Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka: UTeM Open Journal System
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Air Filter Dust Level Sensing System Using Fuzzy Logic
Get PDFThe conventional air filter dust level checking process needs to manually inspect an air conditioner. This process is dangerous for users because the installation of the air conditioner is high. Hence, this study demonstrates a proposed air filter dust level sensing system that can automatically inspect the dust level inspection and reduce the relying on human visual inspection which is subjectively and tedious. The proposed system employs Ohm’s law for sensing the current of the fan motor of an air conditioner, and employs fuzzy logic controller to estimate the dust level. The current of the fan motor would be processed to determine the relationship between the air filter blockage conditions. The finding shows that the current was proportional to the air filter blockage condition. The lowest current value was 0.2742A for no air filter blockage whereas the highest current value was 0.2898A for full air filter blockage. The system contributes to the society for having a better life as the system is promising to be adapted to inform the users about the air filter dust level of their air conditional
Ethernet-Networking Technology: A Surface Review on Current Issues
Get PDFEthernet has evolved throughout the years and still remains relevant in modern communication applications. Its reliability and easy configurability is one of the most liked feature for device communications. Hence, in this paper a surface review upon Ethernet is carried out. Several aspects of Ethernet and its application is investigated on its current researches and achievements. Ethernet applications is used in leading design technologies in the automotive and aviation industry another popular application of it is in the industrial sector. The energy usage of Ethernet and its common issues are also reviewed. From the reviews done, it can be clearly seen that the role of Ethernet in modern network technology is still important as its features are desirable and its flaws consistently being overcome despite the issues of the Ethernet
Design of Integrated Bandpass Filter-Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Applications
Get PDFThis paper presents the proposed design of Integrated Bandpass Filter-Vivaldi Antenna for microwave system applications. Both of these passives components play important roles as the front-end device in transceiver technology. Conventionally, antenna and filter are connected separately leading to impedance mismatch that would affect the whole performance of the overall system. To overcome this problem, an integrated filter-antenna design is proposed, where both devices are combined together into a single sub-module. The proposed design would benefit so much in terms of miniaturization and cost. The proposed antenna and filter used in this research is the antipodal Vivaldi antenna and an Open-Loop Resonator Bandpass Filter (OLRBPF) operating at 2.4GHz frequency band. The structure is constructed on an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and permittivity of 4.7 using cascaded and co-design method. The proposed designs are simulated in Agilent Advance Design System (ADS2016). It is shown that the size of both devices is reduced, the performance of the filter antenna is also enhanced in terms of directivity up to 9.538dBi (co-design) and 5.860 dBi (cascaded)
Comparative Analysis of Input Shaping Techniques for Sway Control of Nonlinear Crane System
Get PDFThis paper compares output based input shaping with a conventional command shaping in suppressing sway of a nonlinear crane system. The output-based input shaping filter is designed using the output signal of the target system while conventional input shaping filters are designed using the natural frequency and damping ratio of the system. Zero vibration (ZV), zero vibration derivative (ZVD), zero vibration derivative, derivatives (ZVDD) and zero vibration and triple derivative (ZVDDD) were designed and compared with the output based filter to investigate the performances and robustness of the filters. Level of sway reduction of the payload and time response analysis is used to assess the performance of the shapers. Simulation results showed that the output based filter has a better performance and it is more robust compared to the conventional input shapers and does not require model information of the system
A Study on Hand Grip Force for Push Activity at Aerospace Industry
Get PDFGrip strength is the force applied by the hand to push objects and is a specific part of hand strength. It is generally considered that all aspects of the hand must be exercised to produce a healthy and strong grip. The purpose of this study is to analyze the hand grip force that causes discomfort for push activity among the workers in the aerospace industry while workers performing their task. Data were collected by using observation, interview, questionnaires, and Tekscan grip system tools were used to evaluate hand grip pressure force of the workers. Findings show that the individual factors such as age and body size have affected the hand pressure grip force. Besides, the study shows that the hand grip pressure forces when pushing the mold with the right hand are higher than left hand. At the end of this study, the authors concluded that high grip forces will lead to a risk factor for the development of MSDs
Investigation of Effects of Carbon Nanofiber Nanofluid in Drilling of AISI 304 Stainless Steel
