understanding of strategies to use ELT textbooks more effectively for teaching English Reading Comprehension skills to students. The rationale of the study stems from the need that teaching strategies for reading comprehension lead to increased awareness and use of the strategies which helps improve performance on commonly used comprehension measures. The methodology adopted will be Action Research which lies within the paradigms of Qualitative research and the results will be reflected through the analysis of class observations, field-notes, students' answer scripts, reflective journal and feedback through group interviews from the students. So, the teaching methods and practices are aimed to be improved through this researc
METHODS FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES EDUCATION ASSESSMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW
No full textAbstract One of the most important parts of social sciences education is student assessment. It comprises of a majority of time and effort from both the students and teachers in social sciences education. In order to effectively test the learning of vital concepts, and an evidence of reflection and critical analysis, teachers need to continuously review existing assessment methods and techniques. This is done so that students actively acquire the reasoning abilities and skills required for their jobs, either in the industry or academia. Although there is considerable research available on education assessment methods in general, little work is available on actual assessment techniques in the classroom. The aim of this article is to review the literature on assessment techniques and methods in social sciences education, both support and criticism.Â