Prizren Social Science Journal
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Reconstruction of the Diversion Concept in a Child Criminal Jurisdiction System Based on Dignified Justice
Full text linkThe renewal of the orientation of punishment for children in conflict with the law from a retributive justice approach to restorative justice is a good start for efforts to restore a victim-oriented situation by giving the perpetrator the opportunity to express his regret to the victim with the concept of diversion. However, not all cases of children are entitled to diversion. In accordance with Article 7 paragraph (2) of the SPPA Law, the requirement for diversion is a criminal act punishable by imprisonment of under 7 (seven) years and not a repetition of a criminal act. Meanwhile, criminal acts that are punishable by more than 7 (seven) years and repetition of criminal acts are not entitled to diversion. The concept of diversion and the terms of diversion are interpreted very narrowly so that they do not reflect dignified justice. The law cannot only regulate legal certainty. The law must provide a sense of justice with dignity and justice that humanize humans. This writing aims to determine the concept of diversion of the juvenile criminal justice system based on dignified justice. The type of research used is literature, the nature of this research is descriptive, the results of the research are the reconstruction of the concept of diversion based on dignified justice must be reconstructed by expanding the concept of diversion so that every child without exception has the right to get diversion
International Standards Regarding Protection of Children of Maltreatment
Full text linkChild abuse is protected by international law and acts and includes all types of physical, sexual and emotional abuse. Child abuse is a global problem with serious consequences throughout life, it is also a global problem with serious consequences for children and their families. In order to prevent this phenomenon, the awareness and consciousness of everyone (society, state) must be increased. Work on joint projects should include the UN, WHO, UNICEF, UNESCO, the EU and the CoE. Knowledge, legislation and ideas in protecting children's health belong to health and safety experts. The case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union obliges states to include in their legislation the protection of children from all forms of ill-treatment
Time Consumption and Productivity in Wood Extraction Using Traditional Cable Car
Full text linkForests are a very important component for the environment in Albania considering the fact that they occupy more than 36% of the country's surface. The evaluation of the working time consumption and productivity of the various sub-phases of wood extraction work, in a beech forest in Albania, with traditional methods and old equipment’s, was considered of interest in this study to highlight the weaknesses to be corrected. Considering the slope in our study site, a traditional cable car Austrian Type R-Gander (A 6832 SULZ) manufactured in 1985 was used for the extraction of timber. Trunks from a distance of 800 - 900 m were extracted using this equipment. The operating team consisted of 3 workers. 10 - 15 working days are required for the assembly and disassembly of the equipment. During the work performed, data regarding working times were collected, paying special attention to dead times, where avoidable times are high 61,0 %. The extracted volume was 31.46 m3, which corresponds to a weight of 41.82 t
The Impact of Sports Diplomacy on Improving Kosovo's International Image
Full text linkPublic diplomacy which is part of soft power is a branch of diplomacy which has recently taken place and importance in the agendas of large and small states. This segment of diplomacy includes a series of methods and maneuvers which bring positive results to the country it uses and promotes for its own interests. Sports diplomacy is an important dimension of a country's public diplomacy, which has an important and influential role. Different countries aim to use sports diplomacy in the most effective way in favor and profit of their country, and one of these countries is the state of Kosovo. During our work we have tried to present the impact of Kosovo sports diplomacy and its role in improving the international image. Through descriptive, comparative, analytical methods as well as through interviews we have tried to shed light on how much sports diplomacy has influenced the improvement of Kosovo's international image. With the method of interviews, we have interviewed 3 experts in sports diplomacy, and we have analyzed these interviews by implementing the comparison with materials and scientific facts which are related to public diplomacy, with an emphasis on sports diplomacy. In conclusion, we can say that sports diplomacy in Kosovo should be given great importance in order to achieve greater results. Kosovo and its competent institutions need to develop specific strategies and investments for its sports diplomacy
Trauma and Social Work in South Africa, Need for a Comprehensive Trauma Intervention Model for Social Workers
Full text linkA significant proportion of South Africans are exposed to traumatic life experiences annually. The trauma is exacerbated by high crime rate which ranges from murder, violence, house breaking and theft. The trauma victims end up in the hands of social workers who are ill prepared to deal with such clients. The motivation for this study was built on assessments that indicated at the time of the study that social work students in South Africa receive little or no training on trauma and trauma intervention. The purpose of this literature study was to draw together relevant knowledge on trauma in South Africa, trauma intervention and the importance of trauma intervention training for social workers in South Africa. Articles reviewed were identified through search engines such as Google Scholar, JSTOR, ProQuest, EBSCOHost, Boloka-NWU Institutional Repository (NWU-IR), Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science were the databases and search engines utilized in the search. The inclusion criteria that were used to help identify relevant and recent studies using key words regarding the topic of trauma, were chapters in books; conference proceedings; full-text journal articles and higher degree papers. The literature consulted exposes how South Africans are exposed to traumatic life events and provided a deeper understanding of the problem of trauma and trauma intervention. The literature study also clarified why it is critical to have a trauma intervention model for social workers in South Africa and provided guidelines for the development of the trauma intervention manual
The Ranking of the Western Balkan Countries According to the Degree of Globalization
Full text linkGlobalization does not have the same impact on countries, it acts differently in countries with different levels of political, economic, social and technological development. Its unequal distribution by region, country or community confirms that it is a complex and deeply asymmetric process. It is confirmed by numerous theories and debates that only explained and defined the phenomenon, but paid little attention to the complexity of globalization and measuring its extent. Empirical indicators can be used to measure the differences between the national and the international in different domains. In this way, it is possible to see to what extent the countries are globalized, i.e., to see the strong influence of globalization processes on the overall state of society. That is why a large number of countries try to use the processes of globalization to promote national interests and improve their position in international relations. Therefore, the analysis of the indexes of globalization will help us to understand with which components of national power the countries dominate on the regional and global scene.