Get PDFThis paper presents the experimental study of the effects of carbon nanofiber (CNF) nanofluid in drilling of AISI 304 stainless steel. The drilling performance was assessed based on the surface roughness inside the holes, hole dimensional accuracy and burr formation using four different CNF nanofluid concentrations. The machining performance of CNF nanofluid also compared with the base fluid (deionized water) only. The experimental results show that the CNF nanofluid not only improve the surface finish and hole accuracy, but also reduce the burr formation at the circumference of the drilled hole
Parametric Study on Parameter Effects in Hybrid Micro Wire Electrical Discharge Turning
Get PDFIn this paper, a comprehensive parametric study on the effects of operating parameters in wire electrical discharge turning (WEDT) process was conducted. Total of eleven operating parameters were considered against the machined surface quality. The research focuses on the micro-turning of Ti6Al4V materials using Taguchi’s L12 orthogonal array at two level experimental designs. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio were used as statistical tools to evaluate the significances of the parameters. It was found that among the eleven operating parameters, only four parameters dominated and have statistical significant effects on the surface roughness values as discovered by ANOVA. The operating parameters were the rotational spindle speed (28.34%) as the most dominating factor, followed by intensity of pulse (24.18%), wire tension (20.57%) and stabilizer E (11.97%)
Multi-Level Parameter Processed Model to Optimise Clustered Distributed WBAN
Get PDFNumerous individuals can be monitored continuously for their physical or health updates such as the comma patient ward in a hospital or the autistic patients. A distributed Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) forms a wide network with multiple WBANs situated in the same geographical location. Each WBAN has the individual handheld or controller device, and the region has single region control base station. The symmetric featured WBANs update the information to the base station. The small coverage and heavy parallel communication cannot ensure the direct access of the base station to each WBAN. The clustered WBAN architecture is applied in this paper to resolve these primary issues. The proposed improved architecture includes a multi-level and multi-featured evaluation for cluster generation and hierarchical routing over the network. The coverage, energy, load, density and degree parameters are applied selectively at different levels to optimise the cluster controller selection, cluster member identification and communication. The ACO (Ant Colony Optimization) integrated parametric method is applied to generate the multihop hierarchical route between nodes to the base station. The proposed architectural framework is simulated on multiple scenarios under WBAN level scalability. The comparative results are generated against the energy adaptive clustering method, LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and gateway based energyefficient routing protocol (M-GEAR). The evaluation results verified that the proposed architecture has reduced the energy consumption and improved the network life, energy utilisation, and packet communication effectively
Parametric Study of Modified U-shaped Split Ring Resonator Structure Dimension at Ultra-Wide-band Monopole Antenna
Get PDFThis paper discusses the parametric study work Ushaped split ring resonator (SRR) structure effect on the ultrawide-band (UWB) monopole. Five different stages are done, consisted from Design A to Design E, with three stages are considered with parametric study – Design B, Design C, and Design D. Firstly, Design A represent the basic UWB monopole antenna without SRR structure while the last design, Design E shows the proposed UWB monopole antenna with modified SRR structure. The Design E successfully resonate at first resonant frequency of 6.272 GHz with return loss performance of – 25.91 dB while resonate at second resonant frequency at 7.82 GHz with a return loss of – 26.165 dB. This antenna operates at UWB range frequency from 2.572 GHz to 10.746 GHz of with bandwidth performance of 8.174 GHz. It shows that a 0.972 GHz range of band-notch frequency bandwidth, starting with 5.028 GHz to 6.0 GHz
Optimization of Process Parameters for Threshold Voltage and Leakage Current based on Taguchi Method
Get PDFIn this study, the effect of process parameters on the threshold voltage (Vth) and leakage current (Ileak) were explored and the optimization of these parameters were carried out using the Taguchi method. The virtual device was initially constructed using ATHENA and ATLAS environment in Silvaco Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) tools. The simulation studies were directed under four varying process parameters, which are Vt adjust implantation dose, the halo tiling angle, the S/D implantation dose and the compensation implantation dose. The L9 Orthogonal Array (OA), the signalto-noise ratio (SNR), and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to study the performance characteristics and to gain an optimum combination of parameter settings. It was revealed that the Vt adjust implantation dose was the most influential parameter on the Vth and Ileak. Furthermore, it also improves the device performance. The result of Vth complied with the projections made by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS)