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Mycelium Cocoon: Additive Robotic Fabrication for Mycelium Building Envelopes
No full textThis project investigates the potential of mycelium, a biological material, as a construction material for building envelopes, using an innovative additive robotic fabrication strategy inspired by the Clay Rotunda project. The methodology involved developing mycelium-inoculated building blocks and assembling them into prototypes via a robotic arm. Appropriate substrates and fungal strains were selected, and moulds were designed to shape the blocks. A parametric design tool was employed to devise the assembly and determine the robotic arm's trajectories. A bespoke end effector wasdeveloped to facilitate the gentle holding and placement of the mycelium blocks.Consequently, a scaled prototype was constructed as proof of concept. This article represents the initial phase of an ongoing state-funded research project to develop construction technology using mycelium as a sustainable binder with an innovative digital fabrication technique
La formación teológica posconciliar del clero: el caso latinoamericano
No full textLa teología al servicio de la formación del clero latinoamericano ha experimentado una enorme transformación desde el Concilio Vaticano II en adelante, gracias sobre todo al decreto Optatam totius. La Iglesia latinoamericana, inspirada además en Gaudium et spes, ha procurado dar a esta enseñanza teológica una orientación netamente pastoral. La presente investigación informa acerca de los propósitos formativos teológicos generales de los seminarios, institutos y facultades de teología. Comienza con una indagación en los consilia et vota de los obispos antes de Vaticano II y termina con el estudio de las rationes de la formación del clero de varios países. Haber deseado capacitar a los seminaristas para el discernimiento de los signos de los tiempos despunta como una originalidad específica. Queda pendiente, en todo caso, un estudio comparado del pensum de los estudios de la teología. Recién entonces podrá concluirse si esta enseñanza se ha liberado de dependencia intelectual de la Iglesia europea
Search for same-charge top-quark pair production in pp collisions at Vs = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textA search for the production of top-quark pairs with the same electric charge (tt or tt)) is presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data at Vs = 13 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. Events with two same-charge leptons and at least two b-tagged jets are selected. Neural networks are employed to define two selections sensitive to additional couplings beyond the Standard Model that would enhance the production rate of same-sign top-quark pairs. No significant signal is observed, leading to an upper limit on the total production cross-section of same-sign top-quark pairs of 1.6 fb at 95% confidence level. Corresponding limits on the three Wilson coefficients associated with the O tu 1 , O Qu 1 , and O Qu 8 operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory framework are derived
Enhanced mechanical and tribological performance of additively manufactured 316L steel by MoS2-reinforcement
No full text316L stainless steel is commonly used in industrial and biomedical applications due to its corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, though its wear resistance is limited. This study aims to enhance the wear performance of 316L using additive manufacturing (AM) via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), reinforcing it with MoS2 particles. Metal matrix composites (MMCs) were fabricated with MoS2 particles of different combinations in size (1.5, 4.5, 12.5 µm) and concentration (1, 3, 5 wt-%). Increasing MoS2 content reduced the density across all particle sizes due to MoS2′s lower intrinsic density, with smaller particles increasing surface roughness and larger particles reducing roughness variation while enhancing hardness. Notable variations in the coefficient of friction and wear coefficients were observed across different composites and temperatures in a steel ball-on-three-MMC plate setup under dry conditions. At 25 °C, 4.5 µm MoS2 at 5 wt-% reduced MMC plates’ wear by 96.3 % and counter body (steel ball) wear by 85.5 %. At 37 °C, 12.5 µm MoS2 at 1 wt-% reduced plate wear by 97.1 % and ball wear by 91 %. These improvements were attributed to enhanced solid lubrication and load distribution, particularly with optimal MoS2 size and concentration. This research highlights the potential of LPBF-AM in producing high-performance 316L MMCs for applications requiring improved wear resistance.Schaeffler FAG FoundationANID/FONDECYT; Folios de beca: 3230027 y 180081Fondecyt de PostdoctoradoPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicerrectoría Académica (VRA
Biogenic palm oil-based greases with glycerol monostearate and soy wax: A rheological and tribological study
No full textThe increasing environmental concerns associated with conventional lubricants have led to a growing interest in sustainable alternatives, particularly biogenic grease. This study introduces a novel approach to synthesizing and characterizing fully biodegradable greases using palm oil as the base oil and renewable biothickeners, namely glycerol monostearate (GMS) and soywax (SW). The innovation lies in utilizing the distinct properties of these biothickeners to optimize the grease structure and performance for industrial applications. GMS enhances the consistency and mechanical stability, while SW controls the elasticity and oil bleeding. Rheological analysis shows that GMS exhibits the thickening capabilities at room temperature (RT) to achieve common grease consistencies, while SW enhances elasticity, achieving a unique balance of firmness and flexibility. Thermal analysis indicates that GMS-based greases had higher thermal stability, while SW enhance low-temperature performance. Tribological testing reveals a reduction in friction and wear, with an earlier transition to the mixed lubrication regime compared to a reference commercial grease (CG). Under boundary lubrication, GMSbased samples perform better than the CG, particularly under higher contact pressures. In contrast, SW-based formulations demonstrate better lubrication at lower contact pressures. In fluid friction regimes, almost all biobased samples outperform the CG, showing potential for high-speed applications. When tested in angular contact ball bearings under oscillating motion (a typical moderate temperature application), the bio-greases show decent results in preventing false brinelling. This study highlights the potential of these eco-friendly formulations as a viable alternative to conventional greases
