Hospital Clínico de la Universidad Católica
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile: Repositorio UCNot a member yet
70241 research outputs found
Sort by
Conjunto de datos: Datos Reporte Compromisos y cumplimiento de promesas en materia ambiental 2018-2020
No full textLa base de datos contiene los compromisos presidenciales establecidos en el programa de gobierno y cuentas públicas (2018, 2019 y 2020) del Presidente Sebastián Piñera, su nivel de cumplimiento y respuestas de política pública202
The city beyond its limits. A theoretical methodological proposal to identify the expansion area of Greater Santiago Chile
No full textLa expansión del Gran Santiago se ha estudiado entendiendo lo urbano como un fenómeno generalizado, o enfocándose desde una perspectiva estrictamente morfológica. Frente a estas aproximaciones, este trabajo propone una nueva perspectiva para estudiar la expansión urbana que pone en el centro el contenido asociado a la ciudad para analizar la escala en que dicha forma espacial se expande. La hipótesis desarrollada plantea que este enfoque permitiría identificar un espacio diferenciado de los conceptualizados previamente. En términos teóricos, se retoman las reflexiones que permiten sostener que en el área de expansión de las ciudades se pueden producir espacios otros, utilizando para esto al margen como categoría teórica-conceptual. En términos metodológicos se revisaron las aproximaciones a este fenómeno desde trabajos previos, y se realizaron entrevistas a expertas/os del ámbito académico. A partir de las categorías emanadas, se procesaron microdatos censales y se condujeron entrevistas a funcionarios municipales. Los resultados dan cuenta que el área de expansión del Gran Santiago es un espacio que se distingue de los evidenciados a escala regional, dado que no solo tiene una localización distinta, sino que es producido de un modo que permite diferenciarlo, configurándose un espacio que desafía el propio contenido de la ciudad
Enhancing the Biosorption Capacity of Macrocystis pyrifera: Effects of Acid and Alkali Pretreatments on Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants Removal
No full text© 2025 by the authors.The effects of acid and alkali pretreatments on the physicochemical and textural properties of Macrocystis pyrifera were evaluated to assess its potential for removing recalcitrant organic pollutants from aquatic systems. Untreated (UB), acid-pretreated (ACPB), and alkali-pretreated (ALPB) seaweed biomass were characterized using SEM, FTIR-ATR, N2 adsorption–desorption, and potentiometric titrations. Adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies, using methylene blue (MB) as a model pollutant, were conducted to evaluate removal performance. All biosorbents exhibited Langmuir behavior, with maximum adsorption capacities of 333 mg g−1 (UB), 189 mg g−1 (ACPB), and 526 mg g−1 (ALPB). FTIR-ATR and SEM analyses revealed that alkali pretreatment increased the abundance of hydroxyl, carboxylate, and sulfonated functional groups on the seaweed cell walls, along with greater porosity and surface roughness, resulting in enhanced MB adsorption. In contrast, acid pretreatment increased the exposure of carboxylic, amine, and amide functional groups, reducing the electrostatic interactions. The adsorption energy values further supported this, while the intra-particle diffusion model indicated a two-step process involving MB diffusion onto the seaweed surface, followed by diffusion into internal pores. These findings highlight the potential application of Macrocystis pyrifera-based biosorbents in the treatment of wastewater containing recalcitrant organic pollutants.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo de ChileAndres Bello UniversityFONDECY
Sombra monolítica: cubierta para el Desierto de Atacama: fabricación de cáscaras de doble curvatura de hormigón en base a moldajes de baja tecnología
No full textTesis (Arquitecto con Magíster en Arquitectura)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2025La presente investigación explora el potencial de las cáscaras de hormigón de doble curvatura como soluciones arquitectónicas para cubiertas, abordadas desde una perspectiva constructiva. Se analiza la geometría de estas estructuras, estudiando cómo sus formas responden a los esfuerzos mecánicos a los que están sometidas. Se prioriza la optimización de los procesos constructivos, promoviendo el uso de moldajes de baja tecnología y fácil montaje, lo que facilita la construcción de cubiertas que abarcan grandes luces en entornos extremos, mejorando la habitabilidad en dichos contextos. A lo largo de esta investigación se examinan los moldajes tradicionales y moldajes flexibles para este tipo de estructuras, relacionado a la eficiencia del material y costos de producción. Además, se comprenden y categorizan las técnicas y sistemas constructivos. Como culminación del estudio, se desarrolla un proyecto arquitectónico ubicado en el Desierto de Atacama, junto al río Loa. Este proyecto propone la construcción de una cáscara monolítica de hormigón de doble curvatura, diseñada para albergar un programa científico integrado en sus elementos estructurales, destacando la combinación de innovación tecnológica y adaptación al entorno. En este contexto, la cáscara se erige como una “sombra monolítica” que dialoga con el paisaje árido, ofreciendo refugio y habitabilidad en un entorno inhóspito. Esta sombra, concebida como un gesto, responde a las condiciones extremas del desierto, proporcionando un espacio de confort y protección
