The University of Buckingham Press Journals
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Paediatricians’ Engagement with Reflective Practice: A Scoping Review
Full text linkIntroduction: This scoping review identified literature describing reflective practice amongst paediatricians and then aligned the reflective concepts with Wellington and Austin’s Orientations to Reflection: Immediate, Technical, Deliberative, Dialectical and Transpersonal. These distinctions present concepts for paediatricians to contemplate in their reflective practice.
Methods: OVID MEDLINE and APA PsycInfo databases were searched for English language articles in peer-reviewed journals using the terms “paediatric*” AND “pediatric*” AND “doctor*” and “physician*” AND “reflect*”. A data capture form was created and populated.
Results: Twenty-one articles describing reflective practice amongst paediatricians were identified. Most articles (43%; n = 9) described the immediate orientation to reflection. One article, a personal perspective from a late-career stage paediatrician, aligned with a transpersonal orientation to reflection.
Conclusions: Reflective practice of the immediate orientation is accepted by paediatricians during education initiatives. It often takes place accidentally but can be developed through awareness of reflection, role-modelling, goal-setting, and feedback. Enhancing factors include a friendly, flexible learning environment, faculty support, protected time, and sharing significant experiences. Positive effects of promoting reflection include enhancing clinical practice, increasing resilience, and entrustment. Barriers include emphasis on efficiency, lack of continuity or awareness, negative emotions, and burnout. Reflective practice should be encouraged. One should not assume “it just happens”
The Disappearing Identity of the Teacher Educator?
Full text linkThe education of new teachers in the UK is in the midst of a massive upheaval. Since the DfE Market Review in 2021, teacher educators have had to evaluate their intended provision and, in line with guidelines (DfE, 2021), have had to submit their plans for reaccreditation. This process has been the cause of huge disruption amongst school-based and university-based providers. This paper will argue that the role of the university-based teacher educator, as understood in the UK, is endangered and could disappear. This will be done by examining these five ideas. Firstly, by reviewing the evolution of teacher educators and their professional identity (Davey, 2013). Secondly, by considering the contrasting perceptions of teacher education in different countries compared to the UK (Gunn, et.al, 2016, Høydalsvik, 2019). For example, the professional development of teacher educators appears to have a higher priority in some countries. I will look at how these differences reflect the radical re-evaluations of the teacher role itself and will take into account that the UK route to teacher educator roles is predominantly via the practitioner route (Murray & Male, 2005). Thirdly, I will suggest that the on-going divide between educational research and practice in the UK is a contributing factor to the disappearing role of the university-based teacher educator. Fourthly, I will briefly consider whether the perceptions of the role are being challenged by the focus on teacher training rather than education and the apparent lack of interest in an academic route for teacher education. Finally, I will argue that the teacher educators’ role can be recovered through ensuring their work is values-based and by a re-evaluation of their professional leadership identity, both external and internal (Ibarra, 2016). Rather than disappearing, the teacher educator needs to straddle the divide, through their leadership example
What Do We Need to Teach New Teachers About Child Mental Health?
Full text linkThis paper introduces the context of mental health in education and the importance of the teacher being acknowledged as an essential component and contributor to the function of society (Bower, 2020). The paper suggests that the mental health crisis impacting children has implications for new teachers in meeting the demand in the current global climate. (Education Endowment Foundation (EEF), 2017; 2018); (Lortie-Forgues, 2021). It explores why the definition of mental health might be a problematic construct for teachers and considers whether the teacher has a significant role to play in mental health provision in schools beyond the wider community. It considers the role pathologization of behaviour plays in our approach to education and proposes that the approach teacher training takes towards critically reflecting on retributive discipline and restorative approaches in schools, subsequently supports teacher understanding of child mental health. It also looks at the current teacher training landscape and reforms and argues that policy makers and practice should be interdisciplinary with effective mental health knowledge.
The paper emphasises the importance of developing teacher understanding of the role of psychological awareness in supporting effective child mental health provision across the field of education and argues that new teachers have a part to play in this application through effective training to support the influx of demand. The paper proposes that critical considerations should be given to the potential application of interpersonal neurobiological research (Siegel, 2020), exploring concepts of the embodied brain through polyvagal theory (Porges, 2011). It touches upon developing new teacher understanding of trauma, (Van der Kolk, 2014) informed practice and transdisciplinary therapeutic approaches for practical use in schools. It considers the future of mental health knowledge in pre-service initial teacher training and proposes that such a focus will have a profound impact on making some headway in meeting child mental health needs.
The paper finishes by proposing that future research should look to develop a psychological, neurobiological, developmental sensitive approach to exploring child mental health and well-being within education and support the role of initial teacher training education (ITT/ITE) in creating confident new teachers with efficacy to meet the needs of child mental health in schools
Career intention of dermatology trainees following completion of training
Full text linkDermatology within the United Kingdom is facing significant challenges on service provision. Dermatology registrars/trainees are the backbone for future National Health Service but there is a lack of literature on their career intentions following completion of training.
We conducted semi-structured one-to-one interviews of ten senior dermatology registrars within the West Midlands. Information on demographics, career intention and factors influencing career decision were collected. A thematic analysis was used.
The majority of trainees felt ready to become a consultant and considered taking up substantive consultant role. Personal and professional factors equally influenced career decision. Concerns related to training revealed three themes: individual support, organisational issues and training curriculum.
