Prizren Social Science Journal
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DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH AFRICA FROM 1994 TO 2018
Full text linkThis paper applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to analyse the long-run and short-run determinants of agricultural productivity growth in South Africa. The regressor variables are labour, fertilizer, agricultural land, and government expenditure in agriculture regressed against agricultural total factor productivity. In the long-run, agricultural land and government expenditure had a positive relationship with agricultural productivity while labour produced negative results. In the short-run period, only government expenditure had a significant effect on agricultural productivity. Pertaining to the paper’s results it is recommended that the government effectively spend money on redistributing land equitably among South African farmers to bridge the gap between smallholder farmers and commercial farmers. This will curb the inefficiency of labour on farms caused by the dualistic structure of the agricultural sector. Spending more on increasing agricultural land to make labour efficient will have a net positive effect on agricultural productivity growth in South Africa
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE GLOBAL AND SOUTH AFRICAN ORANGE INDUSTRY: COMPETITIVE CONDITIONS AND MARKET DYNAMICS
Full text linkThis systematic review analyzes the global and South African orange industries, with a focus on their competitive landscape and market dynamics. Oranges, which were initially cultivated in the Himalayan foothills, have evolved into the most widely produced fruit globally, characterized by significant production and export volumes. Employing a systematic literature review methodology, this study consolidates findings from research conducted between 2000 and 2023, highlighting challenges such as disease outbreaks, climate change, market regulations, and the increasing significance of sustainability in consumer preferences. The analysis identifies North America, particularly the United States, as the leader in the global orange market, while the Asia Pacific region demonstrates a rising demand for orange juice. South Africa, which boasts a rich citrus heritage dating back to 1654, exports the majority of its orange production but confronts challenges related to compliance with international standards and intensifying global competition. The review assesses critical factors influencing the industry, including the utilization of natural resources, regulatory frameworks, and government support. The findings underscore the necessity for innovative strategies and sustainable practices to sustain competitiveness. The study concludes with practical recommendations for stakeholders, advocating for enhanced research and development, improved disease management, and diversification into value-added products to meet evolving market demands. This review offers valuable insights for policymakers, industry participants, and researchers seeking to promote resilience and growth within the orange sector
A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 'CODE WHITE' REPORTING IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ON THE EXTENT OF VIOLENCE IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS
Full text linkThe objective of this study was to examine and contrast the incidence of violence reported by White Code in a university hospital in Turkey and to analyse the phenomenon of workplace violence in terms of related variables.
The study included 477 cases of violence against health workers reported between 2018 and 2023. The data were collected using a complete census method. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test were employed for the statistical evaluation.
Results: The majority of those subjected to violence were doctors (69.6%). The emergency services were the setting in which violence was encountered most frequently (51.6%). It was observed that physicians were exposed to verbal violence more than other occupational groups. There was a difference between years according to the type of violence, and violence was mostly caused by miscommunication. Consequently, it would be beneficial to adopt a multidisciplinary approach to the evaluation of the consequences of violence on healthcare professionals
PROACTIVE APPROACH IN TAX RISK MANAGEMENT: DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFY HIGH-RISK TAXPAYERS
Full text linkThere is a transition from labour-intensive traditional methods to the use of technology-intensive systems to identify risky taxpayers in tax audits. With this process, which has been accelerating for decades, statistical models that will reduce tax loss and evasion of states and increase efficiency in collection have been diversified in the field of machine learning. While innovations in software programs with digitalisation transformation reduce the manual workload of the tax administration, machine learning algorithms are used with experts employed in the field in continuously developing risk analysis studies. For tax administrations that fall behind these developments, the identification of high-risk taxpayers, the effectiveness of collection, and tax compliance are becoming more difficult to audit in the context of rapidly increasing global data.
The influence of a country's distinctive historical, economic, and sociological characteristics is a significant determinant of taxpayer behaviour. Establishing relationships across taxpayer characteristics and classifying behaviours in the tax risk management process affects the success of tax scenarios. Although, the work of experts in traditional methods and data analysis in auditing is limited, the effectiveness of data mining methods and the combination of the results obtained with tax scenarios approach the desired accuracy rate in risk detection. For this reason, it is observed that different methods are tested in experimental studies since a single technique that audits all business records cannot be sufficient and reliable. This study elucidates the deployment of information technology and digital tools in tax risk management, with consideration of the nuances inherent to the diverse national contexts.
