Iranian Journal of Health, Safety and Environment (IJHSE)
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Dominant protozoan’s in Karoon River Water, Ahwaz city, Iran
Get PDFKaroon River is the main source of drinking, industrial and agricultural utility in Ahwaz city. Protozoans are useful indicators for river water pollution. The aim of this study was to identify and enumerate Dominant protozoans in Karoon Water River, Ahwaz city.
In this descriptive study, we took samples from 3 points of karoon river in Ahwaz city boundaries (upstream- uptake point for water treatment plant, middle and downstream) in two seasons (dry and wet). Samples prepared and examined by optic microscope.
The results showed 6 species of mastigophora and ciliophora. Most prevalent species were Monosiga fusiformis, Bodocaudatus ، Cercomonas Longicauda، Cercomonas Crassicauda، Tetramitus descissus And Stalked Ciliate. The seasonal variation difference was statistically significant. Minimum concentration was in January (less than 1 cell /lit) and maximum was in October (1600 cell/ lit). The average concentration of protozoans was 129.68 cells/ lit.
Protozoans in 3 sampling stations were statistically different, where in 2 and 3 stations Bodocaudatus, Cercomonas Longicauda, Cercomonas Crassicauda, and Tetramitusdescissus were dominant. Identified protozoan species indicate pollution of Karoon River by sewage discharge
Efficiency of a natural wetland for effluent polishing of a septic tank
Get PDFWetlands now days apply as a polishing system for the classical wastewater treatment, in addition of different usages. Usually wetland systems are inexpensive methods vs. expensive high technology treatment systems. Objective of this study is an evaluation of natural wetland treatment in polishing of a septic effluent. Research duration works extended for 10 months on a natural wetland system in Pardis of Mazandaran University of medical sciences and eastern north of health faculty. Wastewater quality index such as pH, EC, BOD, COD, TSS, Nitrate, Phosphorus, Ammonia and Temperature performed on the samples of influent and effluent of the system. The study showed the system works as a buffering system for flow and pH. Results indicated that average of BOD5 and TSS efficiency were 67.70and 83%, respectively. Efficiency of COD was 65.26 and 80 % for a Low and moderate strength influent respectively. Average of phosphorus, NH3 and Nitrate in effluent were 0.032 mg/L, 7.18 and 0.036 mg/L, respectively. Efficiency of ammonia and Phosphorus were slightly increased in best condition. Based on this study result, natural wetland can be success in BOD, COD, and TSS removal of the classical septic tank, but for nitrogen and Phosphorus removal do not have considerable effects
Evaluation of implementation an Integrated Safety and Preventive Maintenance System for Improving of Safety Indexes
Get PDFAccident analysis shows that one of the main reasons for accidents is non-integration of maintenance units with safety. Merging these two processes through an integrated system can reduce and or eliminate accidents, diseases, and environmental pollution. These issues lead to improvement in organizational performance, as well. The aim of this study is to design and establish an integrated system for obtaining the aforementioned goal. Integration was carried out at Nirou Moharreke Machine Tools Company via Structured System Analysis & Design Method (SSADM). In order to measure the effectiveness of the system, selected indexes were compared using statistical methods prior and after system establishment. Results show that the accident severity index reduced from 135.46 in 2010, to 43.85 in 2012. Moreover, system effectiveness improved equipment reliability and availability (e.g. reliability of the Pfeiffer Milling machine (P (t>50)) increased from 0.89 in 2010, to 0.9 in 2012. This system by forecasting various failures, and planning and designing the required operations for preventing occurrence of these failures, plays an important role in improving safety conditions of equipment, and increasing organizational performance, and is capable of presenting an excellent accident prevention program
Nonthermal Effects of Radar Exposure on Human: A Review Article
Get PDFABSTRACT
Microwave is part of the electromagnetic spectrum that has different application such as communications, military, air-traffic Control and etc... Previous studies showed that radar frequency could be a health hazard agent. This review article mentioned some of the studies that investigated non-thermal effects of radar frequencies. Reproductive effects, cancers, blood effects, genetic, adverse immune effects and mental effects are non-thermal effects that presented in this report. There are many unknown aspects of the biological effects and many of them did not determined very well such as oxidative stress and mental effects. Compliance with permissible exposure limits, reduction in exposure, and shielding are some of the controlling methods to protect workers from the exposure of microwave and among them, The use of shielding is a superior method for prevention of microwave exposure and among them, electromagnetic Nano composites shields is appropriate for protection of workers from radar exposure
Cardiovascular deaths related to Carbon monoxide Exposure in Ahvaz, Iran
Get PDFCarbon monoxide is an odorless, colorless and toxic gas that emitted from combustion. Carbon monoxide can cause harmful health effects by reducing oxygen delivery to the body's organs (like the heart and brain), tissues, fibrinolysis effects, abortion and death at extremely high levels. The aim of this study was to assess health- effects of carbon monoxide exposure in Ahvaz city. Data were collected through Ahvaz Meteorological Organization and Department of Environment. Raw data processing by Excel software includes (instruction set correction of averaging, coding and filtering) and after the impact of meteorological parameters was converted as input file to the Air Q model. Finally, health-effects of carbon monoxide exposure were calculated. The results showed that the concentration of carbon monoxide was 7.41 mg/m3 in Ahvaz as annual average. Sum of total numbers of deaths attributed to carbon monoxide was 16 cases within a year. Approximately 4.3% of total Cardiovascular deaths happened when the carbon monoxide concentrations was more than 20 mg/m3. This could be due to higher fuel consumption gasoline in vehicles, Oil industry, steel and Heavy industries in Ahwaz. Mortality and Morbidity risks were detected at current ambient concentrations of air pollutants
Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) assessment of neighborhoods: A case study in Tehran Municipality
No full textUrbanization is growing rapidly in recent centuries. This phenomenon can cause many changes in various aspects of human life including the economy, education and public health This study was conducted to assess the Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) problems in Tehran neighborhoods.
