Expresní Astronomické Informace
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The East Carpathian borderlands of cultures in Stanisław Vincenz\u27s novel-cycle Na wysokiej połoninie (On the High Uplands)
Get PDFAutor této studie se zabývá přínosem tvorby významného polského prozaika a esejisty minulého století Stanisława Vincenze (1888–1971) pro uchování tradiční lidové kultury Východních Karpat a zejména etnické skupiny Huculů. Článek se soustředí především na nejproslulejší Vincenzovo dílo, rozsáhlou (do češtiny dosud nepřeloženou) tetralogii Na wysokiej połoninie, ale věnuje se i dalším aspektům tohoto románového cyklu – pojednává mj. o časových a prostorových dimenzích zobrazeného huculského světa, složité genologické charakteristice díla a spojitostech s jinými autory (např. Jerzym Stempowským či Witem Tarnawským).The author of the present study reflects upon the importace of Polish prosaist and essayist Stanisław Vincenz (1888–1971) for a preservation of East Carpathian traditional folk culture from the Hutsul region. The article primarily analyze Vincenz\u27s most famous work, novel-cycle Na wysokiej połoninie (which is still untranslated in Czech). However, contribution is devoted to other aspects of Vincenz\u27s tetralogy – the autor mentions specifically temporal and spatial dimensions of the Hutsul world, elements of many different genres in the novel-cycle or points of contact in work\u27s of Jerzy Stempowski and Wit Tarnawski
Obraz pohanských a křesťanských vládců litevského velkoknížectví ze 2. poloviny 13. stol. a z 1. poloviny 14. století v německých kronikách
No full textThis article deals with the image of the first rulers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in German chronicles. The aim of the work is to reconstruct the image of Pagan and Christian rulers of the emerging state, marking out similarities and differences, and to characterize the legitimacy of their status as monarchs in the eyes of German chroniclers based on the religion of the Lithuanian dukes. The article mainly focuses on Mindaugas, Vytenis and Gediminas, the most powerful and dynamic figures from the initial period of the foundation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Spor o christianizaci Litvy a Žmudi na kostnickém koncilu (1414–1418)
No full textAt the Council of Constance, the issue of the Christianisation of Lithuania and Samogitia came to the fore in the dispute between the Polish-Lithuanian Union and the Teutonic Knights. The whole matter was brought about by a Polish-Lithuanian delegation (1416), which in two indictments, Proposicio Polonorum and Proposicio Samagitarum, accused the Grand Master and the Order of hostility towards the recently baptised Lithuanians and against the Samogitians, who had expressed the same willingness to accept the Catholic faith. On the contrary, the Order\u27s delegation, calling on its own historical experience, accused the dukes of Lithuania, including King Vladislav Jagello of Poland, of hypocrisy, dishonesty and treachery. Surprisingly, the Order\u27s reply does not call into question the very fact of the mass baptism of Lithuanians, who willingly accepted Christianity, but doubted their simple-mindedness and inability to understand the content of the creed and the significance of the ceremony they had undergone. The Polish-Lithuanian party\u27s argument was more successful because it was based on numerous biblical motifs, such as the light and peace that Jesus Christ brought to earth and which were desired by the pagans in Lithuania and Samogitia. On the contrary, the political and historical arguments of the Order\u27s delegation lacked a similar positive emotional charge. The practical long-term consequence of the controversy was the official baptism of the Samogitians, the establishment of a diocese (1417) and the permanent annexation of the disputed territory to Lithuania
Are classroom discussions on controversial political issues in civic education lessons cognitively challenging? : a closer look at discussions with assigned positions
Get PDFDiscussing controversial political issues in class provides rich opportunities for cognitively activating learning processes, i.e. in-depth processing of learning content and higher-order thinking processes. However, relating the features of a given argumentative design to specific learning outcomes is a tricky endeavor, as this theoretical paper aims to illustrate through the example of a discussion with assigned positions (for/against) in civic education classes. The potential of such discussion settings for cognitive activation was examined by considering the features of the overall argumentative design, task configurations, and learning activities. More concretely, it is argued that controversial discussions with assigned positions constitute three different task configurations depending on the relationship between a student\u27s personal and assigned positions. Based on the ICAP framework (Chi & Wylie, 2014) for cognitive engagement, the paper further shows that students may take part in various modes of learning activities within a single instructional setting (although to different degrees). These findings point to the need to develop "more local" (Mandl & Renkl, 1992) or "middle-range" theories (Mutz, 2008) of learning through argumentation