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    20791 research outputs found

    Functional Posttraumatic Cognitions Questionnaire (FPTCQ)

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    The self-report measure is designed for school-aged children and adolescents who have been exposed to a potentially traumatic event (PTE). The measure consists of 11 functional posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs) rated on a 4-point Likert scale with 0 (don’t agree at all), 1 (don’t agree a bit), 2 (agree a bit), and 3 (agree a lot). Functional PTCs are about accepting that the PTE has happened, realistically evaluating the PTE and its consequences, and continuing one’s life. The FPTCQ was validated in 114 children and adolescents aged 7-15 years exposed to acute accidental PTE (road traffic accident, burn injury). The measure was found to be a reliable and valid measure for standardised assessment of functional PTCs in children and adolescents. Meaningful negative correlations emerged between functional PTCs and self-reported posttraumatic stress symptoms and anxiety (de Haan, Haag, Degen & Landolt, 2021). Further validation studies are needed to determine the appropriateness and utility for children and adolescents exposed to interpersonal PTEs and in clinical settings.de Haan, A., Haag, A.-C., Degen, E., & Landolt, M. A. (2021). Development and validation of the Functional Posttraumatic Cognitions Questionnaire (FPTCQ) in children and adolescents exposed to accidental trauma. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 13(5), 514–521. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000979Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant 100019_162661)File including items, scale, introductory phrase, contact information, and reference of validation studyunknownunknow

    KLARpsy-Text: Verändert sich nach einer Behandlung von Depression etwas im Gehirn der Betroffenen?

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    KLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Verändert sich nach einer Behandlung von Depression etwas im Gehirn der Betroffenen?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Bei einer Depression arbeitet das Gehirn oft anders als bei gesunden Menschen. Das haben viele Studien gezeigt. Es gibt verschiedene Möglichkeiten, eine Depression zu behandeln, zum Beispiel mit Medikamenten oder Psychotherapie. Wie sich diese Behandlungen auf das Gehirn auswirken, ist bisher unklar. Gibt es Unterschiede im Gehirn vor und nach einer erfolgreichen Behandlung gegen Depression? Nach einer Behandlung bei Depression verändern sich bestimmte Bereiche im Gehirn. Besonders betroffen sind Regionen, die Gefühle verarbeiten und kontrollieren. Dazu gehören der rechte Mandelkern, die Hippocampuswindung, der Thalamus auf beiden Seiten, die vordere Gürtelwindung und die mittlere Stirnwindung auf der rechten Seite. Auch in der rechten Insula und im Claustrum gibt es Veränderungen.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow

    Supplementary materials to "Examining a factor structure of home math activities by math subdomain with associations to children’s math skills" [Other]

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    Supplementary materials [Other]. The related article is McGregor Reiner, R., Leyva, D., Ribner, A., & Libertus, M. E. (2025). Examining a factor structure of home math activities by math subdomain with associations to children’s math skills. Journal of Numerical Cognition, 11, Article e13979. https://doi.org/10.5964/jnc.13979The Supplementary Materials contain histograms of the distributions of frequency ratings for the home math activities items.unknownunknow

    Overlap in erotic age preferences: Support for the chronophilia theory in a community self-report sample of males

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    Seto (2017) proposes sexual orientation not only varies as a function of gender, but also as a function of age. Few studies have examined the conceptualization of sexual age orientation. The current study evaluates the polymorphism of sexual interest in children (i.e., simultaneous attraction to multiple age categories), the exclusivity of sexual interest (i.e., attraction to children only or children and adults), and gender preference (i.e., preference for males or females) in the general population. Data were obtained through adult males (N = 170) using online self-reports (overlapping sample from Mundy & Cioe, 2019). Findings revealed that most individuals reporting sexual attraction to multiple age categories had a higher degree of preference for one age group over others. When looking at sexual interest in children among teleiophilic individuals, the concordance indices were higher between adjacent age groups compared to distant age groups. Specifically, among individuals who reported teleiophilic sexual interest, 36% were also reporting hebephilic sexual interest (adjacent category), while 17.7% reported pedophilic sexual interest (non-adjacent category). Finally, there was a significant positive correlation between pedophilic interest and hebephilic interest (τb = .602, p < .001). Together, results provide support for the chronophilia theory. Concordance indices in future studies may inform differences between exclusive and nonexclusive interest in children and aid the development of informed risk assessment tools and destigmatized prevention programs.peerReviewedpublishedVersio

    Supplementary materials to "Assessing perinatal psychiatric morbidity: Implications for maternal mental health care in Italy" [Other]

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    Supplementary materials [Other]. The related article is Ciuffo, G., Landoni, M., & Ionio, C. (2025). Assessing perinatal psychiatric morbidity: Implications for maternal mental health care in Italy. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 7(3), Article e15117. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.15117Supplementary File 1 – Table 1 and Measures (see Ciuffo et al., 2025S): This Supplementary Material includes a table summarizing the demographic characteristics and obstetric information of the 175 Italian mothers who participated in the study. It provides details such as maternal age, region of residence, marital status, occupation, educational attainment, and various obstetric variables, including mode of delivery and maternal/infant complications during birth. Additionally, the Supplementary Material offers detailed information on the self-report questionnaires used in the study: the City Birth Trauma Scale (City BiTS), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS), and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Each measure is described in terms of its structure, scoring, and internal reliability.unknownunknow

    KLARpsy-Text: Helfen psychologische Interventionen gegen Lampenfieber?

