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Analisis Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Sambungan Las Oxy-Acetylene pada Pelat Baja Karbon Rendah dengan Variabel Nyala Torch Karburasi
Get PDFOxy-acetylene welding is widely used in small workshops for car body repair, automobile and motorcycle exhaust, and other improvements using a maximum temperature of 3000oC that can not be done through another process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of torque oxyacetylene flame carburizing on the physical-mechanical properties of low carbon steel plate welding joints. The method employed by using a low carbon steel plate 2 (two) pairs in a butt weld immension of 300 mm x 75 mm x 1 mm. After welding with oxy-acetylene in torch carburizing flame, the specimens were examined through physical observation including microstructure and echanical properties. Micro hardness vickers (VHN) was used to evaluate the harness and tensile properties was determine using the universal testing machine. In the microstructure testing, there is a pearlite and ferrite whose become different dimensions as it is affected by the heat and air pressure of the weld. The result of tensile strength specimen A 174,6 N/mm2 and specimen B 157,65 N/mm2. While the vickers test obtained the highest hardness that is 152.5 VHN in the welding area
Pengelolaan dan Proses Instalasi Perawatan Air Limbah dalam Pembersihan Minyak dan Gas dengan Menggunakan Separator dan Scrubber di Lapangan "X"
Get PDFMinyak bumi adalah salah satu bahan bakar fosil dan bahan kimia yang termasuk dalam bahan berbahaya dan beracun, sehingga memerlukan penanganan khusus dalam penanganan perminyakan di lapangan "X". Gathering Station Center adalah salah satu stasiun pengumpul yang mengumpulkan dan merawat minyak dari sumur, dimana menghasilkan air limbah kemudian diproses di Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPAL) sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami instalasi pengolahan air limbah dan meneliti konsentrasi polutan inlet dan outlet di IPAL. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis survei dan analisis, parameter yang digunakan secara keseluruhan adalah Suhu, pH, BOD, COD, Minyak, Sulfida (sebagai H2S), dan amonia (sebagai NH3-N). Semuanya didasarkan pada PerMenLH No. 4 Tahun 2007 tentang ambang air limbah untuk industri minyak, gas, dan panas bumi. Minyak yang mengalir dilapangan "X" dengan menggunakan flowline kemudian diakhiri dengan choke manifold kemudian dialirkan ke pemisah untuk memisahkan berdasarkan pengendapan gravitasi. Scrubber digunakan untuk memastikan bahwa minyak dan gas telah betul-betul terpisah dari air. Air ini kemudian diinjeksikan kedalam sumur untuk pressure maintenaince, atau jika memenuhi syarat dialirkan ke sungai. Dari semua parameter, air limbah tersebut aman untuk lingkungan karena masih memenuhi syarat dalam PerMenLH No. 4 Tahun 2007.Petroleum is one of the fossil fuels and chemicals included in hazardous and toxic materials, so it requires special handling in handling oil in the "X" field. Gathering Station Center is one of the collection stations that collect and treat oil from wells, which produce waste water and then it is processed at the Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) before being discharged into the environment. The purpose of this study is to understand the wastewater treatment plant and examine the concentration of inlet and outlet pollutants at WWTP. The method used is survey analysis and analysis, the parameters used as a whole are Temperature, pH, BOD, COD, Oil, Sulfide (as H2S), and ammonia (as NH3-N). Everything is based on PerMenLH No. 4 of 2007 concerning threshold wastewater for the oil, gas and geothermal industry. Oil flowing in the "X" field using a flowline is then terminated with a choke manifold and then flowed to the separator to separate based on gravity deposition. Scrubbers are used to ensure that oil and gas are completely separated from water. This water is then injected into the well for pressure maintenance, or if it meets the requirements, it is flowed into the river. Of all the parameters, the waste water is safe for the environment because it still meets the requirements in PerMenLH No. 4 of 2007
Karakteristik Minyak dan Gas Hasil Proses Dekomposisi Termal Plastik Jenis Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik minyak dan gas hasil proses dekomposisi termal (pirolisis) sampah plastik jenis low density polyethylene (LDPE) dengan berbagai variabel laju kenaikan suhu selama proses pirolisis terjadi. Pada proses ini digunakan reaktor pirolisis kapasitas 2 kg dengan laju kenaikan suhu sebesar 2, 4, dan 6 °C/menit sebagai variabel penelitian. Minyak dan gas yang terbentuk ditampung dalam wadah penampung dan diukur rendemennya. Karakteristik gas yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji di laboratorium menggunakan peralatan GC-MS dan peralatan uji sifat fisik khusus untuk minyak hasil pirolisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa semakin tinggi laju kenaikan suhu, minyak yang diahsilkan semakin banyak dan gas semakin sedikit. Rendemen minyak terbesar sebesar 35,83 % dihasilkan pada proses pirolisis dengan laju kenaikan suhu 6 °C/menit, dimana pada saat itu, nilai rendemen gas adalah paling kecil, sebesar 5,83 %. Sementara hasil identifikasi gas, yang paling dominan adalah gas jenis butena, dimana kadarnya semakin kecil seiring dengan laju kenaikan suhu. Kandungan gas butena terbesar sebesar 98% pada laju kenaikan