Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Series of Agrarian Sciences / Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наук
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Series of Agrarian Sciences / Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия аграрных наукNot a member yet
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РАЗРАБОТКА РЕЖИМНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ИК ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОРОСЯТ-ОТЪЕМЫШЕЙ ПО АНАЛИЗУ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЖИВОТНЫХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ВИДЕОНАБЛЮДЕНИЯ
Get PDFThe research relevance is determined by the need to reduce the energy intensity of intensive livestock production. The latter is possible on the basis of innovative methods and technical means of intelligent management of complex biotechnical systems with identification of animal behaviour and control using video surveillance systems. The paper presents the results of experimental researches of the energy efficiency of an automated infrared irradiation system for weaners with irradiation modes set according to analysis of video surveillance of animal behaviour. A sign for the location of animals along the floor area relative to a warm source – a dark infrared irradiator, was defined as an ethological sign for the analysis of animal behaviour. As a result of experimental studies, based on the video surveillance data, IR-irradiation modes were determined by statistical analysis of the ethological sign of the location of animals relative to the thermal source of IR-irradiation. These modes were recorded in the program of the microcontroller, within 20 days the experimental group of animals was exposed to IR-irradiation according to the established modes. It was determined that the developed irradiation modes ensure additional profit of 2.97 roubles per animal, including economic effect for heating of 0.89 roubles per animal. The developed IR irradiation modes for weaners exclude general heating requirement. The IKOV-1 automated plant allows to develop energy-efficient zoology hygienic modes for animals management based on data processing and video surveillance equipment using air temperature sensor in the IR irradiation area. Acknowledgement. This research was supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research under the T18M-001 Contract “Integrated energy supply for controlled biotechnical systems in agricultural production using renewable energy sources”.
СИСТЕМА РАЗВЕДЕНИЯ ЛОШАДЕЙ ВЕРХОВЫХ ПОРОД В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БЕЛАРУСЬ
Get PDFThere are no domestic breeds of riding horses in Belarus. Historically it has been reasonable to breed horses of German origin here – Trakehner and Hanoverian breeds. There are some horses of other half-blood breeds successful in various kinds of equestrian sport. The paper dwells on the results of development of riding horse breeding system for creation of a domestic pedigree base for sports horse breeding. Work stages for improvement of pedigree horse breeding in Belarus, and the main elements of technology of aimed breeding and training of young animals at farms are determined. The results of evaluation of mares of Trakehner and Hanoverian breeds according to the set of traits at basic farms are presented. Perspective programs for breeding horses of Trakehner and Hanoverian breeds in Belarus have been developed being the basis for the aimed breeding and the system itself. Genetic parameters of selected traits of riding horses reared in Belarus (height at the withers, girth of chest and pastern, evaluation of type, measurements, exterior and performance) are determined, which are distinguished by significant phenotypic diversity. High coefficients of phenotypic correlation between individual traits are determined. Dynamics of genetic similarity and inbreeding coefficients in Hanoverian breed is presented. The developed horse breeding system for creation of domestic pedigree base for sports horse breeding will ensure production of high-quality world-class horses for creation of national and regional equestrian teams, active development of leisure horse breeding, export of horses and import substitution
МЕХАНИЗМ СТРАХОВАНИЯ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ КАК ФИНАНСОВЫЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЕГО УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
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ОЦЕНКА ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СВОЙСТВ ПОЧВЫ ПРИ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИ ПОЧВООБРАБАТЫВАЮЩИХ КАТКОВ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ МАШИН
Get PDFHigh-quality and timely soil cultivation allows forming the basis of the future crop and reducing costs of subsequent tillage operations. The structure of soil determines the energy intensity and quality of its mechanical treatment. The quality of soil treatment is determined by crumbling, mixing, leveling and compacting of the surface layer. To determine these parameters, different mathematical dependencies are used, allowing for calculation of varied accuracy degree. The article dwells on analysis of the existing and development of new dependencies, allowing to determine qualitative indicators of soil condition before and after the effect of operating units of agricultural machines. The article presents analysis of the existing dependencies, allowing to determine the effect degree of agricultural machines’ rollers on the soil. As a result of the studies, the possibility of using the Rozin-Rammler formula for determining the degree of soil crumbling is substantiated and dependency between stress and porosity coefficient was determined to substantiate the optimum pressure during soil cultivation rollers impact. The obtained results supplement the theory of impact of soil cultivation rollers on soil when designing combined soil cultivation agricultural machines.
