Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka: UTeM Open Journal System
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Design of a Chip Printed Antenna at 4.8GHz for Wireless Implantable Body Area Network Applications
Get PDFThe health monitoring system is improved by wireless implantable body area network technologies especially for medical diagnostic for instance blood pressure, breast cancer and heart attack. The objective of this paper is to design an implantable chip printed antenna at 4.8GHz for WiBAN applications. The antenna performances are evaluated in term of return loss, gain, efficiency, radiation pattern and operating bandwidth at different environments. In this experiment, the antenna is tested in three types of environments which are in homogeneous layer, non-homogeneous layer (skin, fat and muscle) and the real human hand voxel model from CST Microwave Studio Software. The simulations results of the antenna performances have been analyzed. Results proved that the resonant frequency and return loss are approximately similar for all environments. All the results will be guidelines in designing implantable antennas in futures
High Spatial Grid Resolution of Hydrodynamic Numerical Modeling for Sea Current Energy Site Selection in Indonesia
Get PDFThe need for renewable energy in Indonesia has increased constantly as a part of Indonesia’s agenda to meet energy demand while reducing the over-dependency on fossil fuel. Tidal sea current energy is one of the technologies which offers a huge and predictable energy resource. This paper presents the assessment utilized 2-dimensional numerical models of sea tidal current velocities in the vicinity of Galang Island, Riau Archipelago Province, Indonesia. Simulations were carried out by applying an open source model, Delft3D modeling system. To assess hydrodynamic flow models results in accordance to the standards of sea current energy device development, this result demonstrates information at a high spatial grid resolution of 44 m to 52 m and a sequential resolution for the suitability assessment within the area of interest. It performs that the potential areas of sea current energy generation possibilities in the vicinity of Galang Island have a current speed greater 2.5 m/s
Design and Characterization of Piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE) Thick Film on Flexible Substrate for Energy Harvesting
Get PDFThis paper discusses on the design and fabrication steps of piezopolymer using poly(vinylidene fluoride) trifluoroethylene, P(VDF-TrFE) thick film on the flexible substrate using screen-printed method. Polyethylene terephthalate, PET film was used as a substrate to hold P(VDFTrFE) thick film in between sandwiched layers of electrodepiezopolymer-electrode. The P(VDF-TrFE) thick film is then annealed at 100 °C and polarized at 100 V for the film and inspected under EDS, FESEM and XRD for the characterization process. The flexible piezoelectric P(VDFTrFE) thick film is able to generate maximum output peak power of 4.36 µW at an external load of 1kΩ with generated maximum peak-to-peak voltage about 3.0 V for energy harvesting applications when using impact force test from freefall drop plasticine of 0.2 N was applied to the thick film
Analysis of Distance Transforms for Watershed Segmentation on Chronic Leukaemia Images
Get PDFLeukaemia is a blood cancer that contributes to the increase in the world mortality rates per year. Leukaemia can be divided into two major types which are acute and chronic leukaemia. This disease is caused by the excessive production of abnormal white blood cells (WBCs); hence these cells play a major role in the screening and diagnosis of leukaemia disease. Leukaemia screening requires the complete blood count process. However, due to the cells complex nature in chronic leukaemia which is overlapped, it would be difficult to obtain the accurate number of the WBCs for the screening process. Therefore, this paper proposes an automated WBCs counting with analysis of watershed segmentation for the screening of chronic leukaemia images. The segmentation approach consists of a few steps; (1) colour conversion, (2) image segmentation, (3) noise removal and (4) separation of overlapping WBCs. In this paper, three different distance transforms for watershed segmentation known as Euclidean, city block and chessboard have been analysed in order to find the best approach which is capable of separating the overlapping WBCs. The experimental results show that segmentation using watershed based on Euclidean has successfully segmented 50 blood images with average counting accuracy of 99.81%, as compared to the city block (91.09%) and chessboard (98.78%). Thus, the proposed procedures with watershed segmentation provide an efficient alternative in enhancing the accuracy of the WBCs count for leukaemia screening
The Effect of Surface Finish by Varying Machining Strategies of Five-Axis Flank Milling for Curvy Angled Convex Profile
Get PDFThe main aim of this research is to identify the best machining strategy on the five-axis flank machining curvy angled shapes using various machining approaches or strategies offered by CATIA V5 software. In machining of curvy angled shapes, the most important factor is to obtain the exact shape or machined part in certain acceptable tolerance with good surface finish. Hence, applying the right and the best machining strategy in Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) process is the most vital phase. The machining strategies that have been applied were Tanto Fan, Combin Tanto and Combin Parelm. In this study, only convex shape is analyzed throughout the study. Each of every machining part has been gone through a thorough analysis of surface finish by using Mitotuyo Surf-tester to determine the effect of the surface finish. Meanwhile, the parts chosen to be machined was modified aero-structural component part using the same aerospace standard material, Aluminum A6063. Based on the analysis carried out, the best machining strategy for the sample chosen part was Combin Parelm according to the mean Ra values. Factors contributed to the results obtained are further discussed in this paper
