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Shaping research in marine functional connectivity for integrated and effective marine science and management
Get PDFEffective knowledge of ecological connectivity at sea and at the land–sea interface is key to supporting global policy goalsto conserve and restore ocean biodiversity and function. However, a persistent lack of commonality in terminology andunderstanding around the concept of connectivity in marine ecological studies hampers its integration across disciplines,and its application in spatial planning and policy. Building on an extensive literature review, we clarify definitions and subcategories of marine connectivity, and propose a unified conceptual framework for Marine Functional Connectivity(MFC) research to support the integration of multidisciplinary scientific knowledge into management and policy. Weidentify key challenges and future directions for advancing this emerging field, bringing together most strands of marinescience to understand changes in biodiversity and functional interdependencies between habitats and regions. Embed-ding this new integrated MFC research at the core of marine environmental science promises to improve significantlypredictions of environmental and socio-economic change and the sustainable use of ecosystems and resources at seaand at the land–sea interface
Ferroelectric fluids for nonlinear photonics: evaluation of temperature dependence of second-order susceptibilities
Get PDFFerroelectric nematic fluids are promising materials for tunable nonlinear photonics, with applications ranging from second harmonic generation to sources of entangled photons. However, the few reported values of second-order susceptibilities vary widely depending on the molecular architecture. Here, we systematically measure second-order NLO susceptibilities of five different materials that exhibit the ferroelectric nematic phase, as well as the more recently discovered layered smectic A ferroelectric phase. The materials investigated include archetypal molecular architectures as well as mixtures showing room-temperature ferroelectric phases. The measured values, which range from 0.3 to 20 pm V−1, are here reasonably predicted by combining calculations of molecular-level hyperpolarizabilities and a simple nematic potential, highlighting the opportunities of modelling-assisted design for enhanced NLO ferroelectric fluids
The impact of chronic pelvic pain on women\u27s quality of life
Get PDFKronična pelvična bolečina prizade-ne med 5,7 % in 26,6 % žensk ter vpliva na različne vidike njihovega življenja. Namen sistematičnega pregleda literature je opredeliti dejavnike, ki vplivajo na kakovost življenja žensk s kronično pelvično bole-čino, ter izpostaviti ključna področja, na katera bole-čina vpliva. Literaturo smo iskali v mednarodnih po-datkovnih bazah CINAHL ultimate, ScienceDirect in MEDLINE, z uporabo ključnih besed: chronic pelvic pain AND women, women chronic pelvic pain AND quality of life, chronic pelvic pain AND gynecology, chronic pelvic pain AND holistic care. V pregled je bilo vključenih 11 znanstvenih člankov, objavljenih po letu 2018. Na podlagi tematske analize smo ob-likovali štiri vsebinske sklope: dejavniki, ki vplivajo na kakovost življenja žensk s kronično pelvično bo-lečinovpliv kronične pelvične bolečine na telesno zdravje in kakovost življenjavpliv kronične pelvične bolečine na duševno zdravje in kakovost življenjavpliv kronične pelvične bolečine na medosebne odno-se. Naše ugotovitve kažejo, da kronična pelvična bo-lečina pomembno zmanjšuje kakovost življenja žensk ter vpliva na njihovo telesno in duševno zdravje ter socialno delovanje. Zdravstveni delavci moramo kro-nično pelvično bolečino obravnavati kot večdimen-zionalni pojav in pri tem slediti biopsihosocialnemu modelu zdravjaChronic pelvic pain affects between 5.7% and 26.6% of women and interferes with vario-us aspects of women’s lives. The aim of the systematic literature review is to identify factors that affect the quality of life of women with chronic pelvic pain and to highlight the key areas affected by the pain. We searched the literature in the international databa-ses CINAHL ultimate, ScienceDirect and MEDLINE using the following keywords: chronic pelvic pain AND women, women chronic pelvic pain AND qu-ality of life, chronic pelvic pain AND gynaecology, chronic pelvic pain AND holistic care. The review in-cluded 11 scientific articles published after 2018. Ba-sed on the thematic analysis, we formed four content groups: factors affecting the quality of life of women with chronic pelvic painthe impact of chronic pelvic pain on physical health and quality of lifethe impact of chronic pelvic pain on mental health and quality of lifethe impact of chronic pelvic pain on interper-sonal relationships. Our results show that chronic pelvic pain has an impact on women’s quality of life, affecting their physical and mental health as well as their social functioning. Healthcare professionals need to treat chronic pelvic pain as a multidimensio-nal phenomenon and be guided by the biopsychosoci-al model of healt
Splicing and frameshift variants in QSER1 may be involved in developmental phenotypes
Get PDFHuman development is a complex process that requires precise control of gene expression through regulatory proteins. Recently, heterozygous variants in PRR12, encoding a proline-rich regulatory protein, were found to cause a variable phenotype involving developmental delay/cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric diagnoses, structural eye anomalies, congenital heart and kidney defects, and poor growth. QSER1, encoding glutamine- and serine-rich protein 1, represents a paralog of PRR12 that shares 28% overall identity at the protein level and stronger conservation (43%) in the C-terminal region. QSER1 deficiency in human embryonic stem cells causes hypermethylation of many key transcription factor genes, implicating it in the development of multiple organs. Here, we present three unrelated individuals with neurodevelopmental phenotypes, variable other multisystem anomalies, and heterozygous variants in QSER1. This includes two novel de novo frameshift alleles (p.(Lys1565Argfs∗36) and p.(Phe896fs∗28)) and one ultra-rare canonical splice site variant resulting in a combination of abnormal transcripts, frameshift (p.(Glu1393Glyfs∗26)), and in-frame deletion of a conserved amino acid (p.(Glu1393del)), supported by in silico predictions and minigene assays. In situ hybridization revealed dynamic and broad expression of qser1 in zebrafish embryos, including a strong presence in the developing brain. These data suggest a possible role for QSER1/qser1 in vertebrate development and human disease
TALIS 2024
Get PDFPoročilo predstavlja rezultate mednarodne raziskave TALIS 2024, ki jo izvaja Organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj (OECD). Osredotoča se na poučevanje in učenje v Sloveniji v primerjavi z drugimi izobraževalnimi sistemi, z empiričnimi podatki o učiteljih in ravnateljih na ravneh ISCED 1, 2 in 3 (prvo in drugo vzgojno-izobraževalno obdobje osnovne šole, tretje vzgojno-izobraževalno obdobje osnovne šole ter srednje šole). Podatki so zbrani anonimno in analizirani z uporabo reprezentativnih vzorcev, z mednarodnimi primerjavami in trendi od leta 2018. Dokument vključuje preglednice, prikaze in vire, namenjen pa je raziskovalcem, političnim odločevalcem ter strokovni javnosti
An open-label randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy and safety of a 7-day triple therapy with bismuth versus 14-day standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children and adolescents
Get PDFBackground: To achieve eradication rates > 90%, the ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN guidelines for pediatric Helicobacter pylori in-fection recommend tailored antimicrobial therapy using sufficiently high doses over 10–14 days. However, prolonged treatmentoften leads to suboptimal compliance in children, which is a major contributor to reduced eradication rates. To address this, weevaluated the efficacy and safety of a shorter, 7 day triple therapy with bismuth compared with the 14 day standard triple therapywithout bismuth in H. pylori infected children.Materials and Methods: From 2020 to 2024, we carried out a randomized controlled trial involving treatment-naïve childrenand adolescents (5–18 years old) with confirmed H. pylori infection. Eligible participants were randomly allocated to receiveeither a 7 day triple therapy with bismuth (bismuth subcitrate, a proton pump inhibitor [PPI], amoxicillin, plus clarithromycin/metronidazole) or a 14 day standard triple therapy (a PPI, amoxicillin, plus clarithromycin/metronidazole) without bismuth. Twomonths after completing therapy, treatment success was determined using either a two-step monoclonal stool antigen assay or aurea breath test. Any adverse events were documented using a structured questionnaire.Results: Seventy-three children were enrolled in the study. In the intention-to-treat analysis, eradication was achieved in 91%of children treated with the 7 day triple therapy with bismuth and 87% of those receiving the 14 day standard triple therapy(p = 0.695). Per-protocol eradication rates were 94% and 87%, respectively (p = 0.418). No serious adverse events were reported,and most adverse events were mild to moderate. A metallic taste was significantly more frequent in the 14 day standard tripletherapy group, while other adverse events occurred with similar frequency.Conclusions: Adding bismuth to a 7 day triple regimen achieved high eradication rates and a safety profile similar to 14 daystandard triple therapy, supporting its use as an effective and safe treatment option for pediatric H. pylori infection
