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Occasional literary biography of P. O. Hviezdoslav from the view of František Táborský and previous literary research in Slovakia
Get PDFŠtúdia otvorila tému žánrov literárnej biografie. Osobitný prístup k tejto problematike prezentoval Peter Liba, ktorý načrtol ako prvý v slovenskom literárnovednom prostredí systém žánrov literárnej biografie. Na základe tohto systému autor štúdie analyzoval autorský portrét P. O. Hviezdoslava od českého básnika a literárneho historika Františka Táborského. Z hľadiska typu biografie ho vyhodnotil ako príležitostnú literárnu biografiu. Jej analýzou a komparáciou s výsledkami doterajšieho hviezdoslavovského výskumu dospel k záveru, že Táborský predstavil Hviezdoslava ako reprezentanta národa, ktorý svojou literárnou tvorbou, plnou obrazov osobného i národného utrpenia, plnil v národe nielen estetické, ale aj nadosobné kultúrno-spoločenské a politické funkcie.The study has opened up the topic of genres of literary biography. A special approach to this issue was presented by Peter Liba, who was the first to outline a system of genres of literary biography in the Slovak literary milieu. Based on this system, the author of the study analysed the author\u27s portrait of P. O. Hviezdoslav by the Czech poet and literary historian, František Táborský. In terms of the type of biography, he evaluated it as an occasional literary biography. By analysing it and comparing it with the results of Hviezdoslavian research to date, he came to the conclusion that Táborský introduced Hviezdoslav as a representative of a nation who, with his literary work full of images of personal and national suffering, performed not merely aesthetic but also supra-cultural, social, and political functions
Nové dílo Milosava Čarkiće na pozadí jeho předchozích spisů
Get PDFThe author of the present outline analyzes some of the crucial works by a prominent Serbian theoretician of verse and of poetic language Milosav Čarkić with the core in his recent book A Dictionary of Rhyme Terms (2020). On the basis of a thorough analysis he characterizes this set of works accompanied by those going back to the 1990s and published mostly in Serbian as key contributions to the world theory of verse. The present treatise analyses several books written by Milosav Čarkić in Russian, Serbian and English in the three recent decades, including Phonics of Verse (Фоника стиха, 1992), Phonostylistics of Verse (Фоностилистика стиха, 1995), The Glossary of Rhyme (Појмовник риме, 2001), The Stylistics of Verse (Стилистика стиха, 2006), On Poetic Language (2010), Models of Rhyme (2017), and The Rhyme in Serbian Verse (Рима у српском стиху, 2017) and predominantly his new book mentioned above A Dictionary of Rhyme Terms (2020). His main scholarly contribution consists in the investigation of the sphere on the boundary of phonics, stylistics, and poetics of verse and of the semantics, structure, function, and terminology of rhymes in European context.Autor přítomného přehledu analyzuje některá stěžejní díla prominentního srbského teoretika verše a básnického jazyka Milosava Čarkiće s jádrem v jeho nejnovější knize A Dictionary of Rhyme Terms (2020). Na základě důkladné analýzy charakterizuje tento soubor děl doprovázený těmi z 90. let 20. století a publikovanými většinou srbsky jako klíčové příspěvky k světové teorii verše. Přítomné pojednání analyzuje několik knih, které Milosav Čarkić napsal rusky, srbsky a anglicky v posledních třech desetiletích, včetně Foniky verše (Фоника стиха, 1992), Fonostylistiky (Фоностилистика стиха, 1995), Glosáře rýmu (Појмовник риме, 2001), Stylistiky verše (Стилистика стиха, 2006), O básnickém jazyce (On Poetic Language, 2010), Modely rýmu (Models of Rhyme, 2017) a Rým v srbském verši (Рима у српском стиху, 2017) a zvláště jeho nové, výše zmíněné knihy Slovník rýmových termínů (A Dictionary of Rhyme Terms, 2020). Jeho hlavní badatelský přínos spočívá ve zkoumání sféry na hranici foniky, stylistiky a poetiky verše a sémantiky, struktury, funkce a terminologie rýmu v evropském kontextu
From Petr Chelčický to Luke of Prague: forming the identity of the Unity of the Brethren through its relation to secular power
