PsychArchives (ZPID Leibniz-Zentrum für Psychologische Information und Dokumentation)
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Momentary Positive and Negative Affect Are Measured Differently Across Individuals
No full textStudies on momentary affect typically use self-report measures to study within-person dynamics. However, it is rarely tested whether the key assumption of measurement invariance is met in these studies. We examined whether positive and negative affect measures were invariant across individuals and across time. Using a large multi-wave measurement burst design, we investigated measurement invariance within and across three experience sampling phases, covering a six-year time span in participants’ lives.
The study included 581 individuals (12 to > 85 years) who reported their momentary positive (joyful, content, interested) and negative affect (downhearted, angry, anxious) across three measurement bursts. Each bursts involved six daily assessments on at least nine days over a three-week period (M = 54 assessments per participant).
Our analyses revealed that there was minimal variation in loadings and intercepts across measurement occasions, supporting measurement invariance across time. However, the loadings varied substantially across individuals, indicating that the latent variables measuring momentary affect differed between individuals. This finding challenges the assumption that momentary affect is measured uniformly across individuals. We discuss the implications of these results and propose potential ways of addressing measurement non-invariance in this context.notReviewedothe
Managing a privileged group identity – Adaption and validation of a German 4D-scale
No full textIn the present paper we introduce a German measure of managing a privileged group identity. We translated and adapted the 4D-Scale (Shuman et al., 2024) to the German context and validated it across three distinct samples. Results of Study 1 (N = 346), Study 2 (N = 342), and Study 3 (N = 204) confirm the psychometric qualities of the German measure and replicate the 5-factor-structure including the management strategies Defend, Deny, Distance from Inequality, Distance from Identity and Dismantle. Moreover, Studies 1 and 2 provide evidence for the measure’s construct validity and measurement invariance, while Study 3 offers additional support of its predictive validity and test-retest reliability within two weeks. The content of the first item of the Distancing from Identity subscale is not valid and is therefore not recommended for studies in the German context.peerReviewedpublishedVersio
KLARpsy-Text: Hängt Langeweile mit einer häufigeren und problematischeren Nutzung digitaler Medien zusammen?
No full textKLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Hängt Langeweile mit einer häufigeren und problematischeren Nutzung digitaler Medien zusammen?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Es gibt verschiedene Theorien, die erklären, warum Menschen langweilig wird. Langeweile kann beispielsweise entstehen, wenn man sich unterfordert fühlt oder in einer Aufgabe keinen Sinn sieht. Studien haben gezeigt, dass Langweile mit riskanten Verhaltensweisen wie Drogenkonsum zusammenhängen kann. Gleichzeitig zeigen Studien, dass viele Menschen digitale Medien nutzen, um sich abzulenken, wenn ihnen langweilig ist. Dazu gehören Smartphones oder Tablets, mit denen man im Internet surfen und verschiedene Apps nutzen kann. Bisher ist noch nicht eindeutig geklärt, ob Langeweile auch mit einer Neigung zur problematischen Nutzung von digitalen Medien zusammenhängt. Man spricht von einer problematischen Nutzung, wenn sie übermäßig wird, den Alltag bestimmt und wichtige Lebensbereiche darunter leiden. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: 1) Hängt Langeweile allgemein mit der Nutzung von digitalen Medien zusammen? 2) Und wie hängen Langeweile und eine problematische Nutzung zusammen? Wer sich schnell langweilt, neigt dazu, öfter digitale Medien zu nutzen – und dies eher auf eine problematische Weise.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow