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    KLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Helfen psychologische Interventionen gegen Lampenfieber?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Im Leistungssport und in der darstellenden Kunst kann starke Versagensangst zu Problemen führen: Sie schränkt die Leistungsfähigkeit ein und hängt mit weniger Lebensqualität zusammen. Dabei ist besonders die Ausführung von feinmotorischen Bewegungen von starker Versagensangst betroffen. Durch Forschung ist bereits bekannt, dass psychologische Interventionen, wie beispielsweise Achtsamkeitstrainings oder motivierende Selbstgespräche, Versagensangst verringern können. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: Welchen Effekt haben psychologische Interventionen auf die Versagensangst in einer Leistungssituation von Athlet:innen und Künstler:innen? Lässt sich dieser Effekt auch auf die allgemeine Neigung zu Ängstlichkeit übertragen? Personen, die vor einem künstlerischen Auftritt oder sportlichen Wettkampf stehen und an einer psychologischen Intervention teilnahmen, berichten von weniger Versagensangst als Personen, die nicht an einer psychologischen Intervention teilnahmen.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow

    KLARpsy-Text: Fühlen Menschen sich weniger einsam, wenn sie stärker sozial vernetzt sind?

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    KLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Fühlen Menschen sich weniger einsam, wenn sie stärker sozial vernetzt sind?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Wenn man sich einsam fühlt, hat dies häufig negative Auswirkungen auf die psychische und auf die körperliche Gesundheit. Studien haben gezeigt, dass Menschen, die wenig soziale Unterstützung erfahren, häufiger einsam sind. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den verschiedenen Studien unterscheiden sich jedoch stark. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: 1) Fühlen sich Menschen, die mehr soziale Unterstützung erfahren, weniger einsam? 2) Gibt es Merkmale, die den Zusammenhang beeinflussen? Menschen, die viel soziale Unterstützung erfahren, fühlen sich insgesamt weniger einsam. Der Zusammenhang ist besonders stark, wenn diese Unterstützung von Freund:innen kommt. Für Menschen in ländlichen Regionen ist der Zusammenhang außerdem stärker als für Menschen in Städten.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow

    The role of grammatical gender and gender stereotypes in noun processing: The tug of war in Greek

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    The present study examined the interaction of grammatical gender and gender stereotypes in Modern Greek. Native Greek adults were primed with Greek occupational nouns of common gender (i.e., nouns that are used for both male and female characters) with a masculine ending and a stereotypically male or female bias (e.g., iδravlikós ‘plumber’ and esθitikós ‘beautician’), followed by a masculine or feminine pronoun target (aftós ‘he’ or aftí ‘she’), forming stereotypically congruent (iδravlikós – aftós, ‘plumber – he’, esθitikós – aftí, ‘beautician - she’) and incongruent (iδravlikós – aftí, ‘plumber – she’, esθitikós – aftós, ‘beautician - he’) prime-target pairs. The participants’ task was to decide the gender of the pronoun, and their response times were measured. An effect of congruency was found for masculine pronouns, with slower response times when the masculine pronoun had been primed with a stereotypically female role noun. No such effect of congruency was found for feminine pronouns. This suggests that not only gender stereotypicality but also the morphological form of the noun influenced processing in Greek role nouns. Specifically, apparent morphosyntactic cues, albeit being uninformative about referential gender, seemingly generated a male bias and mitigated the impact of gender stereotypes associated with female-biased role nouns in prime-target pairs involving a feminine pronoun, reflecting an interaction between grammatical form and stereotype.peerReviewedpublishedVersio

    Continuous hand-arm vibrations do not interfere with cognitive processing

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    When humans engage in closely coupled human-machine interactions, they often experience hand-arm vibrations, which are a byproduct of the running machine. Yet, in closely coupled human-machine interactions, it is important to ensure that human attention and cognition remains sufficiently high to avoid accidents and to achieve a good performance. The aim of the present study was to examine whether hand-arm vibrations impact on cognitive processing. In two studies, we investigated the impact of constant or random vibration compared to a baseline condition without vibration on selective attention. In detail we assessed overall performance (RT and error rates) and the congruency effect in a flanker task (Experiment 1) and a temporal flanker task (Experiment 2). In Experiment 2, we additionally explored experienced vibration comfort and discomfort, two constructs often considered in ergonomics. In both experiments hand-arm vibrations neither affected mean response times nor proportion of correct responses. Additionally, hand-arm vibrations did not modulate the congruency effect. Exp. 2 revealed that vibration comfort and discomfort seem to correlate with task-performance. We conclude that hand-arm vibrations in general do not impact on cognitive processing, but it seems important to consider which vibration is selected to achieve optimal performance depending on user experience.notReviewedothe

    Linear classification methods for multivariate repeated measures data — A simulation study

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    Researchers in the behavioral and social sciences use linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for predictions of group membership (classification) and for identifying the variables most relevant to group separation among a set of continuous correlated variables (description). In these and other disciplines, longitudinal data are often collected which provide additional temporal information. Linear classification methods for repeated measures data are more sensitive to actual group differences by taking the complex correlations between time points and variables into account, but are rarely discussed in the literature. Moreover, psychometric data rarely fulfill the multivariate normality assumption.In this paper, we compare existing linear classification algorithms for nonnormally distributed multivariate repeated measures data in a simulation study based on psychological questionnaire data comprising Likert scales. The results show that in data without any specific assumed structure and larger sample sizes, the robust alternatives to standard repeated measures LDA may not be needed. To our knowledge, this is one of the few studies discussing repeated measures classification techniques, and the first one comparing multiple alternatives among each other.peerReviewedpublishedVersio

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