МЕТОДИКА ЗООГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОГО ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ ПЕРВООПОРОСОК И ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ОТ НИХ ПОРОСЯТ-СОСУНОВ ПО УРОВНЮ ЗАЩИТНЫХ СИЛ ОРГАНИЗМА СВИНОМАТОК И ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯМ ИХ ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРОФИЛЯ
Get PDFIt became possible to use software in various areas of biology along with development of High Technology Park in Belarus. Information technologies have been used in zoology engineering in the last few years primarily in selection and breeding work. The aim of research is to develop method for computer zoology-and-hygienic prediction of the performance level of the first litter gilts and suckling piglets obtained from them according to the sows’ body defenses and indicators of their hematological profile. The paper presents curvilinear mathematical models developed based on hematologic profile of the first litter gilts with blood samples obtained from on day 3-4 after piglets birth, allowing to simulate numerical values of sows multiple pregnancy rate, average daily weight gain of piglets and their safety in the first three weeks of life, based on change in morphological, biochemical and immunological blood indices. It has been determined that the positive correlation between hematological parameters of the first litter gilts with the performance indicators are mainly of the humoral defense factors; separate indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism; protein fractions; indicators of protein and pigment metabolism; serum enzymes; separate macro and trace elements. Thus, the computer program allows to predict the sows’ multiple pregnancy rate, average daily weight gain and safety of suckling piglets according to the available parameters of sows’ blood
Диверсификация экспорта сельскохозяйственной продукции и продовольствия Беларуси при заключении соглашений о свободной торговле между ЕАЭС и третьими странами
Get PDFThe modern development of foreign trade of agricultural products and foodstuffs in the Republic of Belarus is characterized by an intensive increase in export potential, which requires constant search and development of new promising sales markets. For Belarus, participation in regional trade and economic integration associations (free trade zone with participation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)) is considered as one of the directions for creating favorable conditions for exporters to access the markets of partner countries. Implementation of export potential of the member states of the integration association is the subject of negotiations during preparation of agreements and requires searching the balance of concessions between the parties concerned. Therefore, in terms of trade of highly sensitive to import agricultural and processing industry products, a reasoned justification is required for requesting potential partners to ease access regimes for a particular product, given the need to provide reciprocal concessions. In this regard, we have developed a technique for assessing possibilities of developing exports of agricultural products of Belarus when signing agreements on free trade zones between the Eurasian Economic Union and third countries, we also tested the presented technique by the example of such countries as Egypt, Iran, Israel, Indonesia and India as the most likely partners to conclude free trade agreements with the Eurasian Economic Union. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the competitive environment at potential sales markets and an assessment of competitiveness of Belarusian export products, as well as study of measures of foreign trade policy (customs tariff and non-tariff barriers), the most appropriate export commodity groups were identified
ОПТИМАЛЬНЫЕ СРОКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ СОСКОВОЙ РЕЗИНЫ
Get PDFThe Republic of Belarus is the European leader in production of milk and dairy products. Milk-commodity farms and complexes use milking plants of domestic and foreign manufacturers. One of the most important items of any milking plant is milking liner, since the amount of milk received, health of animals and quality of milk depend on it largely. The new milking liner is of a high elasticity, flexibility, etc., providing efficient nipple massage, udder stimulation and intensive milk production. At prolonged operation of milking liner, it increases in length, the physical and mechanical properties vary, and numerous tiny cracks are formed on the inner surface which negatively affects automated milking process and leads to cow udder diseases. The paper shows that the milking liner should not affect the milk flow from the udder and at the same time should tightly fit the nipples above the sphincter area in order to protect them from damage by vacuum during vacuum phase and completely block vacuum on nipples at compression stroke to restore normal blood circulation in nipples. Flexibility (elasticity and rigidity) and elongation should be the main parameters of milking liner to perform these functions and requirements. The researches determined efficient service life periods of the most common in our country milking liner brand DD.00.041 depending on its properties variability, which should be determined in the number of milking operations