Code for: Ramirez Butavand, Nagel, Feld & Steib. High intensity exercise before sleep boosts memory encoding the next morning
No full textPlease refer to the README file for further details about each data file. The importance of sleep for memory consolidation has been extensively studied, but its role for memory encoding remains less well characterized. At the molecular and cellular level, the renormalization of synaptic weights during sleep has received substantial support, which is thought to free capacity to encode new information at the behavioral level. However, at the systems level and behaviorally, support for this process playing a major role for memory function remains scarce. In the current study, we investigated the utility of moderate- and high-intensity evening exercise as a low-cost low-tech intervention to modulate sleep and its influence on subsequent encoding in the morning. Our findings indicate that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved post-sleep memory performance with effects lasting up to 24 hours after initial encoding. In addition, we show that especially the early parts of the encoding task were affected by the HIIT intervention. Intriguingly, participants with lower encoding abilities seemed to benefit more from the HIIT intervention suggesting it not only as a tool for basic research but also as a candidate for applications to boost memory performance in mental disorders or in the elderly. These results provide first evidence that acute exercise can affect learning processes even hours after it occurs.unknownunknow
Dataset for: A license to eat meat? Exploring processes underlying the effect of animal labels on meat consumption
No full textDataset and codebook for: A license to eat meat? Exploring processes underlying the effect of animal labels on meat consumptionunknow
Verfahrensdokumentation für KERF-20-I: 20-Item-Kurzversion zur Erfassung von Kindesmisshandlung
No full textDas Instrument KERF-20-I ist eine 20-Item Kurzversion zur zeiteffizienten, retrospektiven und breiten Erfassung von Kindesmisshandlung, die durch verschiedene Personengruppen verübt worden. Es wurde basierend auf den Checklisten KERF-I (Isele et al., 2014; Thekkumthala et al., 2023) und KERF-40-I (Seitz et al., 2022; Thekkumthala et al., 2022), welche ursprünglich auf der US-amerikanischen Skala Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE; Teicher & Parigger, 2015) zurückgehen, entwickelt. Das Instrument besteht aus 7 Subskalen und insgesamt 20 Items. Reliabilität: Es sind bisher keine Reliabilitätskennwerte vorhanden. Validität: Die prädiktive Validität anhand des Zusammenhangs mit selbstberichteten psychischen Erkrankungen, Suizidgedanken und vergangenen Suizidversuchen bestimmt. Die Überprüfung der konvergenten Validität ist ausstehend. Normen: Die psychometrische Prüfung des KERF-20-I erfolgte anhand einer repräsentativen deutschen Stichprobe (N = 2515).The KERF-20-I instrument is a 20-item short version for the time-efficient, retrospective and broad assessment of child maltreatment perpetrated by different groups of people. It was developed based on the KERF-I (Isele et al., 2014; Thekkumthala et al., 2023) and KERF-40-I (Seitz et al., 2022; Thekkumthala et al., 2022) checklists, which were originally based on the US American Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE; Teicher & Parigger, 2015) scale. The instrument consists of 7 subscales and a total of 20 items. Reliability: No reliability parameters are yet available. Validity: Predictive validity determined on the basis of the correlation with self-reported mental illness, suicidal thoughts and past suicide attempts. Verification of convergent validity is pending. Norms: The psychometric testing of the KERF-20-I was carried out using a representative German sample (N = 2515).reviewedpublishedVersio
KLARpsy-Text: Unterscheidet sich die Gehirnaktivität zwischen Menschen mit und ohne psychische Störung, wenn sie ihre Gefühle beeinflussen?
