International Journal of Applied Arts Studies (IJAPAS)
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Examining the Components of Teaching Creativity in Architecture with an Emphasis on Semiotics
Full text linkThe design process is a set of steps that a designer goes through consciously and unconsciously to achieve a solution to the design problem. What is more important than the design itself is the design process. The goal of a design is to achieve creativity that shows itself in a specific spatial or physical composition. By applying the science of semiotics in design, creativity can be increased in people and people's mental schemas can be strengthened to remember different spaces in people. This research aims to extract and categorize design education components based on semiotic opinions. The methodology is a combination of qualitative and quantitative nested types with quantitative analysis units. In the qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews were used to identify the variables after extracting the concepts, to conduct interviews to clarify the components of the theoretical field effective in design education, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 experts in this field. The results are entered into the ATLASTI version 9.1 software for ease of doing the work. The components were extracted and based on them, a questionnaire with a Likert scale was compiled and distributed among 384 architecture students. The data are analyzed in ORIGINPRO software version 9.9.0.225. The results show that the components of training to observe the principle of holistic view and training to create spatial levels with a value of (1.000) have the highest factor contribution and the least related to the use of different types of light with a value of 0.331
Evaluation of the Existing Geometric Proportions in the Beauty of Historical Bridges of East Azerbaijan from Safavid to Pahlavi
Full text linkThe role of proportions in architecture is undeniable throughout history, and the researcher has succeeded in introducing a proportional evaluation system with 11 stages and 9 proportional systems including: basic and multiple modules, proportions The golden rectangle, golden spiral, circles following the ratio of 1:618/1, Platonic rectangle, radical ratios, golden ratio, Le Corbusier's modular system and the proportions of Caen and Shako have been analyzed proportionally. This research has been carried out with the aim of extracting and classifying the existing geometric proportions in the selected bridges from the Safavid to Pahlavi periods, as well as classifying and prioritizing them. The causal-comparative research method and the strategy of answering the comparative question, which are scored based on the relevant observations and based on the observation of the extraction package and the visible items, are then entered into the SIGMAPLOT software to check the factor contribution and present the regression relationship. The linear regression relationship Y=ax+b is presented. The observations are collaborative and with the approach of compiling a balance sheet, and the sampling of bridges is targeted and with entry and exit criteria. The results show that the greatest role in creating the beauty of the selected bridges of East Azerbaijan is the golden ratio with a value of (1.000) and the least is related to Le Corbusier's modular with a value of (0.195)
Comparison of Geometrical Proportions in the Tomb Monuments of the Contemporary Period with an Emphasis on Various Systems of Global Proportions
Full text linkThroughout history, in order to honor and record valuable events such as themes, conquests, events and personalities, monuments were formed that have a meaning in their heart. These buildings have been influenced by various factors. Paying attention to the body and also the physical form to engage the senses of the visitors has been a main pillar in the design of such buildings. One of the ways to create brevity in such buildings is the use of geometry and the use of proportional systems to create pleasure and a pleasant feeling in the audience. This research, using causal-comparison method and using the tool of collecting questionnaires, seeks to see how much proportional systems have been used in the design of the overall form and its components from each of the mentioned and selected monuments. have used, the range of measurement is selected with the preference system and with the opinions of thinkers, and the people to be measured include space users and users who are selected by random sampling with a number of 384 people according to Morgan's table. JMPSAS16 software is used for ease of numerical and graphical analysis. The results show that the largest factor contribution in the application of geometric proportions in the components and overall design is related to radical ratios with the value of (1.000) for the components and (0.905) for the overall design, and the lowest is related to Ken and Shako with the value (0.167) for components and (0.195) for the overall plan. The important point is that the platonic rectangle with the value of (0.915) for the components and (0.914) for the general plan has a high factor share, but due to the lack of significance for both parts, the results of attention to it are not reliable
Modeling the Effects of Enclosure Components in Ekbatan and Ati Saz Residential Complexes
Full text linkExamining the physical-perceptual structure of architecture creates a context for users to understand the goals and meaning of architecture by being in the space, on the other hand, it creates the precise proportions of the spatial body, in which meanings can be understood. Movement in space, both internal and external, which is created by the presence of the body, deepens the users' understanding of architecture. Functional body structure also refers to the activities that take place inside the space and means a proportional body that creates a suitable space for certain activities. This research is of a nested combination of qualitative and quantitative to extract components and dimensions after a semi-structured interview and then from PN modeling for the degree of factor effect and comparing the component effect system as well as the matrix. Correlation sampling is used for the snowball system interview, and in the quantitative stage, the upper limit of the Morgan table is used. The facilitating software’s are ATLASTI8 and JMPSAS17. The results show that access coherence, user coherence and environmental coherence have the highest dimension and a larger factor contribution that has significant relationships, but coherence in creating security despite the influence coefficient of Bal has a significant relationship. does not have Coherence in municipal laws has a larger factor share than the first three cases, but it has a less significant amount. In general, based on the scope of the effect of the components of confinement and also its focus, it shows the continuity of the relationship between the components. Based on the relational correlation, it is determined that each dimension has a relationship with the other two dimensions and can be predicted, and the third dimension, which will be added to the blue color, has far less predictability than them. It is important to pay attention to the dimension of cohesion in both sets, which has no predictability based on other dimensions and has acted separately and should be considered in the first stage for planning and design. In general, the dimensions of confinement in the collection of Ati Saz and Ekbatan have a correlation of 0.772 in the way of application
