78146 research outputs found
Sort by
Ultra-stable, iodine-locked 689 nm monolithic VECSEL
Get PDFWe explored molecular iodine as an absolute reference for frequency stabilization of a 689 nm monolithic VECSEL, achieving superior coherence and brightness with 10-13 stability (10 s), suitable for strontium-based quantum technology and metrology applications
Stick or twist? Why the UK's net-zero strategy is faltering and may need to change
No full textThe UK has long been seen as a global leader on climate action. Thanks to strong public and political support, the carbon emissions generated within the UK are now less than half what they were in 1990. However, cross‑party political support has weakened in recent years, reflecting a noticeable shift in the general public’s feelings toward net‑zero. We don’t yet fully understand what’s driving this change but we suggest that one important reason may be that the current approach to net‑zero hasn’t done enough to benefit or empower many communities. At the same time, most of the remaining emissions are bound up with every day, people-centred activities — like transport, food, and domestic heating — meaning the next stage of decarbonisation will likely feel much more disruptive to the general public’s day-to-day life. Ultimately, the way we currently govern net‑zero has taken us a long way, but this approach may not prove as effective in removing the remaining half of the UK’s emissions. Our research helps chart an alternative path forward towards net-zero. The JUST‑Systems project will explore new, more locally‑driven forms of governance that could better support communities and speed up decarbonisation in these everyday sectors
Thermal‐induced fracture evolution and acoustic signature of Beishan granite : insights into tensile strength of barrier system for high‐level radioactive waste disposal
Get PDFGranite is commonly used as an engineered construction material and a natural geological barrier to prevent radionuclide migration in deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW). However, the exothermic decay of radionuclides during disposal may threaten the stability and integrity of natural geological barriers. In this study, the tensile strength and acoustic emission (AE) signal of Beishan granite were investigated through Brazilian splitting tests (BST) at various treatment temperatures. The results revealed a significant deterioration in Brazilian tensile strength (BTS) with increasing temperature, with an 88% reduction in BTS at 1000°C. The most pronounced degradation occurred between 400 and 600°C, where the damage variable (Dt) increased by 0.3. As the treatment temperature increased, there was a general rise in the AE peak events, the cumulative number of AE events, and the AE b-value of Beishan granite during the BST, with tensile events being predominant through the rise time/amplitude ratio (RA)-average frequency (AF) distribution. Additionally, it was found that the orderliness of the scatter distribution of the AE energy during the loading process increased as the treatment temperature rose. These findings underscore the critical influence of thermally induced microcracking on the long-term performance and safety of granite as a geological barrier for HLW disposal
Reimagining emotion AI at home : exploring the potential of emotion-adaptive eco-feedback in personal assistant using matchmaking for AI
Get PDFEmotion Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the capabilities of personal assistant by enabling real-time adaptation to user emotions, behaviours, and contextual needs. This paper explores the potential of emotion-adaptive eco-feedback in personal assistant, particularly within home environments, to foster well-being, energy efficiency, and personalised user experiences. Currently, there is limited research on how users perceive emotion-adaptive eco-feedback and how emotion AI can be adopted in the eco-feedback within personal assistant in real-world settings. To address this, we employed a co-design method — Matchmaking for AI — to facilitate collaboration between real users and researchers. We built a living lab with 11 participants in Germany for half a year and conducted two experimental sessions: a pre-interview to understand user behaviours, requirements, and expectations on eco-feedback, and a co-design session using matchmaking for AI after half a year based on their appliance energy consumption data collected by our smart plugs using our open. DASH platform. The co-design sessions collaboratively brainstorm ideas for potential emotion AI adoptions and identify what their needs should be addressed by emotion AI technology. Through a co-design session, we generated eight design ideas that integrate emotion AI into eco-feedback. These concepts include emotion-adaptive eco-feedback framing, emotion-timed interaction and delivery and emotion-aware environment and social adaption. Our work explores the potential of using Emotion AI in eco-feedback within personal assistant and also provides new insights into AI co-design methodologies
An uneven playing field : a mixed methods, multiphase feasibility study of a programme to reduce gambling among at-risk men in a professional football club setting