suhu 2 °C/menit. Sementara berdasarkan uji sifat fisik, karakteristik minyak plastik mendekati sifat-sifat bahan bakar minyak, terutama kerosen., sehingga cukup layak apabila dijadikan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif pengganti BBM.This study aims to determine the characteristics of oil and gas from the thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) process of waste low density polyethylene (LDPE) type plastic with various temperature increase rate variables during the pyrolysis process. In this process a 2 kg capacity pyrolysis reactor is used with a temperature increase of 2, 4, and 6 °C/min as the research variable. The oil and gas that is formed is stored in a container and the yield is measured. The characteristics of the gases produced are then tested in the laboratory using GC-MS equipment and special physical property test equipment for pyrolysis oils. Based on the research results, it was found that the higher the rate of temperature rise, the more oil is produced and the less gas. The largest oil yield of 35.83 % was produced in the pyrolysis process with a rate of temperature rise of 6 °C/min, where at that time, the value of the gas yield was the smallest, amounted to 5.83 %. While the gas identification results, the most dominant is the type of butene gas, where the levels get smaller along with the rate of temperature rise. The biggest butene gas content is 98 % at a rate of temperature rise of 2 °C/min. While based on the physical properties test, the characteristics of plastic oil approach the properties of fuel oil, especially kerosene, so it is quite feasible if used as an alternative fuel to substitute fuel
PROKRASTINASI PADA PESERTA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBABNYA
No full textProcrastination is a kind of failure on self-regulation to accomplish a task based on a voluntary intention. Although he or she understands the consequence, this kind of behavior occurs repeatedly. This kind of harmful behavior frequently occurred among the IAYP (International Award for Young People) participants. IAYP is a kind of character building program. The program requires participants to accomplish three activities i.e. sport, skill, and community service once per week during 24 weeks (either for bronze and silver level). This program trained participant to have internal motivation. Hence, the objective of this research is to discuss the causal factors of the procrastinate behavior on one IAYP participant. Currently he is still at the bronze level and frequently performs procrastination of those three activities. This preliminary research revealed that the external and internal factors are the reason for procrastination. The interesting external factor which contributes is the subject\u27s perception about the IAYP leader. The leader is perceived as not having empathy for participant\u27s inability to conform the IAYP schedule. The subject is likely to ask an excuse for being procrastinate. This result mirrored that the fundamental reason for being procrastination is subject’s inability to build internal motivation (internal factor)
HAMBATAN BEKERJA DAN BERAKTIVITAS PADA PEREMPUAN JAWA KELAS MENENGAH
No full textSix Javanese women participated on this qualitative study in order to understand their obstacles to engage on a job outside of their homes. They had college to university educational level, middle to high class, engaged on a job before married. After married till recently they were unemployed although they had trivial fertility problems. There were various reasons for their unemployed status such as husband had not given any permission to work, husband\u27s jealous, wife’s primary responsibility was to accomplish the unending domestic casks not to work, providing a good service for husband and children, and wife’s low self-efficacy Indeed, this unemployment was heartbreaking since wife’s high potentiality could not be manifested because of husband\u27s sex typed attitude. Unfortunately this powerless self-perception was also agreed by those wives. Those wives were more likely to be lazy or could not think visionary to train their skills, because their family economy situation had not demanded them to work. Those high class wives should learn more from the lower class Javanese wives who had been able to be more egalitarian toward their husbands. It was because they had to work, otherwise their children would be starved. Those rich wives should feel embarrassment that their high educational level had been related to the sex-typed attitude and more subordinate position
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGATURAN DIRI DENGAN ASPIRASI KARIR PADA SISWA KELAS 1 SD
No full textObjective of this research is to verify the relationship between career aspiration and self-regulation among first grade children. Gender stereotype career aspiration is more likely chosen by children with external self-regulation. The more internal their self-regulation, their career aspiration is more likely counter gender stereotype. Children with internal self-regulation are more certain when they have to violating the gender norm. The dependent variable of this research is children\u27s career aspiration, and the independent variable is children\u27s self-regulation. Two scales are utilized i.e. the Career Aspiration Scale and the Self-regulation Scale. There were 85 first grade children, aged 6-7, in urban areas participated in this research. This research revealed that there is no relationship between career aspiration and selfregulation on children (F(l,74)= 0.096, p<0.05). The plausible reason is that those Indonesian families are more likely collective contrast to the West families. Therefore Indonesian children are not motivated to have internal self-regulation, and therefore their career aspiration choice is more likely gender stereotype