The study highlighted trainees’ range of career trajectories is a multifactorial process. Our findings have provided an understanding of contemporary issues within dermatology training from a more personal level and the data may offer an important avenue for future research within dermatology education
Predicting the Outcome of IPL Cricket Matches Using Machine Learning
No full textThe study presents a model for predicting the outcomes of Indian Premier League (IPL) cricket matches using two machine learning methods – neural network and classification and regression tree (CART). The data has been collected for all the cricket matches of IPL during the year 2016-2018, and the complete dataset consists of a total of 334 matches. The study further investigated the most important factors that impact the outcome of the IPL matches. The study also coined an innovative metrics-“Win Margin”, which is able to numerically quantify the differences in winning the cricket matches, which can be used in the tie of points in the tournament. The findings of the study suggest that the quality of players based on their ICC ranking is one of the most important factors which determine the chances of winning the cricket match in IPL. The study further suggests that auction prices of all the players in the team are another critical factor of determining the chances of winning the matches. The study provides implications for team managers to decide on the combination of players that can help the team to win the match
Quantifying Stock News Relevance in Indian Markets: Stock News Relevance
No full textResearchers have extensively tried machine learning algorithms in news classification and related quantitative finance domains in the past. Stock market investors look forward to being able to predict stock prices successfully not only to get the best returns but also to minimize the risk of losses with a forecast of stock prices and movement of the stock exchange depending upon the type of news. In this paper, we hypothesize that any news that comes to the market can broadly be classified into two types: Class A- News that has an effect such that it leads to a rise in the stock prices of the reference stock and a fall in the stock prices of its competitor stocks, or vice versa, and Class B- News that results in a simultaneous surge or decline in the stock prices of the reference stocks and its competitor stocks alike. This study is an effort to mathematically validate this hypothesis.
This domain hasn’t been explored, and through our work, we try to demonstrate the capability of the existence of a pattern in the market, which could then be used for building automated trading strategies. We also adopt a unique approach to model the data as a supervised machine learning problem and by solving, on obtaining an accuracy of 66.5% we prove that such patterns exist and further suggest research inputs on ideas derived from this.
 
Impacts of the 2018-19 NBA Rule Changes on Scoring and the Totals Market
No full textThe National Basketball Association introduced rule changes prior to the 2018-19 season. We examine the impact of these changes on actual and expected scoring during the season. The rule changes led to greater average scoring, which was not fully encompassed at the start of the season in the financial (betting) market resulting in significant returns to betting the over. The early season volatility in the market subsided as the season progressed resulting in a generally efficient market
Fallacy Bias in Casino Gaming: An Observational Study of Non-Asian and Asian Roulette Gamblers
No full textFallacy bias is salient in gamblers’ minds and plays a crucial role in motivating gamblers to bet. The bias stems from people’s misconception that independent outcomes are autocorrelated. It makes an indirect but significant contribution to the revenue of casinos. However, from the perspective of corporate social responsibility, casinos should not indulge the bias. To strike the balance, casino practitioners need to understand the triggering factors of fallacy bias and whether the bias varies with gamblers’ characteristics. While gamblers’ racial difference in fallacy bias remains unknown, this study adopted non-participatory observation and analyzed the bets of 501 non-Asian and 206 Asian Roulette gamblers in an Australian casino. Results showed that non-Asian players had a stronger tendency towards gambler’s fallacy than their Asian counterparts. The influences of length and frequency of the latest outcome on the betting decisions did not vary with race. The findings provide useful implications for casino management
Establishing and promoting an ‘out-of-area’ programme for GP placements as a strategy to expand undergraduate experience in primary care: Establishing an out-of-area GP placement programme
No full textRecruiting placements in undergraduate general practice is increasingly challenging. Here we describe our experience over the past decade of establishing an out-of-area programme for clinical medical students undertaking a four-week placement in general practice. Out-of-area programmes are run by at least five undergraduate medical schools in England and are founded upon two pillars. First, is the large pool (c60%) of GP practices nationwide not routinely teaching medical students, even for their local school. Through a personal approach (from either the student or via medical school staff contacts) these GPs often prove keen to start teaching, sometimes year on year. Second, is the NHS bursary. This reimburses student expenses (not GP teacher payment) and is eligible to most students in their fifth year of the medical course (or fourth if they have completed an intercalated one year degree). Running a successful out-of-area programme requires preparation/guidance for students, opportunistic outreach (direct approaches by students and engaging alumni and hospital colleagues’ contacts who are GPs), promotion through diverse media (university alumni/staff publications, social media and the school website), offering a range of rotation dates, quality assurance and online meetings/support. Growing the programme requires nurturing of personal relationships with GP teachers and keeping up a database of surgeries offering to teach going forward. Positive feedback helps to ‘sell’ these placements as an exciting ‘elective’ opportunity to students. We have encountered no objection from other medical schools about our programme. Strong administrative support is critical.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on career choice in a secondary school wide survey
Full text linkAbstract
Introduction: This survey aims to investigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on career choices amongst high school students.
Methods: This is a school authorized electronic survey of students in years 10 - 13 in our boys and girls campuses of the independent schools of the King Edward VI Foundation, Birmingham. Comparison of proportion was statistically assessed using online Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: 225 of 859 students (26%) responded. A healthcare career is definitely considered by 21% and possibly by 22%. Over the course of the pandemic, 30% of responders changed their career aspirations: 38% of those that are currently certain or considering a healthcare career compared to 24% of those considering a non-healthcare career.
Conclusions: Our survey highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced career choices amongst secondary school students and is most pronounced amongst those considering healthcare.