Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Series of Agrarian Sciences / Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Series of Agrarian Sciences / Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукNot a member yet
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ЗИНАИДА МАКАРОВНА ИЛЬИНА (К 80-летию со дня рождения)
Get PDFZinaida Makarovna Ilyina (To the 80th Anniversary of Birthday).Зинаида Макаровна Ильина (К 80-летию со дня рождения)
ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ И КУЛИНАРНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА СВИНИНЫ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПРОДУКТОВ ДЕТСКОГО ПИТАНИЯ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ СОСТАВА КОРМОВ РАЦИОНА
Get PDFMeat is one of the most important products for baby food. To assess the quality of meat raw materials for baby food products, the following indicators are considered: organoleptic, chemical, hygienic and technological. Meat processing is accompanied by complex physical and chemical, biochemical and mechanical processes. For prediction of meat raw materials behavior during technological processing, a number of functional and technological indicators are used, objectively reflecting its quality. The results of studies of cooking and technological qualities are presented (pH, boiling capacity, moisture retention capacity, cooking and technological indicator), as well as organoleptic parameters of pork for baby food production obtained from young pigs grown at pig breeding complexes, characterized by the same technology of pigs management, but have fundamental difference in livestock feeding. It was determined that the perfect variant of fattening for meat production meeting the requirements for raw materials for baby food is noted when using complete diet compound feeds based on local grain forage (triticale and barley) and when replacing a part of imported soybean and sunflower meal with rapeseed meal. It is shown that increase in slaughter weight of animals when sold to a meat plant allows to improve both the cooking and technological qualities, which are especially important at foodstuffs production. It is noted that use of local rapeseed feeds for pigs feeding instead of imported meals provides high cooking and technological qualities of pork for baby food production. It was determined that meat of animals fattened mainly on local feeds had high tasting ratings (4.8–5.0 points). Thus, using high-quality meat raw materials makes it possible to produce tasty and useful products for baby food that completely comply with hygienic standards without using the entire range of technological and flavor additives
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МЕХАНИЗМА СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬЮ
Get PDFThe general disadvantages of strategic management of food security are analyzed in the article (weak scientific character and reliability of forecasting systems, forecasting for enlarged periods with no adjustments for changing circumstances, contradictions between spheres of AIC and other sectors at interaction, etc.), as well as determining conditions that should be taken into account when designing a strategic management system (limited possibilities for AIC diversification, demand low elasticity for agricultural products, high degree competition, etc.). The mechanism for implementation of strategic management process for arrangement and application of the food system was developed. The proposed mechanism provides for a number of efficient management methods and functions in a cross view from higher hierarchical structures to agro-industrial enterprises and subdivisions thereof, as well as criteria and indicators for achieving target efficiency at different management levels. The novelty of these criteria consists in both the quantitative interpretation, and in scientific and methodological characteristics of each indicator. The key strategies are formulated for development of a business entity; the aims, objectives and content are identified. Each type of strategy in the hierarchy has its own target orientation and specific content. According to the orientation and content, the functions and methods of management are formulated, as well as management services responsible for implementation are identified
ВОПРОСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА БЕЛАРУСИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ ТРАНСГРАНИЧНОГО РЫНКА АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ
Get PDFThe article is devoted to estimation of prospects of agriculture development in Belarus in the context of modern trends of international economic integration, formation of consumer preferences and competitive advantages. Risks for financial market and agricultural organizations stability as well as agricultural industry of the country are revealed. The author's estimation of the consequences for the agricultural sector of the Belarusian economy, the dynamics of agricultural development in Russia against background of product embargo against states applying sanctions to the Russian Federation is given in the article. A conclusion is made that in the near future the Republic of Belarus will face increased competition in the Russian market in the field of poultry and pig production, and there is a high probability it can lead to escalation of contradictions and barriers in trade. It is possible to save the position of Belarusian producers subject to high-quality production that is safe, natural and authentic. Proposals for strengthening the agro-industrial policy by updating directions of agricultural specialization, adjustment of financial and credit mechanisms, development of effective agribusiness motivation with incentive payments from revenues and profits, as well as property endowment are presented. Recommendations for training the agrarian and industrial complex specialists on the basis of a balanced combination of theoretical and practical training are proposed. Implementation of these measures will create a basis for flexibility of agricultural economic mechanism, self-development, state and private partnership, adaptability in relation to the rapidly changing conditions in the Eurasian market
