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Dataset: Projected Flood Area in the Virginia Coastal Zone due to Sea Level Rise (NOAA Intermediate-High scenario)
No full textThis is a collection of GIS data in raster format which shows flooded area in the coastal zone of Virginia assuming the Intermediate-High sea level rise scenario from a NOAA publication (NOAA Technical Report NOS CO-OPS 083, Global and Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States, 2017). There are 12 rasters which begin in 1992 (midpoint of most recent tidal epoch) and continue at decadal intervals through 2100. All flooded areas are at projected mean high water levels.Virginia Institute of Marine Scienc
Earthwork Landscapes Of Protection And Regulation: Chronology, Construction, And Meaning At Sungbo’s Eredo, Africa’s Largest Known Structure
No full textThis dissertation investigates questions of when, how, and why the 2nd millennium AD earthwork structure of Sungbo’s Eredo, southwestern Nigeria, was constructed and utilized by past Ijebu-Yoruba communities. To address these questions, the research combines archaeological excavations of the Eredo, as well as settlement sites adjacent to it, surveys of associated local shrines, and investigation of colonial and later archives relating to the earthwork landscape. Excavations and surveys primarily occurred at the sites of Augustine University and Eredo Village, Lagos State, Nigeria, while archival work largely drew upon both colonial British archives as well as the papers of 20th century scholars who worked in the Ijebu region. The research has contributed several new insights into the dates, construction, functionality and meaning of Sungbo’s Eredo. Novel chronological evidence suggests that it was constructed around the 15th century AD and continued to be relevant to local communities throughout the 15th to 21st centuries in multiple evolving ways. New stratigraphic evidence from the earthwork, cross-referenced with similar evidence from other sites along it, and a range of Modern and Early Modern accounts, is interpreted as suggesting a segmented process of construction by which local groups – coordinated by centralised authorities and specialised institutions – mobilised labour to construct their own portions of the earthwork according to their own knowledge and practices. Novel artefactual, survey, and archival evidence suggests that the earthwork performed a variety of evolving functions. Broadly, these pertained to physical and spiritual protection of communities within, regulation of persons, things, and entities seeking to enter and exit the enclosed territory, demarcation and consolidation of emergent hierarchies and subordinate populations, and maintenance of secrecy and isolation. The earthwork has also held an evolving mnemonic importance to communities over the centuries, with developing narratives pertaining to its legendary builder – Sungbo – and a host of other entities memorialised and sacralised by it, shaping community existence and reality as the world changed around them. The dissertation thus concludes, and further underlines, that linear earthwork structures in West Africa were multifunctional structures with many uses and meanings coexisting and changing over time, highly complex architectural constructs involving diverse knowledge and decision-making (and not simple accumulations of earth), and forms of monumental architecture central to local concepts of being in the world.AnthropologyDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.
Modeling Group 3 Medulloblastoma: Describing the Interconnected Pathway of the Most Common Pediatric Brain Cancer
No full textGroup 3 medulloblastoma is one of the most common pediatric brain cancers. Affecting infants and children, this cancer has the worst prognosis of the medulloblastoma group. Current treatments use surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy to afflict the cancer, however no cure has been found. This project aims to model one of the many pathways being investigated in Group 3 medulloblastoma which may be used to synthesize future treatments. Specifically, showing the interconnections between various precursors of BCL-xL, an antiapoptotic protein, and how these factors influence the progression of the disease. Scientific databases were used to find previous research articles which were analyzed for qualitative and quantitative information. In silico modeling and simulation of biochemical processes were performed by CellDesigner and COPASI, respectively. These methods were used to represent and quantify the overall pathway. It was found that BCL-xL inhibits the formation of the BAX pore and is modulated by NRL and its precursors OTX2 and CRX as well as the IL-6 pathway. This project shows that increased concentrations of intracellular OTX2, NRL, CRX, and IL-6 lead to increased BCL-xL concentrations and promote BCL-xL binding with the BAX pore subunits, inhibiting apoptosis. This pathway supports previous hypotheses for Group 3 medulloblastoma cancer cell progression by modeling the biochemical pathway that prevents cell death. Interestingly, an external factor that has been found to possibly influence this pathway is maternal diet. Lastly, potential treatments that aim at shunting the progression of the pathway by inhibiting precursors to the antiapoptotic protein BCL-xL were discussed.NeuroscienceBachelors of Science (BS
A Call for Policy Research in School-based Counseling: Editors’ Perspective on the Past, Present, and Future of JSCPE
No full textThe Journal of School-Based Counseling Policy and Evaluation (JSCPE) serves as a dedicated platform for advancing the field of school-based counseling on a global scale. This editorial article provides an overview of the journal's origins, mission, and achievements, highlighting its role in bridging policy and evaluation research within diverse educational settings. The article also discusses JSCPE’s core focus on policy research, emphasizing the need for pragmatic, action-oriented studies that inform decision-making in schools. Significant figures in the journal’s founding are acknowledged for their contributions, shaping JSCPE as an accessible, scholarly resource for a diverse readership. Current initiatives include increased accessibility, diversified content, and strategic editorial restructuring. Looking to the future, JSCPE aims to deepen its international reach and establish new publishing frameworks to further support school-based counseling globally. A call to action encourages readers and contributors to collaborate in advancing effective policies and practices, reinforcing JSCPE’s commitment to the development of inclusive and impactful school-based counseling research
Organización Barrial Tupac Amaru: Indigenism as a Strategy for Cultural, Economic, and Social Inclusion in Argentina
No full textThis study provides a historical development of Organización Barrial Tupac Amaru from 1999-2016 and explores how the goals of indigenism as an ideology influenced how the group operated before the arrest of their leader in 2016. This project uses the Wayback Machine and YouTube videos as the means to analyze Tupac Amaru revealing alternatives in studying repressed groups.HistoryBachelors of Arts (BA