IN-VITRO APATITE GROWTH ON POROUS β-TRICALCIUM PHOSHPATE SCAFFOLDS COATED WITH PHVB
Get PDFThe bioactive properties of polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV) coated beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) have been studied in-vitro. Porous β-TCP scaffolds have been prepared using a template method and sintered at 1450 °C. The bio ceramics were then coated with PHBV solution before being immersed for 6 weeks in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C. At the end of the immersion time, insignificant changes in the SBF pH value was observed, suggesting good stability against hydrolytic degradation. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses revealed the presence of apatite. Morphological analysis by SEM showed the formation of apatite crystals in the form of flakes and globular deposits on the scaffold surface. This bone-like apatite indicates good biological activity of the bio ceramics scaffold with PHVB coating suggesting that the composite has potential for bone tissue engineering applications
Low Cost Ergonomics Solution for Safe Work Posture at Conventional Milling Machine: A Case Study
Get PDFConventional milling machine has been recognized as one of the solutions for high productivity and economical machining processes. However, the existing design of conventional milling workstation leads to non-neutral work postures because of the machine operator has to bend downward his torso for better visualization in setting and machining the workpiece. The aim of this study is to redesign the existing milling workstation by focusing on operator’s visualization and work posture. This study applied Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) to assess the work posture of the operator while performing milling operation. The existing milling workstation was redesigned by attaching a low cost LED light and a magnifying glass to improve operator’s visualization in setting and machining the workpiece. Results of work posture analysis revealed that RULA score reduced from 7 to 3 due to application of these tools. This study concluded that low cost intervention is meaningful in improving work postures of conventional milling machine operators
COMPARISON OF ADAPTIVE NEURO FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD IN PREDICTION OF HARD TURNING OUTPUT RESPONSES
Get PDFHard turning has been used to replace cylindrical grinding to obtain high quality surface finish of complex parts with hardness above 45 HRC. Surface roughness is characterized among the most critical attributes in hard turning and it is important to the manufacturer to have accurate understanding of the machining process prior to its optimization process. The aim of this paper is to compare the capability of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model with response surface method (RSM) in developing the correlation of machining parameter and output responses. The input for both models are cutting speed (v), feedrate (f), and depth of cut (d), whereas the output responses are flank wear (Vb) and surface roughness (Ra, Rq and Rz). The results indicate that the accuracy of predicted values of ANFIS model overwhelmed the predicted value of RSM model with up to 42% higher. At this level of accuracy, ANFIS model shows its applicability to be an objective function in evolutionary algorithm
Design and Analysis of Ankle Foot Orthosis for Disabled Children
Get PDFAnkle Foot Orthosis (AFO) is a brace or device that is worn on the lower leg to support and correct the foot and ankle position. AFO is also used to correct the foot drop. In this paper, a new design of AFO is proposed and its analysis using AUTODESK Inventor will be discussed. The design concept was based on the short and long size of pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM). The PAM are custom made in the laboratory with the short and long size are 150mm and 250mm respectively. Single point statics analysis including reaction force and moment at selected points were conducted for both designs. Based on the von Mises stress, displacement, safety factor and PAM experiment result, the long size design is selected for this research. Fabrication and further testing needs to be conducted in order to evaluate the device
Two-Wheeled LEGO EV3 Robot Stabilisation Control Using Fuzzy Logic Based PSO Algorithm
Get PDFThis paper presents a control system design to stabilise a two-wheeled Lego EV3 robot. This robot is developed based on the inverted pendulum. The mathematical modelling is derived based on this robot and using Euler Lagrange equation and represented in Simulink block diagram. The fuzzy logic controller is used to stabilise this robot with Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm for optimum performance of the system. The result of the fuzzy logic controller without optimisation is compared with the fuzzy logic controller with optimisation. Using the Simulink block diagram, the result of optimum tilt angle and control input signal are presented. The results show that the fuzzy logic controller with optimisation is able to improve the performance of the solution when compared to the fuzzy logic controller without optimisation