Explaining the Components of Western Architecture on the Physical Design of Tall Residential Buildings in Tehran from the 1961s to the 2010s
Full text linkTall residential buildings as a demographic solution for vertical development and creating diverse housing were a response to population growth in cities that arose following modern Western architecture. This research is aimed at extracting the components of the western intellectual trends after entering Iran and shaping the Tall residential buildings. The question of this research is, which are the components of western architecture that are effective in the physical design of Tall residential buildings and which of them is more effective in their formation. As a result, the research method is a kind of quantitative and qualitative research and used a mixed qualitative and quantitative method to explain the components of western architecture on the physical design of Tall residential buildings after the Islamic revolution. To extract the components, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 46 people. The results are entered into ATLASTI software and have been subjected to data reduction with coding. At the end, the results of the components were extracted and compiled in the form of a questionnaire and provided to 384 space users. Then the data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics in JMPSAS software. The results of the research show that in the group of designers, the highest factor share is related to late modern architecture with a value of (0.955) and the lowest factor share is related to deconstruction architecture with a value of (0.121). In the group of users of deconstruction architecture, with a value of (0.225), the lowest factor share is related to postmodern architecture with a value of (0.923)
Explaining the Pragnanz of the Application of the Principles of Visual Perception of the Gestalt Theory in the Re-Reading Historical Houses of Yazd in the Qajar Period
Full text linkGestalt theory is one of the most influential theories in art and architecture, which focuses the process of visual perception on a unified view and integrity of the art work. Due to the alignment of the goal of visual communication and lasting effectiveness on the mind, the application of these principles is essential in architectural design. On the other hand, the traditional houses of Yazd during the Qajar period are considered to be among the most lasting architectural works of Iran, which apparently have no purpose other than lasting effectiveness in mind. In this regard, with the aim of studying the characteristics and visual perception, how to apply the laws of Gestalt visual perception in the historical houses of Yazd, to discover the quality of the impact of the laws of Gestalt visual perception on the houses and their capabilities in creating useful communication, as well as to investigate the significance of each principle of Gestalt. In order to analyze case samples, the descriptive-analytical method of Gestalt laws was used. The research method is a theory test based on 10 examples of traditional houses in Yazd during the Qajar period, which are among the most important houses, including the Golshan house, the Lari houses (Gholamohsin), the Lari houses (Ahmed), Mortaz, Rasoulian, Heiran, Farhangi and Mozafari, Ulumi houses, and Sigari Akhavan. Based on the prevalence of Gestalt principles, this research examines the role of visual perception features in the historical houses of Yazd with principles of similarity, proximity, symmetry, form and context, continuity, dependence, surface, overlapping, restoration, closure and experience, as re-reading the historical houses architecture of Yazd in the Qajar period according to the Gestalt theory of visual perception
Architectural, Structural and Decorative Pattern of Schools in Yazd During the Muzaffarid Period Based on the Existing Cases (14th Century AD)
Full text linkNo studies have thoroughly examined the Yazd Style of Historic Architecture. This architectural style was during the Atabakan and Muzaffarid eras in the 12th to 14th centuries AD. Although the short reign of the Muzaffarid dynasty, significant events and innovations occurred, in central Iran. This dynasty’s legacy in Yazd includes a variety of buildings like seminaries, mosques, monasteries, bazaars, and numerous qanats that influenced later architecture. Public buildings from the Muzaffarid era in Yazd comprised seminaries and scientific schools. Many of these structures have been lost over time, and there is a lack of research to understand their architectural patterns. This study aims to analyze the architectural patterns of Muzaffarid schools in Yazd from “structural-physical,” “construction technology,” and “decoration” perspectives. It uses a descriptive-analytical method, referencing historical sources and field observations of the remaining Muzaffarid-era sites in Yazd. Due to the limited surviving examples, this research focuses on seven schools: Ziaieh, Kamalieh, Rukniyah, Shamsieh, Hoseinian, Khanzadeh, and Shah Abolqasem. The findings reveal that despite the brief Muzaffarid era and internal conflicts, there was sustained civil, cultural, and social activity, which protected the architectural legacy from the post-Mongol invasion. The schools’ architectural patterns show a significant influence from the period’s cultural and social context, favoring balance and symmetry, often with domes and durable decorations. Use of various applied geometry in design, especially in Shamsieh and Rukniyah seminaries, underscores the attention from Muzaffarid rulers and architects. Thus, despite the political instability, the balanced approach ensured continuous activity in about hundred schools, setting a subsequent model construction.
