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‘Show Me Your Horse and I Will Tell You Who You Are’: Brexit, A Chance to Acknowledge Animal Sentience in Law
Get PDFThis article is written to explore the current position of the concept of animal sentience in UK animal welfare law. This is based on research carried out since 2017 but there have been political and legal developments which bring the issue to the fore now, chiefly these are concerned with Brexit and the EU definition of animal sentience contained in the Lisbon Treaty.At time of writing, however, there could scarcely be less certainty about the likely final outcome of the United Kingdom’s endeavours to exit the European Union
“Escaping the Sunken Place: indefinite detention, asylum seekers, and resistance in Yarl’s Wood IRC”
Get PDF The Law Society has recently raised concerns about the UK’s migration system, stating that ‘failures in UK immigration and asylum undermine the rule of law’. Nowhere are those problems more apparent than in the UK’s handling of migrants and asylum seekers in detention centres. A particular recurring issue that speaks to the Law Society’s concern is the absence of a defined time limit for immigration detention. The possibility of indefinite detention has been a source of tension both within British politics, and within UK immigration detention centres. An example of this can be understood with reference to the Yarl’s Wood Immigration Removal Centre (IRC) in Bedfordshire, known for its controversial and rebellious past. In 2015 Nick Hardwick, a former chief prisoner inspector, labelled the Centre a place of ‘national concern’, after examining the mistreatment of vulnerable detainees. Yarl’s Wood’s problematic history, seems to have continued into the present, following a detainee led hunger strike that resulted in ‘renewed concerns’ over health care in detention centres. In addition to protesting the standard of medical treatment received by detainees, the strikers’ underlying focus was on indefinite detention. The Home Office’s response to these strikes was unsympathetic, it sent a letter to detainees suggesting that their continued participation in the strike may in fact result in their removal being accelerated. Although, the hunger strike ended in March 2018 the Home Office’s response to the strike raised some interesting legal and philosophical questions about human rights and resistance in detention centres. In order to grapple with some of these issues, this paper has been separated into two parts. The first part will attempt to contextualise the existing immigration regime and explore how legal disputes might fit within the broader scheme of opposing indefinite detention. It will also briefly examine the legal challenges that may arise from the use of threats of accelerated deportations.
Self-resolving Information Markets: A Comparative Study
No full textTraditional information markets (TIMs) are resolved with reference to events external to the markets, such as some particular candidate winning an election. However, when making long-term forecasts or evaluating counterfactuals, such resolution is not an option. Hence, the need for self-resolving information markets (SRIMs), resolved with reference to features internal to the markets themselves. The present paper demonstrates experimentally that the market profiles of otherwise identical TIMs and SRIMs show significantly higher degrees of correlation than do randomly paired markets, and that the average accuracies of TIMs and SRIMs are practically equivalent. This supports the so-called face-value hypothesis, on which a convention will arise on SRIMs of taking the question under consideration at face value and betting accordingly, in the same way as on TIMs—in which case SRIMs have the potential of matching TIMs in accuracy while shedding their limitations in relation to long-term predictions and counterfactuals
THOUGHTS CONCERNING STANDARDISATION AND THE ASSEMBLY LINE OF LEARNING
Get PDFThe values, beliefs and customs that make up an organisation’s culture are usually established in response to perceived problems that need addressing. Assumptions are made about how those problems can be solved. Solutions are found, and these form the conditions in which rituals and routines take seed, which in turn shape the way things are done.The pervading culture in our schools today is built on shared assumptions about how to solve societal and economic problems that existed in the nineteenth century. When the Elementary Education Act 1870 was drafted, Britain feared losing its standing in world manufacturing and trade. It was assumed by those holding the levers of power that, in order to remain in pole position in the global race, a more educated workforce was needed: workers who could read, write and count more efficiently would help to ensure the country continued to be a global player in industry and commerce. These academic skills would bring greater prosperity for all. This solution to the prospect of economic decline led to the following assumptions, the legacy of which still forms the architecture of most school cultures even today:The most effective way to bring about success for a society and its economy is to develop the academic intelligence of its younger generation.The most accurate measure of academic intelligence, and therefore a predictor of future success, both for the individual and for the economy, is academic qualification.The best way to incentivise children to achieve academic qualification is through a system of external rewards if they work hard and sanctions if they don’t
BEGINNING TEACHER LEARNING IN SCHOOL - UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIPS: UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITIES OF DEVELOPING BEGINNING-TEACHER KNOWLEDGE IN A PARTNERSHIP SETTING
Get PDFDeveloping beginning-teacher knowledge in a school-university partnership is both complex and messy. This arises from the debates about (1) what beginning teachers should know and relates to the balance between theoretical knowledge and practical knowledge and (2) where that knowledge should be developed. In considering what type of knowledge beginning teachers should acquire and by reviewing partnership discourse particularly from a sociocultural perspective, suggestions are made for supporting effective beginning-teacher learning
Can Webometrics Predict the Academic Rankings of Institutes?