Real-world outcomes of Finerenone in Primary Aldosteronism
No full textPrimary aldosteronism (PA) treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) is effective but limited by side-effects and low potency of currently available options. Finerenone, a novel MRA, has emerged as a promising alternative but data in PA are lacking. This report presents a real-world study wherein PA patients on eplerenone were forced to switch to finerenone therapy during a national shortage. During treatment with finerenone, blood pressure and antihypertensive dose remained unchanged, but the proportion of patients with normal blood pressure and complete biochemical response was decreased (P = .004 and P = .008, respectively). The latter was determined by a reduction in direct renin concentration, a biomarker previously associated with increased cardiovascular risk in PA. Although these results could be explained by finerenone's unique pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action, further studies are needed to evaluate longitudinal outcomes associated with these findings and determine its effectiveness in PA treatment
Sex-mediated Gene Flow in Grayfoot Chacma Baboons (Papio ursinus griseipes) in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique
No full textDispersal behavior influences gene flow and the spatial distribution of genetic diversity, which is crucial for a species' evolutionary trajectory and population persistence under environmental changes. We used gene flow as a proxy to investigate dispersal patterns in the grayfoot chacma baboon (Papio ursinus griseipes) in Gorongosa National Park (GNP), central Mozambique. The baboons inhabit a mosaic landscape with a seasonally variable environment. Thirty-two years ago, GNP was the epicenter of a major war that severely reduced apex predators, resulting in limited mammalian predation on baboons. We aimed to characterize genetic diversity, examine the extent and direction of sex-biased gene flow at different time frames and investigate changes in population size and recent migration events. We collected 121 non-invasive DNA samples and analyzed uni- and bi-parentally inherited markers, comprising mitochondrial DNA, autosomal and Y-linked microsatellites, at two geographic locations (GNP and Catapú Forest Reserve) 150 km apart. We observed high genetic diversity and no evidence of a recent population decline. We identified six mitochondrial haplotypes, including a genetically distinct one in Catapu Forest Reserve. We found molecular evidence for historical and current male-mediated gene flow and female philopatry. Our results highlight the resilience of dispersal patterns in Papio sp. in diverse and seasonally variable ecosystems which have been disturbed by anthropogenic activities.
O comportamento de dispersão influencia o fluxo genético e a distribuição espacial da diversidade genética, o que é crucial para a trajetória evolutiva da espécie e para a persistência das populações durante mudanças ambientais. Este estudo investiga padrões de dispersão no babuíno chacma de pés cinzentos (Papio ursinus griseipes) no Parque Nacional da Gorongosa (PNG), no centro de Moçambique, usando o fluxo genético como proxy. No PNG, os babuínos habitam uma paisagem em mosaico e mudanças sazonais do ambiente. Há trinta e dois anos, o PNG foi o epicentro de uma guerra civil que reduziu severamente os predadores mamíferos dos babuínos, o que resultou num baixo nível de predação. O impacto da guerra e respetivas perturbações do ecossistema no comportamento dos babuínos, incluindo padrões de dispersão, o fluxo genético, e a trajetória demográfica da população, permanecem pouco compreendidos. Nosso objetivo foi caracterizar a diversidade genética, investigar a extensão e a direção do fluxo genético mediado pelos sexos em diferentes períodos e investigar mudanças no tamanho da população e eventos migratórios recentes. Recolhemos 121 amostras de DNA não invasivas em duas localizações geográficas (PNG e Reserva Florestal de Catapú), que estão distanciadas cerca de 150 km, e analisamos marcadores herdados uni e bi-parentalmente, incluindo o DNA mitocondrial, microssatélites autossómicos e um associado ao cromossoma Y. Os nossos resultados sugerem alta diversidade genética e nenhuma evidência de declínio populacional recente. Identificamos seis haplótipos mitocondriais, incluindo um haplótipo geneticamente diferente na Reserva Florestal de Catapú. O nosso trabalho sugere evidências moleculares para o fluxo genético mediado por machos e a filopatria das fêmeas, tanto histórico como nas últimas gerações. Os nossos resultados evidenciam a resiliência dos padrões de dispersão em Papio sp. em ecossistemas diversas e sazonalmente variáveis, que foi perturbado por atividades antropogénicas
Definition and Characterization of Drought