No full textBackground Sports betting is a growth area for the gambling industry, with football fans a key target of advertising. Men are particularly at risk from gambling harm. The 8-week Football Fans and Betting (FFAB) intervention was designed for delivery in professional football clubs by club community coaches to reduce sports betting and other forms of gambling among men aged 18–55 with a PGSI score of < 15. This paper reports the acceptability and feasibility of delivering FFAB in England. Methods We conducted a multiphase, mixed methods, feasibility study of the FFAB intervention, assessing feasibility through three criteria: recruitment, fidelity and acceptability. We generated quantitative process and attendance data to assess recruitment and retention, and observation, interview and focus group data to examine fidelity and acceptability. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, qualitative data using thematic analysis, before being combined using triangulation protocol to assess feasibility against the three criteria. Results FFAB was launched in six clubs. Despite multiple attempts to refine and improve recruitment processes, no club was able to recruit the target number of participants to the programme. Retention on the programme also faced challenges. The saturation of football’s commercial landscape by the gambling industry and stigma-related social dynamics appear to underpin these findings. Due to recruitment and retention challenges, fidelity criteria were not met. However, participants that attended the programme, and coaches that delivered it, reported that FFAB was acceptable and supported some to make changes to their gambling behaviours. Throughout the qualitative dataset, participants and coaches emphasised the necessity of intervention to prevent gambling harms among men. Conclusions We found that FFAB was acceptable to the coaches who delivered it and the participants who attended. However, our model for recruitment did not work, with consequences for fidelity. We also faced difficulties with retention. More feasibility work to develop a different approach to a gambling reduction with men between 18 and 55 with a PGSI score of less than 15 is required
Efficient modelling of tungsten X-ray and EUV emission under ITER plasma conditions
Get PDFSynthetic line-emission spectra of tungsten ions in the x-ray (1–10 Å) and extreme-ultraviolet (10–140 Å) ranges under ITER conditions have been modelled for the charge-state groups W44+–W47+ and W62+–W65+, covering both outer and core plasma regions. Atomic structure and electron-impact excitation data have been calculated using two fully independent, fully relativistic suites, each treating excitation within the distorted-wave approximation. The close agreement between these separate datasets provides a strong internal consistency check in spectral regions where experimental validation is often hindered by line blending and background radiation. Photon emissivity coefficients, local emissivity profiles, and synthetic spectra have been obtained by coupling these atomic data to collisional-radiative modelling and to realistic ITER temperature and density profiles. Line-of-sight integrated spectra have then been compared with reduced approaches that evaluate each charge state at its temperature of maximum fractional abundance, and with simplified fixed-temperature treatments. The resulting spectra show that the reduced-temperature models reproduce the fully integrated spectra with high accuracy, while fixed-temperature approaches capture the main features with reasonable fidelity. These results indicate that computationally efficient reduced-temperature methods can provide reliable forward predictions for diagnostic design, line identification, and the interpretation of future ITER measurements
Leader choices reflect cultural differences in ideal affect more during organizational growth than decline
Get PDFWhat emotions do people prefer in their leaders, and do these emotional preferences vary depending on how their organizations are performing? In three studies conducted between 2018 and 2023 with European American, East Asian American, and Hong Kong Chinese participants, we predicted that people would choose leaders whose emotional expressions matched their culture's ideal affect (the affective states they value) more during , when conditions are favorable and people default to cultural ideals, than during , when conditions are unfavorable, and people are more open to other options. In Study 1 ( = 304), participants imagined that their own organizations were undergoing growth or decline and rated the emotions they would ideally like their leaders to have. In Studies 2 ( = 449) and 3 ( = 558), participants read hypothetical scenarios of student organizations undergoing growth and decline, and chose a leader among excited, calm, and neutral candidates. Across the studies, during growth, European Americans and East Asian Americans chose excited candidates more and calm candidates less than did Hong Kong Chinese, consistent with cultural differences in the valuation of high arousal positive affect. During decline, however, these cultural differences disappeared. Moreover, in Study 3, participants' ideal high arousal positive affect predicted their positive judgments of the excited candidate when conditions were favorable but not when they were unfavorable, suggesting one mechanism underlying these cultural differences in leader choice. Together, these studies suggest that people prefer leaders who express culturally ideal emotions more during organizational growth than decline. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)