No full textThe focus of the article is an analysis and interpretation of the dramatic transformation of the Unity of the Brethren at the end of the 15th century. In this period, the Unity of the Brethren primarily reconsidered its rejection of secular power, the urban way of life, and most crafts and trade. These changes are referred to in previous research as the transformation of the sect into a church. Nevertheless, this transformation has not yet been systematically studied using adequate theoretical methods that would reflect the more general mechanisms of development operating in Christian religious movements. The author therefore returns to the sociological roots of this debate. Inspired by the neo-Weberian approach of David d\u27Avray, the author uses theories concerning the transformation of sects into churches as ideal types in the comparison of two key thinkers – Petr Chelčický and Luke of Prague. Petr Chelčický inspired the establishment of the Unity of the Brethren and his teachings rejected secular power and the urban way of life. In contrast, Luke of Prague legitimized the abovementioned changes in his teaching. The analysis reveals that the tension between the Unity of the Brethren and mainstream society was not diminished, as it was closely linked to the identity of the Unity of the Brethren. On this level, the Unity of the Brethren remains more of a sect. However, the new concept of salvation by Luke of Prague, based on God\u27s grace, enabled and legitimized life in cities, participation in secular power, and the transformation of social practice, without disturbing the sense of exclusivity of the Unity of the Brethren
[Ginzburg, Carlo; Lincoln, Bruce. Old Thiess, a Livonian werewolf: a classic case in comparative perspective]
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Revisiting Solaris : encountering otherness and the limits of representation
Get PDFOne of the core themes of Stanisław Lem\u27s 1961 novel Solaris is the encounter with radical otherness. The ocean planet being studied by scientists form earth is usually interpreted as a representation of radical otherness, which eludes human efforts of understanding. In this paper we argue that in Solaris Lem attempts to show not merely that the ocean is unknowable, but that the unknowability is itself impossible to adequately conceptualise and represent. However, we further argue that this impossibility is the subject of an experience in which the presence of otherness is made available. We focus on the images of chaos which Kelvin discovers on Solaris to show that Lem presents the epistemic situation of the main protagonist as radically unstable. Contrary to most interpretations, however, we argue that the discursive narration in the novel engages with the presence of otherness only superficially. Rather, we suggest that the encounter with otherness is shown as something that manifests itself in bodily emotions, and is, therefore, only possible to convey non-discursively. The fear and dread inspired by the vastness and strangeness of the ocean are always presented by appeal to sensuality and bodily experience. These emotive reactions to encounters with otherness subvert its conceptual representations. We suggest that in this way Lem attempts to convey what cannot be discursively described, or even depicted. He presents radical otherness as something impossible to represent conceptually but offers a vision of the possibility of an encounter with otherness through bodily emotions. On this interpretation Solaris is not only a novel about the encounter with otherness, but also about the very possibility of representing such an encounter
When they spread out their arms, they touch the darkness : changes to priestly identity within Czech Catholicism in the 19th and 20th centuries
Get PDFKniha se zabývá proměnami života katolických kněží v 19. a 20. století, a to na příkladu tří kněžských biografií (Emanuel Masák, Antonín Ludvík Stříž, Dominik Pecka). Problematika proměn identity kněze v moderní době představuje relevantní téma historické vědy a zároveň pohnutý příběh společenského stavu, který se ještě v polovině 19. století těšil nezpochybnitelné společenské prestiži. S postupujícím časem se ale nakonec stal pro některé vítaným terčem kritiky, symbolem zpátečnictví a reakce, pro jiné zase symbolem věčného řádu, legitimní autority, autentické služby nebo i mučednictví. Tak či onak kněžská identita ani ve 20. století nepřišla o své sakrální, spirituální, ba přímo mystické obsahy. Právě jim se autor podrobně věnuje, jak již ostatně napovídá název knihy. ,This book examines the changes to priestly identity within Czech Catholicism in the 19th and 20th centuries on the example of three Catholic priests (Emanuel Masák, Antonín Ludvík Stříž, Dominik Pecka). The changing identity of priests in the modern age is a relevant theme in historical science and at the same time is the turbulent story of a social profession which still undoubtedly enjoyed social prestige during the mid-19th century, but which with the passing of time became a target of criticism as a symbol of backwardness for some, while for others it was a symbol of eternal order, legitimate authority, authentic service, or even martyrdom. Even in the 20th century, priestly identity continued to contain its sacral, spiritual and even overtly mystical content. As is suggested by the title, it is this which the author focuses on very thoroughly