No full textKLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel “Unterscheidet sich die Gehirnaktivität zwischen Menschen mit und ohne psychische Störung, wenn sie ihre Gefühle beeinflussen?”. Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Im Alltag erleben wir viele Situationen, die starke Gefühle auslösen. Um gut mit diesen Gefühlen umzugehen, nutzen wir Strategien, um diese Gefühle zu beeinflussen. Gelingt das nicht, können unsere Gesundheit und unser soziales Leben darunter leiden. Viele Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen haben Schwierigkeiten, ihre Gefühle zu steuern. Besonders schwer fällt es ihnen häufig, Situationen neu und positiver zu bewerten . Es ist noch unklar, ob es womöglich eine Veränderung im Gehirn von Betroffenen bei der Steuerung ihrer Gefühle gibt. Diese könnte erklären, warum sie ihre Gefühle nicht so gut beeinflussen können wie psychisch Gesunde. Zeigt sich eine unterschiedliche Gehirnaktivität, wenn gesunde und psychisch kranke Personen ihre Gefühle beeinflussen? Die Übersichtsarbeit findet keinen bedeutsamen Unterschied in der Gehirnaktivität bei gesunden und psychisch erkrankten Personen, die ihre Gefühle bewusst beeinflussen.https://klarpsy.de/hintergrundunknownunknow
Attitudes and expectations towards mental health interventions in the general population: Comparing face-to-face counseling, blended counseling, and digital or on-paper self-help [Author Accepted Manuscript]
No full textBackground: Digital interventions are supported by a growing evidence base and have the potential to contribute to accessible and personalized mental healthcare services. When individuals seek help for mental health problems, various intervention options are available in a digital, face-to-face or on-paper format. However, it is important to understand what individuals find important for intervention selection and how they perceive different intervention options.
Method: The study recruited 232 individuals for a cross-sectional online survey on (1) the relevance of 12 evaluation dimensions for mental health support, (2) whether self-help books, digital interventions, face-to-face counseling, and blended interventions would meet expectations, and (3) self-reported likelihood of use.
Results: The most important dimensions for intervention selection were helpfulness, personal support, motivates to get better, and credibility. Face-to-face counseling was evaluated favorably for dimensions linked to intervention content (e.g., helpfulness), while self-help approaches were rated more positively for practical aspects (e.g., waiting time). Blended counseling received fairly similar dimension ratings as face-to-face counseling. Self-reported likelihood of use differed significantly between modalities despite large individual differences. Face-to-face interventions were most likely used, followed by blended counseling and a shared third rank for digital and on-paper self-help options.
Conclusion: The findings suggests that mere self-help (online or on paper) does not sufficiently meet the needs and is not the preferred choice for handling mental health problems for most individuals. If presented with the choice, individuals still prefer face-to-face counseling. Nevertheless, blended interventions can be a promising treatment option for the future.reviewedacceptedVersio
Psychiatric and psychological brief psychotherapy for chronic alcoholism
No full textBrief Psychiatric Psychotherapy (PKP) for alcohol dependence covers all the important evidence-based therapeutic strategies for treating alcoholism. It can be used in individual and group settngs. The PKP manual is a safe guide that helps to master even difficult passages of treatment. The therapy consists of three pillars (modules) - symptom therapy, skills training and replacing the dysfunctional overriding rule with a new permission-giving rule of life as an elegant way of dealing with therapeutic resistance in addiction. The evaluation shows encouraging interim results.https://eupehs.org/haupt/european-psychotherapy/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Consequences of Conspiracy Beliefs for Interpersonal Relationships
No full textEmerging theorising and growing anecdotal evidence suggest that belief in conspiracy theories may negatively impact interpersonal relationships. However, research on the consequences of conspiracy beliefs has not systematically assessed their effect on people’s relationships. In this presentation, I will share findings from three different research projects that quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the role of conspiracy beliefs in interpersonal relationships. The first project examines whether perceptions of others’ conspiracy beliefs are linked to actual (or anticipated) relationship satisfaction. The second project uses a qualitative approach to assess personal accounts of individuals who shared or are sharing romantic relationships with conspiracy believers. The third project shifts the focus to prospective relationships in the context of online dating, addressing how the inclusion of conspiracy theories in dating profiles influences people’s impressions and dating intentions. Taken together, our results suggest that conspiracy beliefs can erode interpersonal relationships where such beliefs are not shared, whereas relationships between individuals with shared conspiracy beliefs remain unaffected or may even be strengthened.On May 21st, 2025 Dr. Daniel Toribio-Flórez, Postdoctoral Research Associate, School of Psychology, University of Kent spoke at the ZPID Colloquium.Am 21. Mai 2025 sprach Dr. Daniel Toribio-Flórez, Postdoctoral Research Associate, School of Psychology, University of Kent, im ZPID-Kolloquium.unknow