Clute Institute: Journals
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Gender Differences In Calling And Work Spirituality Among Israeli Academic Faculty
Get PDFIn order to examine possible gender differences in work calling and work spirituality, 68 university academic faculty members responded to self-report multidimensional measures of these constructs. No gender differences were found for the attribution of the source of a transcendent summons, with a majority of respondents indicating internal potential, society’s needs, destiny, and family tradition as sources of this summons. MANOVA indicated that women had higher scores in comparison with men for two dimensions of calling - search for a transcendent summons and prosocial motivation – and for two dimensions of work spirituality - engaging work and mystical experience at work dimensions of work spirituality.
How Does External Knowledge Source Infuence Product Innovation In Korean Firms?
Get PDFThis study addresses how external knowledge sources affect product innovation by examining innovating Korean manufacturers surveyed by STEPI in 2012. The external knowledge source of the company is classified in STI mode (science-technology-innovation) on the basis of scientific knowledge and DUI mode (doing-using-interacting) on the basis of experience knowledge. First, the study reveals that neither the STI nor DUI modes affects the firm’s financial performance via product innovation. Second, the results show that the more the company learns from external knowledge through the STI or DUI modes, the more frequent its product innovation. Therefore, STI and DUI usage is found to be proportional to the frequency of product innovation, with the STI mode exerting much more influence on product innovation frequency. Finally, the study finds that neither the STI nor DUI modes affect exploratory innovation but that the DUI mode is proportional to it. Thus, the frequency of product innovation is enhanced through the STI mode via the application of externally sourced scientific knowledge to the innovation process, while current technology and products are enhanced through the DUI mode. This study finds that enhancing product innovation requires that companies determine the proper external knowledge source in accordance with their innovation performance goals
The Venture Capital Certification Role In Initial Public Offerings
Get PDFUsing high frequency Euronext Paris data, the paper examines the market microstructure trading characteristics of venture backed initial public offerings (IPOs) in the French market. Previous North American market studies approve the role played by venture capital (VC) firms for the certification of IPOs and their role in reducing the asymmetric information between investors. The study sample is composed of IPOs realized during the period 2000–2013 both with and without VC firm involvement. The results present no significant price difference between both IPO types. The cost of asymmetric information and of price volatility is higher for the VC-backed operations. Moreover, the study shows that underpricing is positively correlated to the cost of the information asymmetry. Contrary to previous studies, the results show that the effects of VC firm certification and monitoring are not perceived by IPO investors in the French market
Factors Determining Industrial Competitiveness And The Role Of Spillovers
Get PDFThis article applied regressions and panel data analysis to determine how micro-economic spillovers enhance the competitiveness of firms and industries. What made this study unique was that it considered the interactions between various spillover factors working simultaneously and their effect on competitiveness and also investigated possible harmful effects of spillovers. Data from the Manufacturing Firm Survey of the World Bank was used, which covered the first decade of the third millennium, including world economic crises. The investigation on sales used cross-sectional regressions, following a survey conducted on sales and competitiveness. The general findings were that FDI and technological expenses offered little spillover advantages to firms, but that spillovers from research and development do enhance competitiveness. Managerial expertise and education of the workforce restrict spillovers and enhance competitiveness, while a larger and less educated workforce increases leakages of information and spillovers, suppressing competitiveness. The results further revealed that exports and spending on communication, machinery and equipment, a trained work force and innovation all enhanced sales, but the numbers of new firms and the number of privately owned businesses suppress competitiveness. Concerning the negative effects of spillovers, corruption, crime, theft and disorder increase spillovers and curb competitiveness. More spending on security decreases these negative spillovers, as does support from well-known suppliers. A larger workforce causes more negative spillovers, as do the number of new and temporary workers, more competitors and new suppliers. The findings of this study will be of special value to managers and project planners
Enterprise Risk Management In Private Firms: Does Ownership Structure Matter?