 
The Role of the Environmental Components of the Corridors of Educational Spaces in Increasing the Design Learning of Architecture Students
Full text linkThe role of architectural education environment in teaching and learning is important in terms of improving the quality of education. Informal education, as an important part of education, often takes place in spaces outside the studio. Corridors, especially on the way to the studio, can be effective on students' design thinking in many ways, one of them is to increase the visual experience. which can be effective in the design process. The importance of place in education is considered as one of the dimensions of the hidden curriculum. This research is done with the aim of knowing the environmental components in educational corridors and knowing the effects of each of them. The mixed research method is nested qualitative in quantitative. In the qualitative phase, components from semi-structured interviews with university professors are conducted in the educational environment, then the components are categorized and extracted using the open and central coding system in ATLASTI software, then in the next phase, based on the components A questionnaire with a Likert scale is compiled and provided to students. The results are entered into the JMPSAS16 software and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that in the spatial dimension, the attractiveness component with the coefficient of determination (0.213) has the least contribution to students' learning, and the most related to the static space component. and movement with a value of (0.872) in the functional dimension of supporting activities with a value of (1.000) has the largest contribution to students' learning and the least is related to the type of furniture in the corridor with a coefficient of determination of (0.224) In the physical dimension, the bulletin board component with a value of (0.132) has the least effect on learning, and the dimensions of the corridors with a value of (0.952) have the greatest contribution to students' learning
The Effect of the Shape of Curved Ceilings on Sound Quality, Sunlight, and Heat Absorption in Lecture Halls
Full text linkArchitects' most essential design concern from the past to the present is the geometry of the ceiling form. By analyzing the geometry of various curved ceiling forms, one can find a suitable form in terms of heat absorption, sunlight, and sound quality. The geometry of the form is directly affected by the amount of volume, surface area (ratio of span ratio to height), and the equation of fit of its curve. This study examines the types of curved ceilings based on form geometry in terms of sound quality and sunlight. The main question is what effect does the geometry of the curved ceiling types have on sound quality, amount of sunlight, and heat absorption? The present study investigates Reverberation time, speech transfer index, speech clarity, amount of sunlight, and shading of the speech space in different arcs based on the equations of curve fitting and body shape. Each selected sample is drawn algorithmically in Grasshopper and using Odeon for acoustic simulation and Grasshopper to simulate the absorption of radiant energy of sunlight and the amount of shading and using the Energy Plus, Ladybug plugin. Descriptive analysis of forms with scatter matrix diagram and correlation coefficient analysis between architectural, acoustic, and sunlight variables were performed by Pearson method with SPSS22. The analysis shows that by increasing the amount of area, volume and slope of the curve, it reduces the quality of reverberation time and the speech transmission index, and increases the amount of shade performance, sunlight and shade absorption
The Role of Age in Understanding the Components of Tradition and Modernism in University Buildings in Tehran
Full text linkTradition and modernism as a concept also follow the same thing, but there may be differences in the effect of each indicator due to the difference of groups in the type of view of the past and the future. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the components of the modernism tradition in the age groups (20-30), (30-40), (40-50) and (50-60). For this purpose, first, the components in the tradition of modernism are extracted from the review literature. Then to verify them, Kendall's w coefficient is used. In the next step, a questionnaire based on the Likert scale is distributed among space users. The research method in this research is a qualitative and quantitative combination. The results show that among the age groups of 20-30 and 30-40, the correlation drops to an incredible extent, which can almost be said that they do not fully explain each other's behavior. In the age groups of 20-30 and 50-60, the correlation value is low. In the age group of 30-40 and 40-50, the correlation value is low. In the age group of 30-40 and 50-60, the value of correlations has increased slightly. But the correlation between the indices of tradition and modernism obtained in the age groups of 40-50 and 60-50 is high. According to the fit obtained from the step-by-step regression model of age groups, due to the increase in data, only age groups (50-60 and 50-40) and (20-30 and 40-30) can predict each other