CHALLENGES OF THE IMPLEMENTING THE AFRICA AGENDA 2063: A SYNOPSIS
Full text linkThis article investigates the implementation and practicality of the Africa 2063 agenda, which is seen as Africa's roadmap and grand plan for transforming Africa into a future global superpower. Agenda 2063 includes not just Africa's Future Aspirations, but also critical Flagship Programs that may increase Africa's economic development and growth while also contributing to the continent's rapid change. The African continent is rife with problems that both current and previous governments have failed to solve. To mention a few, these issues include poverty, malnutrition, bad health care systems, low living standards, poor infrastructure, political instability, and weak economies characterized by low economic development. It cannot be contested that the Africa 2063 agenda is a critical strategy embraced by African Leaders to build a better Africa for its residents, and if executed effectively and efficiently, it has the potential to alter the African continent
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF MENTORS OBSERVATION FEEDBACK ON POSTGRADUATE PRESERVICE TEACHERS’ DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to explore the impact of mentors observation feedback on postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE) pre-service teachers’ development of the necessary competencies. The study which was qualitative in nature generated its data from 32 PGCE pre-service teachers using semi-structured interview protocol and this was analysed thematically. The findings of the study revealed that, the application of Hagger and Mclntyre’s theory of modelling, practice and feedback highlighted the positive impact of mentor-teacher observation feedback on PGCE pre-service teachers development of the necessary competencies required of a professional educator. The competencies revealed include lesson preparation and planning, pedagogical and content delivery techniques, classroom management promotion of inclusivity in the classroom, and grounding in disciplinary content knowledge among others. It was concluded that mentor-teacher observation feedback has the potential to improve and impact on pre-service teachers’ development of the necessary competencies required of a professional educator
AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING MATERIALS DESIGN FOR PROMOTING AUTHENTIC COMMUNICATION IN UNDERGARDUATE BUSINESS ENGLISH COURSES AT SEEU
Full text linkBusiness English coursebooks undoubtedly offer structure and provide the necessary frame for students to rely upon, however, a pitfall to be avoided is blind, uncritical and unselective overreliance on them. The idea behind this paper is not to entirely banish ESP for Business coursebooks but to supplement them substantially with authentic written, audio and video materials tailored to students’ immediate and future needs.
This paper advocates incorporating new approaches and practises in materials design and selection. When intended to be used with inexperienced students, business English teaching materials play a major role in introducing students to the real world of business, in addition to equipping students with the necessary business related vocabulary and the most frequently used grammar structures.
This paper also summarizes the findings of a student survey on the extent to which the business English teaching materials used at SEEU incorporate the essential features of real-world business communication
A DISCOURSE OF CRITICISM OF AGE/ART TENDING TOWARDS PESSIMISM: CYBERPUNK
Full text linkBilim kurgunun edebiyattaki yansıması ilk olarak ütopya (ışık dünyası), ardından distopya (karanlık dünya) konulu metinlerde görülmeye başlamıştır. Yazarlar, bilimsel gelişmeler sonucu ortaya çıkan ürünlerin toplum üzerindeki yansımalarını bu metinler aracılığıyla göstermekte ve hayal güçleriyle bilimi aşarak metin düzeyinde yeni bilimsel etkinliklere örnek olabilecek taslak yapılar oluşturmaktadırlar. Çalışmamızın konusunu belirleme sürecinde bu metinlerde kısmen vücut bulan Siberpunk kavramı, distopik metinler üzerine yaptığımız saha çalışması sırasında dikkatimizi çekti. Bu kavramın daha çok distopik metinlerin içerik sarmalında kısmen yer aldığını ve alt başlığın belirli bir eleştirel yöntem çerçevesinde ele alınmadığını gözlemledik. Buradan yola çıkarak Siberpunk kavramının edebi söylem alanındaki eleştirel çerçevesini belirlemeyi hedefliyoruz
INVESTIGATING THE KEY LIMITATIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS INFLUENCING THE COMPETITIVE SUCCESS OF SOUTH AFRICA’S ORANGER EXPORTERS.
Full text linkThe objective of identifying constraining factors is to reveal that the key obstacles affecting the competitiveness of South Africa's domestic orange industry include issues such as the "quality of unskilled labor," "trust in the honesty of politicians," "electricity suppliers," "health," "South Africa’s land reform policy," "South Africa’s BEE policy," and "crime." Additionally, challenges related to the lack of quality infrastructure, bilateral agreements with trading countries, and poor performance of ports relative to their global counterparts have been identified. The constraining factors were ranked, with the top issues aligning closely with the industry's current challenges.
In contrast, enhancing factors play a crucial role in boosting industry competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. The key elements contributing positively include the availability of unskilled labor, local input suppliers, scientific research institutions, technological quality, the cost of unskilled labor, soil conditions, and the sustainability of local input suppliers. Attention to maintaining and improving these factors is crucial for the sustained competitiveness of the South African orange sector
EXPLORING FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER BELIEFS AND PRACTICES IN TURKEY: A CASE STUDY
Full text linkThis case study explores the relationship between an Italian as a foreign language teacher’s beliefs and online teaching practices in a tertiary education setting during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. Specifically, it aims to find out the teachers’ beliefs with regard to their professional identities, and their roles in foreign language teaching classrooms. Besides, it was discussed if the teachers’ beliefs concerning their role identities are related to their classroom practices. Data were collected over an academic term through one semi-structured interview and two observations conducted at beginning and at the end of the semester in order to see if there are any differences according to the professional roles of the instructor in the course of time depending on the learners’ enhanced Italian language competence. The findings of the study revealed that the instructor acted out as a manager, facilitator, input provider, motivator and a translator in two observations, showing a slight difference in degree of synchronous interaction among the instructor and the students with the printed text, video tape or Web site. The interview responses revealing the instructor’s beliefs were correlated with the roles observed in synchronous communication. This study is limited to the online foreign language classroom. It would be interesting to observe what other roles the teachers play in the face-to-face classroom. It may be suggested that the studies investigating those of teachers instructing foreign languages other than English may enlighten the research on teachers’ beliefs and their professional role identities and contribute to the professional development of foreign language teachers. Last but not least, for professional growth of pre-service foreign language teachers, preliminary studies on teacher cognition should be included in the curriculum of teaching practicum