A new instrument was developed based on the results of a literature review and formulated during a pilot study. Through cluster sampling, 10 neighborhoods were selected based from 374 neighborhoods of Tehran. Six observers completed observational items during the field studies. Secondary data were used to obtain non-observation characteristics. Standard descriptive statistics were used to compare the HSE characteristics in sampled neighborhoods. Furthermore, control chart was used to as a decision rule to identify specific variation among sampled neighborhoods.
Niavaran neighborhood had the best HSE status (52.80%±25.03) whereas Khak Sefid neighborhood had the worst one (20.09%±27.51). Standard deviations of HSE characteristics were high in different parts of a neighborhood. Statistical analysis indicated that significant differences in HSE characteristics exist among sampled neighborhoods.
HSE status was in warning situation in both rich and poor neighborhoods. Community-based interventions were suggested as health promotion programs to involve and empower people in neighborhoods
Measurement of Nitrous Oxide gas pollution in operating rooms of educational hospitals of Ahvaz Jundishapur University in the year 2012
No full textNitrous Oxide gas can affect the patient and also cause chronic complications in operating room staff in the
short term. In the current survey, we measured the Nitrous Oxide gas levels in the operating room of the
educational hospitals of the Ahvaz Jundishapur Medical University.
576 samples were taken from 32 operating rooms through 4 months. Sampling was done in 3 different working
times (8:30-9:00, 10:30-11, 12:30-13:00) from 6 different sites in the operating room. Portable infrared
spectrophotometer was used for measuring the concentration of nitrous oxide. The apparatus was calibrated by
Nitrous Oxide gas capsule before each reading.
Variance analysis was used to compare the means of Nitrous Oxide levels between places of sampling in the
operating rooms. There was a significant difference between these amounts (p≤0.00). Then LSD analysis was
used to locate the variation factor. The exhaust of the anesthesia machine was the most noted place (p≤0.0001)
and the other places did not show significant differences. There was a significant difference between
measurements recorded when the air-conditioning system was on or off and if there was an air-conditioning
system or not. These differences were observed at all the measurement times.
According to the results from the current study, levels of Nitrous Oxide in operating rooms were higher than that
recommended by international organizations (25 ppm) and it appears that exposure to this amount of gas could
be potentially harmful for staff. It is recommended to take special safety measures and prevent the gas to be
increased in the operating room using air conditioning and proper ventilation of the room
Significance of authenticity in meat and meat products in Iran
Get PDFThe Authenticity of meat products is very important for religious and health reasons in Iran. According to legislation in Iran, the consumption and importation of pork, horse, donkey and cat products should be banned. Therefore, the identification of meat products cannot be judged solely by its appearance. This issue led to the authenticity of bovine, sheep, pig, horse, donkey, chicken and soya (Glycine max) in raw and processed meat products.In this study, specific primers were designed for the identification of pig ( base pair), donkey (325 base pair), chicken (391 base pair), sheep (499 base pair), horse (607 base pair), soya (707 base pair) and bovine (853 base pair) by Polymerase chain reaction. Following PCR, expected,, , 499,, and base pair fragments were detectable in pig, donkey, chicken, sheep, horse, soya and bovine, respectively. This protocol can be used for identification of raw and processed meat products in various animal species for replication to regulatory obligations for meat species safety in Iran