PRO DAN KONTRA GBHN: AMANDEMEN SEBAGAI JALAN TENGAH
Get PDFGBHN menjadi wacana ketatanegaraan paling disorot akhir-akhir ini. Pro kontra perlunya GBHN telah membuat pemerintah, MPR, DPR dan DPD “turun gunung” untuk menyerap aspirasi sebanyak mungkin guna memutuskan solusi terbaik. Penulis menilai amandemen terbatas menjadi “solusi” konstitusional terbaik dalam pro kontra ini.Kata kunci: GBHN, amandemen dan MP
Dampak Dilakukannya Pengurangan Tenaga Kerja: Pengaruh Job Insecurity terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dengan Aspek Demografis sebagai Variabel Moderator
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to describe the effect of job insecurity on job satisfaction and demographic aspects as moderator variables. Demographics such as gender and age of past research showed that women have a higher job insecurity than men and also with age, the less employees feel a threat to their jobs. Quantitative methods through a survey used in this study. The results showed that job insecurity influence on job satisfaction, gender and age moderated the effect of job insecurity on job satisfaction
Analisa Kesekatan Sesar dan Kompartemen Lapisan Berdasarkan Analisis Petrofisika dan Attribut Seismik pada Formasi Talang Akar, Sub Cekungan Jambi
Get PDFDaerah penelitian terletak pada Sub Cekungan Jambi. Fokus utama dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan pendekatan mengenai stuktur yang berkembang di daerah penelitian yang dapat bersifat sebagai tempat akumulasi atau jalur migrasi dengan menggunakan metode SGR (Shale Gauge Ratio), rekonstrusi tektonik berdasarkan data seismik diharapkan dapat menjawab kompartemenisasi lapisan reservoar pada Formasi Talang Akar dan migrasi fluida hidrokarbon pada reservoar. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap sumur Alpha-1 dan Betha-1 terdapat lapisan prospek hidrokarbon yang merupakan lapisan Formasi Talang Akar. Pada Alpha-1 zona prospek berada pada kedalaman 1436,6–1456,6 m (TVDSS) diberi nama TAF 1 memiliki porositas efektif rata-rata 0,1281; saturasi air rata-rata 0,34 dengan nilai Rt rata-rata 1794 ohm m dan Rw 0,4 ohmm. Pada sumur Betha-1 zona prospek berada pada kedalaman 1448 m – 1456,5 m (TVDSS) dengan porositas efektif rata-rata pada zona ini 0,129; saturasi air rata-rata 0,586 dengan nilai Rt rata-rata 32,2 ohm m dan nilai Rw 0,9 ohmm. Sifat kesekatan sesar pada sesar yang dianalisa adalah leak dengan ratio SGR 15 %, serta lapisan yang tersesarkan merupakan lapisan reservoar dari Formasi Talang Akar yang sama. Pergerakan fluida hidrokarbon (migrasi) terjadi secara intraformasi (terjadi pada formasi yang sama).The research area is located in the Jambi Sub-Basin. The focus of this study was the structure in this sub basin, fault which can be a trap or migration route, which can defined using SGR (Shale Gauge Ratio) method. This study also resulted in reconstruction of the tectonics history to know the compartements between reservoir (Talang Akar Formation) and to know the migration of hydrocarbon. Based on the analysis of the well Alpha-1 and Betha-1, there is a layer of hydrocarbon prospects in Talang Akar Formation. At ALPHA 1, prospect zone at depth of 1436.6 to 1456.6 m (TVDSS) named TAF 1 has an average effective porosity 0.1281, the average water saturation of 0.34 with an average permeability in this zone is 20, Rt 62 mD with an average value of 1794 ohm m and Rw 0.4 ohmm. The Betha-1 wells prospects zone at depth of 1448–1456,5 m (TVDSS) with an average effective porosity in this zone is 0,129 average water saturation of 0,586, permeability 19,6 mD with an average value of Rt 32,2 ohm m and Rw value of 0.9 ohm m. The conclusion of fault seal in analysis that separated two layers is leaking with SGR ratio of 15%, as well as layers that faulted the reservoir layer of the same Talang Akar Formation. The movements of hydrocarbon as intraformation (in one formation migration)
PENGARUSUTAMAAN TEKHNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK UPAYA PENINGKATAN KINERJA INSTITUSI PUBLIK STUDI KASUS DI DINAS KOMINFO KOTA YOGYAKARTA DALAM PENGELOLAAN UPIK
Get PDFSince the first time UNDP popularized the concept of the good governance which begins with the distrust of this institution on the performance of all officials in third world countries. Efforts to create a good climate of Good Governance, it was included to share the transparency of information to the public on all matters, especially for the services, it is charged to the work unit called the “Unit Pelayanan Informasi dan Keluhan” or UPIK. This UPIK program is run as an effort to involve the community in helping the government functions that sometimes run slowly. This research shows that Governance which priorities the need for technology and Information through UPIK shows that Good Governance has been running well as the initial goal of this program. This well-known focus is on involving the community in the formulation or supervision of government policies through the provision of information services to the public on providing the inputs, critics, or even questions on government programs that have been implemented by the Yogyakarta City Government