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Risk and Protective Factors for Psychopathology During the Developmental Period 0-25 Years
Get PDFResearch has shown that mental health disorders can have their onset in the period of
childhood and adolescence. This is a relatively recent discovery, as most of history
has studied mental health conditions only in adults. Today it is known that the global
onset of first mental health disorder occurs before age 14 in one third of the cases and
before the age of 18 in almost half of cases across the world (Solmi et al., 2022;
Dragioti et al., 2022). Research has uncovered risk and protective factors for
psychopathology in certain mental health conditions, such as Autism Spectrum
Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. (ADHD). While
it is considered fact that gene-environment interactions play a large role in the
development of psychopathology, only 10% of studies have investigated gene-
environment interactions in non-Western samples (Fonagy et al., 2024). The question
this thesis addressed is what is currently known about risk and protective factors for
psychopathology in children, what are the gaps in the literature, and what does the
literature say about addressing the mental health of children in early childhood. The
intent was to encourage addressing the mental health of children earlier in
life, during the preschool and primary years, in hopes of better outcomes for them.
Searches wereconducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, APA PsychNet, and Google Scholar for systemic reviews and meta-analyses for relevant material. Mental
disorders in children are anxiety and fear-related disorders, neurodevelopmental
disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, stress-related disorders, eating disorders,
substance use/addictive disorders, mood disorders, personality disorders, and
schizophrenia-spectrum disorders/primary psychosis disorders. In the field
currently, there is realization of the many challenges with predicting developmental
pathways/trajectories/outcomes for psychopathology in children and adolescents, and
a need to include wider sociocultural viewpoints. Several risk and protective factors
were presented in this paper, with childhood adversity and trauma being a major risk
factor, and the most robust protective factor being physical activity. Risk factors were
discussed for some specific mental disorders in one section. Benefits and harms of
screening children and adolescents for psychopathology were explored. The
emergence of integrating behavioral health care with pediatric primary care was
presented.
Keywords: risk, protective, development, psychopathology, children, adolescents,
mental healt
Parent & child ACEs: How they impact parenting practices & child development
Get PDFAdverse childhood experiences, or ACEs, are adverse events that occur in childhood and can have a profound impact on an individual’s health and development. Recent trends in literature surrounding ACEs have sought to explore the relationship between parental adversity and the intergenerational transmission of risk for adversity to the child. The aims of this review are as follows: 1) to examine current literature on how adversity impacts parenting, whether that be stemming from childhood or current in the family. 2) how parenting practices and adversity impact children’s health and development. To accomplish these objectives, research was conducted primarily by using the Concordia St. Paul online library. Resource selection was based on publication date (whether it was current, within the past eight years), peer-reviewed, and credibility of author and journal publication. I hypothesize that childhood adversity impacts adults and their parenting practices in a negative way. The results of the literature review revealed the hypothesis to be true. Parents with a history of ACEs were more likely to form insecure attachments and use harsh parenting practices. Previous adversity from the parent or current adversity faced by the family put the child at greater risk for adversity themselves as well as adverse outcomes both in childhood and later adulthood. Recommendations were made for each adversity on interventions and supports that are designed to improve parent-child relationships, parent practices, and child outcomes. Implications and suggestions for further research are also discussed
A Reintroduction to Psychiatric Rehabilitation
Get PDFThis article, the first in a series, will reintroduce you to psychiatric rehabilitation. If you work in or interact with mental health services, you are likely already familiar with certain-aspects of psychiatric rehabilitation. Common services that utilize psychiatric rehabilitation principles are Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) teams, community support programs, and residential mental health treatment. The successive articles will explore the principles, philosophy, and interventions that are a part of the psychiatric rehabilitation model of care. This article will define psychiatric rehabilitation, its history, and its purpose in the scope of mental health services
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in Detoxification Centers: A Call on Withdrawal Management Professionals to Become FASD-Informed
Get PDFThis article explores the challenges associated with identifying and diagnosing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in detoxification centers throughout the United States. Detoxification centers are natural entry points to the health care system for many individuals with complex health conditions. These facilities continue to be under utilized as a portal for screening, identifying, diagnosing, and treating patients with FASD. The purpose of this article is to increase awareness about the tremendous potential detoxification centers have for addressing these needs through the services they offer. Additionally, strategies for improving FASD services within these settings are discussed. This article assumes the reader has a basic understanding of FASD