Get PDFPrivate firms adopt Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) practices voluntarily. Using results of a survey that involved 78 respondents, we investigate the adoption of ERM practices in Italian private corporations and question whether ERM adoption is affected by the ownership structure of the firm. We find that agency conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders, which arise when ownership dispersion decreases, affect ERM adoption, and that when proprietorship is more dispersed, the firm places more focus on ERM projects. Additionally, we document the different roles of different types of owners. More specifically, in line with the patronage agency theory, the government-controlled enterprises undergo more intense ERM, whereas, in line with behavioral agency theory, individual and family-controlled firms pay less attention to ERM adoption
Marketing Strategies Of Small Craft Producers In South Africa: Practices And Challenges
Get PDFThe purpose of this research paper was to investigate the practices and challenges of marketing strategies of craft producers in Gauteng, South Africa (SA). As craft producers lack access to market they are unable to market their products successfully and face major challenges in marketing their products. A survey was conducted among 244 craft producers in Gauteng, South Africa (SA) to determine the marketing strategy practices and the challenges they face when marketing their products. The findings have shown that craft producers introduce new products from time to time and constantly improve existing products. Craft producers believe that their products are unique and of higher quality. They face challenges with the lack of demand for their products and the fact that it is not easy for them to identify customers that want their products. Craft producers need to decide on who they want to target with their products, determine the needs and then formulate an appropriate marketing mix element strategy to reach the chosen target market.
Person-Organisational Fit: A Revised Structural Configuration
Get PDFAn empirical study was conducted into the structural configuration of person-organisational fit (P-O fit), measured by the P-O fit questionnaire. The data from three independent studies (a total of 4 388 respondents) was analysed and consistent results across the three studies were reported. The exploratory factor analysis yielded a two factor model with acceptable psychometric properties. The factors names were based on previous literature, namely Supplementary fit (person-organisational fit, indirect fit and value congruence) and Complementary fit (combination of demands-ability and needs-supply fit) perceptions. The two factor model was further tested for construct validity (discriminant and convergent validity) and was found to be valid. The findings could be used as a foundation for future studies as they provide an empirically refined conceptualisation and measurement of fit perceptions which is theoretically supported. An accurate measure of P-O fit could be used to make better predictions of individual’s work attitudes and behaviour
Value Relevance Of Voluntary Human Capital Disclosure: European Evidence
Get PDFThis study examines the value relevance of voluntary human capital disclosure (VHCD) in 32 European markets during the period between 1997 and 2012. VHCD allows capital market participants to evaluate the intellectual capital of disclosing firms by allowing them to assess the competitiveness of firm’s human resource strategy and the productivity of workforce vis-à-vis the benchmark. The results provide strong evidence suggesting that market participants consider VHCD to be value relevant and incorporate changes in labor cost information into their pricing decisions.
The Informational Content Of Changes In Stock Recommendation: Chaebol Vs. Non-Chaebol Affiliated Analysts
Get PDFAccurate analysts’ reports alleviate information asymmetry between companies and investors by providing accounting information that is useful in investment decision-making for market participants. Investors evaluate the credibility of stock recommendations based on the accuracy of the earnings forecasts of analysts, applying them in the decision-making process. Studies of stock recommendations have focused on their informational content, systematically analyzing the characteristics of recommendations and, to a lesser degree, decision-making factors. For most analysts, when stock recommendations and forecast changes are simultaneously disclosed, a large bias results if analysts fail to consider the magnitude of the market reaction relative to the earnings forecast and stock recommendations. In most previous studies, the informational content of both individual stock recommendations and changes in stock recommendations was investigated. In this study, we examine differences in the informational content depending on the stock recommendations of the report released immediately previous to the current report for the same recommendation. An upgraded (or downgraded) revision within the same recommendation category is associated with a greater (lower) stock price return. Even the same recommendation in the market may cause different reactions depending on both the recommendation itself and on the direction of change of the recommendation. Affiliated analysts have more access to inside information of the companies they analyze. The stock returns after revisions of Chaebol-affiliated analysts are significantly higher than those of non-Chaebol-affiliated analysts
Determinants Of Relationship Continuity Between Sales Representatives And Pharmacists: The Mediating Role Of Trust
Get PDFJordan pharmaceutical sector reflects a complicated multichannel network of pharmaceutical companies (sellers) and pharmacies (buyers). However, the key objective of this study is to investigate the impact of shared values, interdependence, relationship termination costs and emotional intensity (the independent variables) on the expectation of relationship continuity (the dependent variable) between sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies and pharmacists in the Hashemite Kingdome of Jordan, as well as, to explore the role of trust as mediating variable. To achieve that; a self-administered questionnaire has been created and distributed out of a total sample of 500 pharmacies located in the capital of Amman. The findings of the multiple regression tests shown that; emotional intensity is the most influential variable on expectation of relationship continuity, followed by relationship termination costs, shared values and interdependence respectively. Furthermore, trust variable has been found to play a major role as mediating variable. Accordingly, the researcher provided managerial implications and recommendations for upcoming related research