What’s Next: Historically White Sorority Chapter Officers’ Response to 2020 Racial Events
No full textThe racial events of the summer of 2020 left many searching for answers regarding racial equity. This critical phenomenological qualitative study examines how chapter officers perceived the summer 2020 racial events that influenced their leadership regarding race and racism in their historically White sorority. The study findings revealed that the racial events catalyzed the chapter officers’ self-reflections, navigation of racial organization climate, and leading chapter reflection and education. These findings have important implications for practice and scholarship supporting chapter officers’ racial consciousness leadership development
Evaluating Environmental Enrichment as a Preventative Treatment in a Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Model of Alzheimer's Disease
No full textAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to several cognitive deficits, including impairments in spatial memory (Alzheimer’s Association, “What is Alzheimer’s Disease?,” 2024). This is thought to occur due to atrophy in the hippocampus and cholinergic system (Ferreira-Vieira et al., 2016). Acetylcholine receptor antagonists, such as scopolamine, can mimic the effects of AD by decreasing acetylcholine activity at muscarinic receptors in the hippocampus. Scopolamine is an antiemetic that is FDA approved to treat certain kinds of nausea, but it has become a popular pharmacological model for studying the cognitive impairments associated with AD (Bajo et al., 2015). While efforts are being made to find new treatments and drug therapies for AD, it seems that little progress will be made until its complex etiology and pathophysiology is understood. In the meantime, researchers have started to look at preventative treatments, such as enriching the environment, to minimize the effects of known risk factors (Leshner et al., 2017). The present study analyzed whether zebrafish (Danio rerio) with cognitive impairments (induced by scopolamine) are able to demonstrate spatial memory after being raised in an enriched environment prior to drug administration. This was a two-by-two study with the variables being environment (enriched, impoverished) and drug (scopolamine, water). The fish were tested in a Y-maze that assessed spatial alternation, response alternation, and response repetition. The results indicated that there were no differences between groups, and that the zebrafish did not show spatial or response alternation, demonstrating that spatial memory is not in use. The zebrafish showed a slight preference towards response repetition, which is another indication towards a lack of spatial memory.NeuroscienceBachelors of Science (BS
Reef Restoration Reconnaissance
No full textGrades: 9-12. Subjects: Life Science Gauge the success or failure of restored oyster reefs by collecting and interpreting ecological data from oyster samples and aerial images.Virginia Institute of Marine Scienc
“Thirsteth for the Blood of America”: Propaganda and Violence during the American Revolution
No full textExcerpt from paper: "On December 14, 1763, a group of discontented farmers from the Pennsylvania frontier, called the Paxton Boys, arrived at Conestoga Manor in Lancaster County. The Paxton Boys were Scots-Irish Presbyterians who aimed to take over a Quaker colony. The group of farmers murdered six peaceful Conestoga Indians who were under the long-standing protection of the colonial Pennsylvania government. After the initial attack, Pennsylvania’s government placed the remaining Conestoga in a Lancaster jailhouse for their supposed protection. The Paxton Boys then traveled to Lancaster and slaughtered fourteen more Conestoga peoples. These murderous and militant frontiersmen claimed that the Conestoga Indians had supplied Native tribes fighting in Pontiac’s Rebellion, a pan-Indian conflict from 1763 to 1766 to remove British colonists from Indian territories. 1 After the second attack, surviving Conestoga Indians sought refuge in Philadelphia, hoping for protection from the Pennsylvania government. When the Paxton Boys heard about this move, they marched on Philadelphia, planning to attack the jail and kill the remaining Conestoga and Moravian Indians. 2 To avoid further massacre and bloodshed, Pennsylvania officials met the Paxton Boys in Germantown and struck a deal with them, preventing them from entering the city. 3..."Histor
GIS Data: 2024 Shoreline Management Model - City of Hampton
No full textIn 2011, the Virginia General Assembly adopted a policy into law that specifies living shorelines as the preferred management practice for erosion control in Virginia waters. The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has been developing tools for many years to guide local governments in shoreline management. In particular, they have focused on the use of ecologically preferred alternatives for erosion control and have conducted research into refining the appropriate uses for a large suite of possible treatments based on existing shoreline conditions. A series of Decision Trees were developed to determine shoreline best management practices (BMPs) when conducting onsite inspections. These were developed to support integrated guidance at the management and regulatory level. This body of work has been expanded and re-developed as a GIS spatial model known as the Shoreline Management Model (SMM) to determine appropriate shoreline BMPs from the desktop using available spatial data and the decision tree logic. The assessment is conducted at a parcel level scale, but the output represents a reach-based or cumulative approach to shoreline management. In 2023, CCRM began an update of the SMM. Version 6.0 continues to use fetch, nearshore bathymetry, bank height, marsh presence, beach presence, presence of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), roads and permanent structures within the riparian zone, and existing shoreline erosion control structures. To enhance the model’s capabilities for evaluating best management practices and determining where erosion control practices may impact ecologically sensitive areas, version 6.0 adds wave energy, federal navigation channels, presence of RTE species via predicted suitable habitat, bank slope, and narrow creeks. Most appropriate for desktop reviews, regulatory compliance, and comprehensive planning, the recommendations derived from the SMM may be altered due to lot size, shoreline length along a single parcel, proximity of primary buildings to the shoreline, type of existing erosion control structures, land use practices, and local biota. The SMM v.6.0 also includes a module that identifies suitable areas for oyster structure placement, which can provide erosion control and habitat enhancement benefits.Virginia Institute of Marine Scienc