The focus of the research is on the analysis of several globalization indexes that include the countries of the Western Balkan. Namely, the degree of globalization of countries is empirically analyzed through the prism of several different indicators that are constructed to measure the overall index of globalization, as well as to measure the political, economic and social dimension of globalization. The inclusion of a larger number of variables enables a more objective and accurate ranking of countries.
As the results of the globalization rating of the Western Balkan countries show, it is concluded that the processes of globalization greatly contribute to strengthening and improving cooperation between countries, intensify interdependence, affect Euro-Atlantic integration processes, stimulate economic growth and improve the situation in societies. However, according to the elaborated data, these countries are still in the phase of adjustment or “maturation”, therefore, they are in the category of partially globalized countries
Some Aspects of The Social Security System in The Republic of North Macedonia During Coronavirus Pandemic
Full text linkThe 2020 coronavirus pandemic has lead North Macedonia into a serious social and economic crisis. The paper discusses the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the formulation of the national social security policy and legal framework, in line with international standards based on human rights treaties. Crucial social security measures in the country particularly give the pressure on health protection, unemployment, family and child support.Â
The evaluation will focus on the adopted and new policy measures for social security. An important question is does the North Macedonian social security system is well established to protect workers from social risks during a pandemic. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some workers who lost jobs might rely on unemployment compensation. So, the focus of this paper is on the challenges of the social security system from large-scale disruptions such as COVID-19.Â
The paper ends with a summary of the main policy measures and an outlook where further research is needed. It concludes that during and after the pandemic the social security policy will be more important than ever
The Online Media Landscape in the Focus of Disinformation Campaigns in the Western Balkans: Albania, Kosova, and North Macedonia
Full text linkIn the conditions of a technological transformation of the media, professional credibility and reliability in information are fading due to the manipulative role that the media have taken. This paper, among other things, highlights exactly the editorial lines of the media, which do not build them on principles based on professional cause, but rather on the causes of political-media oligarchies. The fake news industry in the world is currently the most profitable product, and this is the most serious threat to democracies, which cannot be properly consolidated without a regulation in the dense "traffic" of online communication. In this industry Russia leads with its Sputnik, which has created a widespread establishment in the media space of Central and Eastern Europe. Preventing of this media "pandemic" is extremely complicated and costly, because this type of information is camouflaged in various forms and the public needs a proper media education to identify and differentiate fake news from true ones. Therefore, it is very necessary to create a national strategy of each state, to prevent the spread of this media "pandemic", while the most effective "virus" is the professionalization of the media and its detachment from the influence of political oligarchies. False news is creating its bedrock of influence and this is especially evident in the division of society as a result of political tensions and inter-ethnic discontent. Moreover, this paper shows that in such a divided society, the disinformation that circulates incessantly in the public space, sows fear. If a disinformation protection strategy were to be developed, then public confidence would not be in crisis, as it is currently in the Western Balkans, and the media would return to its primary role: independent and objective information
The Antiquity of Kurmanji Kurdish and the Biblical Book of Nahum
Full text linkThe biblical Book of Naḥūm explains the way HaShem (The Name) deals with Evil. An inner biblical interpretive technique is used to reach this meaning, a technique inconsistent with the method of the rest of the Hebrew Bible. As a prophetic song, the Book of Naḥūm rightly prophesies the pending downfall of the Assyrian Empire. In the light of the story of the Jews of Kurdistan together with a careful reading of Naḥūm’s book, there is enough evidence to assert that the Book has passed through oral translations and various oral recitations. Thus, as oral literature, Naḥūm’s “book,†in actuality a long poem in three sections has been transmitted not only in the original Hebrew but also through Kurmanji Kurdish and neo-Aramaic translations before the final Hebrew redaction took place. Accordingly, the biblical text throws light on not only an episode in ancient history, but also on the antiquity of the Kurmanji dialect and its vernaculars
Consistency of Sustainable Consumption with Values and Lifestyle in Post-Modern Tourists
Full text linkThe concepts of sustainable consumption and sustainable tourism are studied separately within the scope of sustainability. In this study, it has been examined whether individuals' understanding of values and lifestyle are consistent with sustainable consumption behaviors in post-modern tourism by considering both concepts together. Today, post-modern consumers have a more individual and liberal perception and reflect the consumption behaviors shaped in this direction more intensely and more clearly in the tourism sector. Especially in the Turkish tourism literature, it has been found that there are few studies to measure the consistency between post-modern tourism perception, individual's lifestyle and values and sustainable consumption behavior. The main question of this study is whether individuals' understanding of lifestyle and value are consistent with the tendency to display sustainable tourism behavior when manipulated with post-modern tourism perception. In this context; consumers' values, lifestyles and consumption trends were measured through the data obtained through the survey method using the VALS scale and the sustainable tourism scale. The findings of the study revealed that post-modern tourism preferences are related to individuals with principled motivation and individuals with spatial mobility, depending on their sustainable consumption trends. The data obtained from this study are also expected to give an idea about how post-modern tourism perception is related with lifestyle and values and whether there is consistency between the tendency to display sustainable tourism behavior and help further studies