Hospital Clínico de la Universidad Católica
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile: Repositorio UCNot a member yet
70241 research outputs found
Sort by
Sentido identitario de docentes en formación en momentos de ruptura. Narrativas de profesoras ante eventos inesperados
No full textTesis (Magíster en Psicología Educacional)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024Esta investigación analizó las articulaciones de sentido identitario construidas por estudiantes de pedagogía frente a momentos de ruptura durante su formación, derivados de eventos normativos ligados a la historia y no-normativos. El estudio se centró en un programa de Pedagogía en Educación General Básica de una universidad tradicional privada en Chile, explorando la construcción de sentido identitario en un curso sobre Creencias Epistemológicas (evento no-normativo) y durante la revuelta social y pandemia (eventos normativos según la historia). Se formularon tres hipótesis: i) el evento no-normativo genera rupturas en la formación que impactan la identidad de manera diferente que los eventos normativos derivados de la historia; ii) La intensidad de la articulación del sentido identitario varía según el tipo de evento y las circunstancias individuales; iii) Las rupturas durante la formación pueden representar tanto oportunidades de transformación como de vulnerabilidad. Se empleó un diseño cualitativo múltiple de casos con muestreo no probabilístico intencionado, involucrando a doce estudiantes (11 mujeres, promedio de 23 años), agrupadas según el evento investigado. Se realizaron ocho entrevistas sobre el curso y once sobre los eventos históricos. El análisis siguió el enfoque de sentido identitario de la formación (Sebastián et al., 2016) y la metodología de Gallardo (2012). Los hallazgos identificaron tres modalidades de articulación del sentido identitario (fuerte, intermedia y débil) para cada evento, además de una cuarta modalidad (suspendida) asociada a eventos normativos históricos, junto con ejes temáticos transversales. La investigación explora la articulación de sentido identitario en distintos niveles y situaciones, junto con el rol que puede tomar para el aprendizaje los momentos de ruptura, pero también para la vulnerabilidad. Se resalta además el potencial transformador del curso y la influencia significativa de los eventos históricos en las trayectorias identitarias de las estudiantes.Fondecyt Regular 117085
Relación entre las ACEs de los cuidadores, ACEs infantiles y sintomatología emocional y conductual infantil: Efectos de una intervención basada en videofeedback para cuidadores
No full textTesis (Magíster en Psicología Clínica)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024La literatura ha estudiado que las Experiencias Adversas en la Infancia (ACEs) de los cuidadores puede influir negativamente sobre la parentalidad. A su vez, se ha demostrado que la salud mental de los/as niños/as, especialmente a nivel emocional y conductual, puede verse afectada por las ACEs de los cuidadores y de los/as mismos niños/as. Los primeros dos primeros objetivos del presente estudio describen la relación entre ACEs de los/as niños/as, ACEs de los cuidadores y sintomatología emocional y conductual infantil; el tercer objetivo consistió en analizar el efecto de una intervención basada en videofeedback, a nivel conductual y emocional en niños y niñas entre 2 y 5 años en Chile, considerando las experiencias adversas tempranas de los infantes y la de sus cuidadores. Entre los principales hallazgos, se observó que un mayor puntaje en experiencias adversas tempranas de los cuidadores, medido a través del ACE-IQ, se asocia con un mayor puntaje en las experiencias adversas de los/as niños/as, evaluadas mediante el PEARLS. A su vez, se observó que los/as niños/as con un mayor número de experiencias adversas tempranas presentaron más problemas de salud mental. En cuanto a la efectividad de la intervención, los resultados basados en el puntaje del SDQ mostraron que la intervención completa de 9 sesiones tuvo un efecto significativo en la reducción de la sintomatología emocional y conductual de los/as niños/as. Asimismo, al considerar las experiencias adversas de los/as niños/as se observó que la intervención completa fue efectiva en niños/as que no habían experimentado alguna experiencia adversa
Retirement trajectories in chile: highly gendered and relatively de-standardized.