Comparisons and contrasts in a complete set of alkali metal cumyl structures
No full textAlkali-metal benzyl complexes derived from toluene are known to vary their metal-ligand coordination mode as a function of the alkali-metal, with the metal transitioning from a typical sigma bond to the anionic CH2 for lithium towards an interaction with the delocalised pi system of the aromatic ring as the metal gets larger and softer. Here, by switching to cumene, we report the charge-localising eZect of replacing the hydrogen atoms at the formally carbanionic carbon CH2 with electron-donating methyl groups in C(Me)2. NMR spectroscopic studies reveal competitive ring-metalation occurs, at the meta and para positions, alongside a-metallation on using an alkyl lithium base, with the meta- and a-isomers crystallographically characterized as a solvated dimer and monomer respectively. Using Lochmann-Schlosser type base pairs to access the heavier alkali-metal complexes unveils only a-metalation. The presence of the methyl groups limits the variation in metal-ligand bonding, their electron-donating properties forcing the delocalisation of the negative charge into the ring resulting in M-Ph interactions and sp2 hybridisation at the formally deprotonated a-carbon regardless of the metal used. Considerable variation in aggregation state is observed with monomeric (Na), polymeric (K, Cs) and tetrameric (Rb) motifs identified in the solid-state
Rethinking video transmission : a quantum Fourier transform-based approach for error-prone channels
Get PDFReliable video transmission over error-prone channels remains a significant challenge due to the inherent trade-off between compression efficiency and noise resilience in conventional systems. To address these issues, this paper introduces a novel quantum Fourier transform (QFT)-based framework that integrates video compression and transmission within a unified quantum frequency-domain representation. The framework converts video data into a classical bitstream and maps it onto multi-qubit quantum states with variable encoding sizes (n), enabling flexible control over compression levels. Through the application of the QFT, these states are transformed into the frequency domain, where only selected coefficients are transmitted to reduce bandwidth requirements. At the receiver, the transmitted components are used to reconstruct the full representation, followed by inverse transformation and decoding to recover the video sequence. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measure (SSIM), and video multi-method assessment fusion (VMAF). The results demonstrate that increasing the number of qubits enables exponential compression, achieving ratios up to 2n:1, while maintaining high reconstruction quality under ideal transmission conditions. However, higher-qubit configurations exhibit increased sensitivity to channel noise, leading to a more rapid degradation as the signal-to-noise ratio decreases. In contrast, lower-qubit configurations provide improved robustness, maintaining more stable reconstruction quality under noisy conditions, albeit with reduced compression efficiency. Among the evaluated configurations, the two-qubit system achieves an effective trade-off, providing a compression ratio of 4:1 while maintaining strong visual and structural fidelity along with enhanced resilience to channel impairments
An interactional framing approach to the design and delivery of export support for women entrepreneurs
No full textDrawing on the theory of interactional framing this study explores the institutional mechanisms shaping export support for women entrepreneurs. Focusing on Scotland, we adopt a qualitative single-case study design, based on semi-structured interviews with 35 participants, including, enterprise agencies, support organisations, and women entrepreneurs (exporters and non-exporters) and by analysing policy documents. Our findings unpack two dominant frames: a gender-neutral frame assuming one-size-fits-all support, and a gender-sensitive frame addressing women’s specific needs. We theorise how these frames are constructed and sustained through framing work and identify four mechanisms that show how frames are insitutionalised: maintaining frame dominance, institutional distancing, frame plurality, and internal reframing. This research contributes to the women’s enterprise policy literature by showing the micro-level dynamics which act to shape enterprise support delivery. It also offers practical insights into how more inclusive institutions can be facilitated by bridging dominant and gender-sensitive frames, thus helping to reduce systemic barriers and enhance women’s access to global markets
Access Repository Dashboard
Do you manage University of Strathclyde Institutional Repository? Access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard!