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Interrogative Suggestibility in People with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): neurocognitive and Behavioral Challenges
Get PDFFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the result of prenatal alcohol exposure. FASD is characterized by deficits in adaptive functioning, social skills, learning capacities, emotion regulation, memory, attention, and communication abilities. As a result of these deficits, individuals with FASD may be prone to interrogative suggestibility. This is consistent with Gudjonsson and Clark’s (1986) model, which proposed that interrogative suggestibility is more likely to occur in individuals who experience: (a) a greater sense of uncertainty about the subject matter, (b) stronger interpersonal trust with the interrogator, and (c) an increase in one’s expectations that he or she should know the “correct” answer to the questions being asked. Failing to account for the unique needs of individuals with FASD in the criminal justice system may result in miscarriages of justice
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) and the Criminal Justice System: Causes, Consequences, and Suggested Communication Approaches
Get PDFAfflicting 2% to 5% of the U.S. population (May et al., 2009), fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are lifelong disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). The range of deficits include cognitive (e.g., executive functioning), social (e.g., communication skills), and adaptive dysfunction (e.g., problem-solving ability). The likelihood of involvement in the criminal justice system can be increased by: (a) difficulty thinking in an abstract manner, (b) communication skill deficits, (c) a diminished ability to appropriately express and exhibit empathy, and (d) impulsivity. The cognitive difficulties outlined in this article can result in repeated fights, thefts, thrill seeking behaviors, and even more severe criminal behavior. In combination with FASD-informed communication tactics, extended care and strong social supports, the accurate assessment and successful treatment of FASD, these considerations and approaches have the potential to limit the likelihood of future criminal behavior in this population
Art Therapy and FASD: A Promising Treatment Approach
Get PDFFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive (e.g., executive function), social (e.g., communication), and adaptive (e.g., decision-making ability) deficits. Because FASD often co-occurs with other psychiatric and substance use disorders, accurate diagnosis and effective treatment can be challenging. Art therapy (AT) is one promising treatment modality for FASD. This is especially true of children who suffer from both FASD and a history of trauma. AT presents many potential benefits for FASD such as improved emotional regulation, relaxation strategies, interpersonal communication skills, self-esteem, and memory functioning. Although additional empirical evaluation is needed, AT has a growing body of evidence that demonstrates its effectiveness in the treatment of FASD
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) and Competency to Stand Trial (CST) Case Law: A Need for Further Understanding and Research
Get PDFThe devastating impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) on competency to stand trial is highlighted by summarizing the case law review literature. Although these case law reviews may not be peer-reviewed and might include inaccuracies, case law reviews can illuminate the complexities of accounting for FASD during legal proceedings. In particular, a failure to adequately consider the impact of the cognitive and adaptive symptoms of FASD on a defendant’s competency to stand trial and as a mitigating factor for sentencing have served as the basis of a number of appeals. Here, we provide overviews of a handful of cases, both for non-violent and violent crimes, where FASD resulted in questions of competency and/or mitigation