No full textTesis (Magíster en Sociología)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2025This thesis investigates the gendered and de-standardized nature of retirement trajectories in Chile, drawing from life course theory, the de-standardization of the life course, and cumulative (dis)advantages frameworks. Building on international research emphasizing the diversification of late-life transitions, this study examines the interplay between labor force status, occupational prestige, and gender using Multi-Channel Sequence Analysis (MCSA). Panel data from five waves of the Social Protection Survey (EPS) are analyzed to reconstruct retirement trajectories for men and women separately. Six representative patterns are identified for each gender, highlighting stark differences: men predominantly experience gradual transitions through partial retirement, often reflecting the concept of "bridge employment." In contrast, women’s trajectories are marked by abrupt shifts, often characterized by extended periods out of the labor force—a feminized state tied to irregular workforce participation. Occupational prestige emerges as a critical factor: individuals in high-prestige occupations follow more uniform trajectories, while those in low-prestige roles exhibit greater diversity and complexity. These findings underscore how Chile's privatized pension system and gendered labor market exacerbate cumulative disadvantages, especially for women. By analyzing the intersection of institutional frameworks, occupational prestige, and gender, this thesis contributes to debates on the pluralization and differentiation of life courses, offering insights into retirement dynamics in stratified and liberal welfare contexts.Keywords: Retirement trajectories, Gender, De-standardization, Life course theory, Occupational prestige
Themes and sentiments in conversations about food waste on Twitter: Proposal of a framework using neural topic modeling
No full textThere is growing research interest in the role of social media in the food industry, and its potential has yet to be fully exploited. This study extracted and analyzed data from Twitter, now X, (2018-2023) using relevant keywords related to food waste (FW), identified frequently discussed topics, and determined the sentiments involved in tweets. With the aid of neural topic modeling techniques, this study found that the main topics discussed in this social network include "Food and Garden Waste Composting and Recycling," "Global Food Waste and Management," "Reducing Food Waste & Saving Money," "Single-Use Plastic and Waste Management," and "Creative Uses of Leftovers in Meals". Some of the subject categories often discussed are FW Environmental concerns, FW events, Leftovers management, and FW household management. Most subject categories are associated with positive sentiments, which are associated with topics like tips and recommendations for reducing FW. Negative sentiments are related to discussions around the environmental and social impacts of FW. Our study found a gap in knowledge and awareness of food recycling practices. Our study extends previous research because the analyzed messages are not restricted to specific geographical regions. Moreover, our study also used a more varied dataset in terms of user profiles and employed a search string that comprised a more varied set of terms, making our search more thorough. A comprehensive framework of discussed topics and associated sentiments is proposed. Our study has crucial implications for the design of FW reduction campaigns and interventions in social media
The therapeutic alliance negotiation in the “Here and Now”: therapists’ mindfulness and its influence in the psychotherapeutic process
No full textTesis (Ph.D. in Psychotherapy)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2025Therapeutic alliance ruptures have been understood as a lack of cooperation in the tasks or objectives, or tension in the affective bond, including drastic breakdowns in collaboration, understanding, or communication, and lesser tensions of which one or both participants may remain not fully aware (Muran & Eubanks, 2020; Salgado, 2016). They are presented through behaviors in which the patient or the therapist directly expresses rage, resentment, or dissatisfaction with some aspects of the therapy or with the other, and/or the patient and/or therapist disconnects or distances from the other, from their own emotions, or certain aspects of the psychotherapeutic process. A large body of research has highlighted the importance of the recognition, agreement, and resolution of ruptures for therapeutic change and positive therapy outcomes, as well as the influence of some therapists’ factors that contribute to this process. Even though mindfulness has been proposed extensively as a facilitative factor when therapists need to deal with difficult moments in the psychotherapeutic process, there are some gaps in how mindfulness is displayed during the psychotherapeutic process, particularly at times when therapists require full attention to what is going on with their patients, while regulating their reactions and how it could be associated with the therapeutic alliance negotiation and the patient’s experience. This work aims to evaluate the association between the therapist’s mindfulness, the process of the therapeutic alliance negotiation between patient and therapist, and the session’s impact on the patient through a therapeutic naturalistic micro process study in a sample of 6 therapeutic dyads. For this purpose, mindfulness state and in action, therapeutic