No full textWebometrics can be used for understanding the quantitative aspects of web resources. The present study investigates the role of webometrics in determining the academic ranking of the institute. The extensive research was conducted on a sample of 59 reputed academic institutes based out of India. The data was analysed using two techniques viz. linear regression and classification and regression tree. From the results of the study, it was found that among all the webometrics parameters, Alexa rank and Semrush rank of the website was found to be the most crucial factor for determining the academic ranking of the institute. The study has insights for policymakers of the institute as the results of the study can be used for devising various ways to improve the webometrics parameters in order to enhance the academic ranking of the institute
DOES ABSENCE MAKE THE HEART GROW FONDER? – STUDENTS PERSPECTIVES OF CURRICULUM, ABSENTEEISM AND THEIR PURSUIT OF THE GOOD LIFE
Get PDFIn 2015, major revisions were made to the breadth and content of the English national curriculum to ensure the country’s economic success in an emerging technological marketplace. Increasingly punitive sanctions were introduced to safeguard student attendance and subsequent attainment. Yet student GCSE attainment has remained static since that time and attendance has decreased. The article considers these coinciding trends by presenting a study that explored 40 secondary-school students’ perspectives of their low attendance. Findings evidence their motivation to learn but also their growing disillusionment with curriculum content that is not easily accessible or seen to support a good life, which in turn has impacted their motivation to attend school. Conclusions call for collaborations to be developed between school leaders and students to help make explicit the pathways to a good life that the curriculum claims to support. Collaborations that may also address student absenteeism
Market Efficiency and the Setting of Salaries for NBA Daily Fantasy on FanDuel and Draft Kings
No full textThe market for daily fantasy sports for the NBA is examined with respect to efficiency when pricing player salaries for the games. Simple factors such as home court advantage, rest, and opponent are shown to significantly effect performance beyond posted salaries in the respective markets. In addition, a “hot hand” effect is found in that players that exceed expectations in previous games are shown to outperform salary-based expectations in the next contest. These factors yield a rejection of market efficiency as it relates to salaries in the marketplace. Legal ramifications for these contests as games of skill are examined
On Fixing International Cricket Matches
No full textCorruption is hidden action which distorts allocations of resources away from competitive outcomes. Hence the detection of such actions is both difficult yet important. In many economic contexts, agent actions are unobservable by principals and hence detection is difficult; sport offers a well-measured context in which individual actions are documented in great detail. In recent years the sport of cricket, which records a huge volume of statistics, has been beset by a number of corruption scandals surrounding the fixing of matches. We use 18 one day international (ODI) matches that are known to be fixed by one of the teams involved and analyse a wide range of observed statistics from all ODI matches since 1971, in order to determine whether corruption manifests itself in recorded outcomes. We find that corruption does affect a number of observed outcomes in anticipated ways, suggesting that both the increased reporting of statistics, and the statistical analysis of them may be a useful tool in detecting corruption
Arbitrage in Political Prediction Markets
Get PDFOnline prediction markets are a powerful tool for aggregating information and show promise as predictive tools for uncertain outcomes, from sporting events to election results. However, these markets only serve as effective prediction tools so long as the market pricing remains efficient. We analyze the potential arbitrage profits derived from such mispricings in two leading American political prediction markets, PredictIt (for the 2016 and 2020 elections) and the Iowa Electronic Markets (for the 2016 election), to quantify the degree of mispricing and to show how market design can contribute to price distortion. We show that contracts hosted by PredictIt, compared to the IEM, are chronically mispriced, with large arbitrage profits in the 2016 election markets and non-negligible profits for the 2020 markets. We discuss the role of profit fees and contract limits, the primary differences between the PredictIt and IEM, in distorting pricing on PredictIt by limiting the ability of traders to capture arbitrage profits. Additionally, we examine the association between arbitrage and margin-linking, increased liquidity, and the number of unique contracts PredictIt's markets. This research provides cautionary evidence of potential inefficiencies in prediction markets with the intention of improving market implementation and enhancing market predictiveness