ЭФФЕКТИВНОЕ ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВО – СТРАТЕГИЯ АГРАРНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ БЕЛАРУСИ
Get PDFLivestock breeding – is the most important branch of agriculture and the main source of funds for development of industrial and social base of agro-industrial complex of the country, which ensures food security. The animal husbandry is facing few priority tasks. The first – to have a competitive breeds of farm animals and poultry, the second – to implement efficient technologies for management, feeding and reproduction of animals, and the third – to ensure the biological safety the branch. Measures in the resent years aimed at increase of efficiency of animal breeding branches provided more than 7.45 million tons of milk, 1662 thousand tons of meat of livestock and poultry (body weight) for production in 2015 from all the categories of farms. In the whole in the country 730 kg of milk and 120 kg of meat was produced, calculated per capita. According to these indicators, as well as according to the amount of high-value food protein of animal origin produced (90–100 g per person a day) Belarus is among the most advanced countries along with Canada, the US and other. These volumes of livestock production ensure domestic requirements and export potential of the republic. More than 56 % of milk and 30 % of meat produced in the country is exported to external market. According to experts opinion, about 60–65 % of dairy products and 45 % of meat produced in the country will be exported in the near future. The article analyzes the modern state, main results, priorities and problems of containment of increase of productive traits of farm animals in Belarus. Ways to improve the competitiveness of the industry, as well as rates of livestock production growth in the future are presented
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ ПО ОБОСНОВАНИЮ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВ ПО ДОСТУПУ ИМПОРТНЫХ АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННЫХ ТОВАРОВ НА ВНУТРЕННИЙ РЫНОК БЕЛАРУСИ В РАМКАХ ПРИСОЕДИНЕНИЯ К ВТО
Get PDFThe problem of joining of the Republic of Belarus to WTO and the impact of this process on the economy of the country as a whole, including the agrofood sphere is considered in the article. The WTO requirements on access of imported products to the domestic market were investigated for this purpose, the experience of WTO member states of the Eurasian Economic Union was studied, and peculiarities of Belarus joining to the WTO in conditions of EEU were determined. Research and methodical approaches were proposed and the evaluation of the level of sensitivity of agricultural products of the Republic of Belarus to import was carried out on the basis of identifying the level of self-sufficiency, import growth and the level of protection of the domestic market of Belarus. The effect of liberalization of import duties on the competitiveness of certain types of products was determined, as well as dependence of export profit from changes in the level of the Common Customs Tariff of EEU. It was established that the consequences would depend on a number of factors: firstly, how appropriate will be the obligations of the Republic of Belarus and how possible will that be to defend the most sensitive positions for agricultural sector, and secondly, how competitive will the domestic products be in the domestic and foreign markets
МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ И МЕТОДИКА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВ АГРАРНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ В КОНТЕКСТЕ КЛАССИЧЕСКИХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ТЕОРИЙ
Get PDFIncrease of the global hypercompetition on the background of the world economy instability in uncertain conditions necessitates searching for new ways of scientific analysis and identifying new processes for formation of sustainable competitive advantages of the national economy in general and in separate regions in particular. Competitive advantages of the region are formed by a combination of natural and geographical, social and economic, scientific and educational technical, information, cultural and institutional resources and conditions having developed in the region, distinguishing it from other regions and determining long-term perspectives for production of goods and services. Establishment of sustainable competitive advantages gives possibility to develop steadily under uncertain conditions and economic growth slowdown, which indicates the relevance of the considered subject importance. The article presents one of the possible application variants of classical scientific theories for regional advantages use in the production of goods in order to achieve economic benefits through a rational labor differentiation and activities results exchange, taking into account the specific nature and economic conditions within certain market communities. Based on classical economic theories, methodological provisions and methods for optimizing the agricultural production location are developed, taking into account the comparative (relative) advantages of the regions of Belarus. The approbation of the methodology allowed determining the ratings of economic feasibility for location of cattle milk and meat production in the regions of Belarus.