No full textDrought is a multifaceted and unpredictable climate event with profound effects on ecosystems, communities, and economies. This chapter explores the nature of drought, its origins, and provides defnitions tailored to various affected systems. Additionally, it presents related concepts while addressing potential misunderstandings and their consequences. The chapter also introduces statistical properties and indices for identifying and characterizing drought
Business expectations and public policies amid exogenous shocks: The COVID-19 case in Latin America
No full textHow do public policy responses to exogenous shocks shape business expectations? We examine this question in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the impact of two broad types of policy responses: containment policies (e.g., lockdowns and mobility restrictions) and restorative policies (e.g., vaccine rollouts). Using monthly panel data from 42 countries—20 of which are emerging economies—for the period from 2018 to 2021, we test the effects of both domestic and neighboring countries' policies on business expectations. We find that containment policies significantly depress expectations, while restorative policies enhance them. These effects are moderated by country-level institutional factors such as government trust, political orientation, and financial capacity. We also uncover positive spillover effects from containment policies in neighboring countries. In particular, Latin American countries demonstrate great sensitivity to both domestic and neighboring countries' policies, with this sensitivity being moderated by their institutional characteristics. By focusing on business expectations as a forward-looking mechanism and highlighting institutional and regional variation in responses, this study contributes to research on resilience during global crises.ANID FONDECY
Analysis of copper slag from a Chilean foundry for application as filler material in thermal energy storage systems
No full textIn the field of solar thermal storage systems, metallurgical industry by-products have been proposed as filler materials for packed-bed thermal energy storage due to their low cost and suitable thermophysical properties. One of these by-products is copper slag, which has emerged as a competitive option compared to other types of industrial by-products. However, further research of its properties, composition, and heterogeneity is needed to fully address its potential as a storage medium. Approximately 2.2 tons of copper slag is produced per ton of copper extracted, posing disposal challenges for mining companies. Hence, there is growing interest in finding secondary uses for these slags. The present study investigated samples of copper slag from a Chilean foundry disposal site. Elemental and mineral characterization revealed that this heterogeneous material has high iron content with both amorphous and crystalline phases present. The evaluation of thermophysical properties showed stable specific heat capacity that increases with temperature within the range of 100 °C to 450 °C. However, these profiles exhibit variability in heat capacity, particularly at higher temperatures, which decreases with subsequent heating cycles. The results suggest that copper slag has potential as an alternative material for sensible heat storage in packed-bed systems, nonetheless, assessing the variability of its thermophysical properties is crucial to establish its feasibility for sustainable energy solutions
Pasaje adulto: un recorrido para potenciar habilidades digitales de apropiación en favor del desarrollo comunitario de las mujeres en la era digital
No full textTesis (Magíster en Comunicación Social con mención en Comunicación y Educación)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2025La adquisición, uso y comprensión de las habilidades digitales permite el empoderamiento de las personas como ciudadanos activos y críticos ante un mundo hiperconectado a través de Internet. En particular, la estrategia busca consolidar, a través de las habilidades digitales de apropiación, una mejora sustancial en el desarrollo comunitario y en la calidad de vida de las mujeres de Padre Las Casas, Región de la Araucanía, Chile con una mirada de replicabilidad en otras comunas del país. El diagnóstico y estrategia desprende cuatro planes de acción que buscan entrelazar la mirada social, fomento lector, adquisición de recursos digitales esenciales para la sociedad de hoy, y la transversalidad de los elementos aunados en favor de una comprensión total de la estrategia presentada. "Pasaje Adulto” surge como una propuesta educomunicativa para fomentar el desarrollo de habilidades digitales claves, que faciliten el acceso a la oferta de recursos estatales, abordando la alfabetización digital no solo como una herramienta sino como una experiencia significativa de concientización e integración de la realidad social actual, El plan propone el uso de material audiovisual, un taller teórico/práctico y un conversatorio tipo Podcast, como actividades de acercamiento a las herramientas digitales para la autonomía de la comunidad en asuntos administrativos de tipo estatal