Interdisciplinarity and local knowledge to foster community resilience in disaster risk management: A community-based educational approach on the Chilean coast
No full textThis article explores the transformative potential of community-based disaster risk management (DRM) schools by emphasizing the critical role of comprehensive, participatory, and inclusive approaches in resilience building. Using the Environmental Community School of the Coast (ECAC) in Cartagena, Chile, as a case study, it demonstrates how integrating local and scientific knowledge through interdisciplinary collaboration fosters socio-environmental governance and community resilience. This approach aligns with international frameworks advocating for multistakeholder participation, communication, education, and shared responsibilities across sectors. Developed through participatory action research and co-creation with local communities, the ECAC illustrates how interdisciplinary efforts can address socio-environmental challenges and shape disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies. The article discusses the theoretical and practical contributions of the ECAC, highlighting its innovative educational model, the challenges of interdisciplinary work, and the importance of social learning and local engagement. Findings underscore the necessity of addressing social vulnerabilities through community-based education programs, which enhance resilience by preserving traditional knowledge, fostering community cohesion, and empowering local decision-making. This research contributes to the literature on DRM and community resilience by presenting a replicable framework for inclusive disaster governance and transformative learning. It reflects on academia's evolving role in fostering interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaboration, offering evidence-based insights into the success factors and challenges of creating community schools capable of enhancing territorial resilience and socio-environmental governance
COVID-19, Autism, and Isolation: Good Practices for Continuity of Care During the Pandemic
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic, and particularly the associated conditions of isola-tion, has detrimental effects on the mental health of the population that arenot yet fully understood. Variables such as individual stress, anxiety, andtolerance to uncertainty may play a role in the ability of individuals to adaptto the isolation situation. In this context, it is necessary to pay attention topopulation groups that present difficulties in adapting to this situation ofuncertainty, such as people with autism. This narrative review of the evi-dence has as objectives to explore (1) the effect that the autism communityhas experienced as a result of the lockdown and isolation due to COVID-19;and (2) opportunities for health, educational, and social services providers tosupport people with autism and their families in isolation in an attempt toensure that specialized interventions continue as much as possible. We mapsuggestions regarding information delivery, time management at home,recognition and emotional expression, and some suggestions to maintainsupport with service provider
Enzymes of glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway as targets of oxidants: Role of redox reactions on the carbohydrate catabolism
No full textRedox reactions can modulate metabolic and signaling pathways with consequences on cellular adaptation to different stimuli. The abundance and structural features of some metabolic enzymes make these targets of oxidants, including one- and two-electron oxidant molecules, altering their structure and/or function. Therefore, redox processes play an important role in physiology and pathology. In particular, the oxidative post- translational modification of the enzymes that participate in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) can modulate the carbon flux affecting synthesis of nucleotides, as well as production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reducing equivalents (in the form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NADPH). Specifically, generation of NADPH, a cofactor important for cell homeostasis, is key to the management of the redox status of cells towards oxidative insults. In this review we discuss the available literature on the impact of oxidative post-translational modifications on key glycolytic and PPP enzymes with an analysis of the consequences these may have for cell metabolic adaptation. We also discuss the contributions of new experimental and in silico approaches to the redox biochemistry field, which have significantly illuminated the intricate relationship between the pathways involved in carbohydrate metabolism and how these could be regulated by redox reactions
Hacia una temporalidad no-horizontal: creación bottoms-up y ecosistemas en tres composiciones
No full textTesis (Magíster en Artes)--Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024El espacio temporal en el que se desenvuelven los sonidos es descrito por Xenakis (1992) como “la acera o la arcilla en donde se inscriben operaciones y relaciones” (p. 5). Allí es donde el/la compositor/a inserta los sonidos y los organiza uno tras otro, a veces mediante procedimientos definidos, otras veces de manera intuitiva. A medida que cambian las perspectivas en torno al tiempo hacia una temporalidad vertical, otras formas y/o estructuras emergen, como aquellas exploradas por Stockhausen (momentform), o bien aquellas descritas por Kramer (1981). El presente escrito expande las consideraciones en torno a temporalidad en música y establece un diálogo entre estas y el pensamiento sistémico, desde Bertalanffy hasta las aplicaciones musicales de Di-Scipio, Kollias y Davis. No se proponen aquí nuevas ideas en torno a sistemas y tiempo, puesto que ya existe una modesta literatura al respecto. Más bien, en este escrito se ahonda en el proceso de composición y puesta en marcha de tres obras que me han permitido una exploración personal de diferentes temporalidades. Estas son "Solo Poem for a Twitter Bot" (2021), "Tremor Machine" (2021) y "Es_i#" (2023). A través de una investigación imbricada en la experimentación y la explicación en detalle de las piezas, se muestra en este escrito un proceso de descubrimiento y consolidación de ideas en torno a la composición. Más específicamente, en la intersección de temporalidad vertical y sistema, la composición bottoms-up (Davis, 2010) se asoma como una perspectiva creativa importante
Challenges in the management of alcohol-associated liver disease in Latin America
No full textFONDECYT; Folio de beca: 124145