alliance negotiation, and patient experience measures were taken. Mindfulness state showed to have a relationship with the emotional state at the end of the sessions for patients, but not with the assessment of them. Also, the mindfulness state did not show a significant influence on the process of therapeutic alliance ruptures and resolution, and only a few mindfulness-in-action indicators showed a higher probability of predicting different types of ruptures. Less evidence was found about the potential of the prediction of mindfulness in action on resolution strategies. However, these results provide preliminary evidence about how therapists use different characteristics of mindfulness during critical moments in therapy and about the importance of moving from intrapersonal mindfulness to interpersonal or relational mindfulness in the training of therapists.The results should be taken with caution given the small sample size and the lack of control of other variables that may influence this study.ANI
"La Ceremonia"
No full textTransferencia de imagen sobre papel de pita, para la Trienal de la India en representación de Chile junto a otros artistas destacados.Triennal of India, New Delhi, IndiaConsulado de Chile, IndiaLalit Kala Gallery, IndiaIndira Gandhi National Center for the Arts, IndiaCrafts Museum, New Delhi, Indi
Los problemas de fundación para el aristotelismo
No full textEl aristotelismo se entiende aquí como la posición según la cual: (i) hay universales y particulares delgados que instancian esos universales, y (ii) necesariamente los universales deben ser instanciados en algún objeto u objetos, y necesariamente los particulares delgados deben instanciar algún universal. Los universales tienen un perfil de fundación general. Los universales aristotélicos, así como los particulares delgados aristotélicos, también tienen perfiles de fundación especiales. Se argumenta aquí que la conjunción del perfil de fundamentación general para los universales y los perfiles de fundación aristotélicos especiales genera al menos tres ciclos de prioridad ontológica que ponen en cuestión la coherencia del aristotelismo
Maternal Depression and Parenting-Related Distress: Pathways of Transmission to Early Childhood Development in Chile
No full textMaternal mental-health problems during early childhood can affect child development. However, most research has focused on depressive symptoms. We aimed to examine two distinct presentations of mental-health problems (depressive and parenting-related-distress symptoms) during early childhood and their indirect associations with infants’ cognitive, expressive, and receptive language at 3 years old via maternal sensitivity, intrusiveness, and cognitive stimulation in Chile. Using data from Mil Primeros Días, the study involved 940 families. Maternal mental-health problems and mother–child interactions were assessed in 2019 using self-reports and observational scales. Children’s outcomes were evaluated at age 3 in 2021. Findings support significant combined indirect effects of parenting-related distress on children’s expressive language. Conversely, no significant pathways were found for maternal depressive symptoms and child outcomes. We offer suggestions for health and early childhood policies focused on early identification of mental-health issues and mother–child interaction styles that promote children’s development
Neurotechonologies and Neurorights: A Review on the Occasion of Chilean Constitutional Reform
No full text© 2025 Universidad Externado de Colombia. All rights reserved.Brain computer interfaces are the result of applying classical information theories to the field of neurology. This issue raises a series of challenges that must be addressed normatively through the law. This work attempts to describe the technological systems that make the configuration of neuro-rights necessary, as well as to account for the initial effects of the constitutional reform that introduced them into the Chilean legal system.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo-ANIDConcrete Innovation Hub UCFONDECYTFONDECY
EVERYDAY HAZARDS IN THE EXPERIENCE OF WOMEN WHO INHABIT INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN COPIAPÓ, CHILEAMENAZAS COTIDIANAS EN LA EXPERIENCIA DE MUJERES QUE HABITAN EN ASENTAMIENTOS INFORMALES DE COPIAPÓ, CHILE
No full text© 2025, Corporation for the Management and Reduction of Disaster Risk in Chile (GRID-Chile). All rights reserved.The increase of informal settlements in Chile, along with the identification of over 399 settlements located in risk zones, depicts a concerning picture and emphasizes the importance of understanding the situation of resident groups more thoroughly. Considering this context, I argue that individuals living in informal settlements not only confront hazards related to their geographical location but also small-scale hazards, which I have explored through the concept of 'everyday hazards'. This article examines the nature of the everyday hazards and their impact on the experience of women living in informal settlements in the city of Copiapó (northern Chile). The methodology employed was qualitative, primarily using life-history interviews. The findings highlight that the participants called and identified everyday hazards as ‘dangers.’ The 'everyday hazards' could be classified as natural hazards, anthropogenic hazards, health hazards, and ‘difficult moments’, and are closely tied to their socio-material living conditions.Chilean National Agency for Research and DevelopmentChilean National Agency for Research and Developmen