Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka: UTeM Open Journal System
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Weather Detector for Motorcyclist with Notification from GSM/GPRS Module
No full textThis paper presents a weather detector for the motorcyclist. The device notifies the user by sending SMS and turns on the emergency light during rain. The device will detect three different weather conditions which are rain warning, heavy rain and sunny day. Water drop sensor will measure the resistance of the sensor if the water drops at the surface of the sensor and send data to the Arduino. Arduino will make a decision accordingly; then it will command the GSM/GPRS module to send a message to the user regarding the weather condition. The message will be sent for every 30 minutes throughout the rain. If the user were riding the motorcycle when the rain started, the emergency light would be turned on to alert another vehicle. Results showed that the system could differentiate three different weather condition and able to send out a warning message to the user when it would rain or heavy rain
Design and Implementation of IP Core for Contourlet-Based Image Compression
No full textThis paper presents a Contourlet-based image compression algorithm and its hardware IP core design. The proposed algorithm is based on the Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) coding method in Contourlet domain. Three new ideas for this algorithm are proposed: finding significant subbands by analyzing and comparing the distribution of coefficients in both Contourlet and Wavelet subbands; rearranging the order of these subbands based on their significant level; coding more significant subbands first by more bits to reduce compression loss. Thanks to these improvements, the proposed algorithm outperforms the other methods using SPIHT in Contourlet or Wavelet domain. In order to increase the processing time of the proposed algorithm, its hardware IP core is designed and verified on Cyclone IV FPGA. The architecture of the IP core supports Avalon bus interface and is able to be easily integrated into a system-on-chip (SoC). The complete verification of the IP core is described to demonstrate its correctness and applications in image compression
Success Index for Promoting Malaysian Homestay Programmes Based in Multi Criteria Analysis
No full textA Malaysian Homestay Programme (HP) is a type of accommodation that offers tourists experiences related to cultural activities and allows interaction with the local community. Unfortunately, some of the HPs have not been performing well in tandem with the growth of the tourism industry. There are a number of challenges faced in operating HPs; many HPs have not been performing as well as the other successful HPs. The tourists are more inclined to stay at certain popular homestays. This motivates us to investigate and identify the differences in HPs’ successes by developing a suitable multicriteria model based on pre-identified criteria. The developed HP success model leads to the establishment of the success index where the ranking of the HPs is performed. Initially, three models were studied. All models were developed using simple weighted average (SWA) method embedding different sets of weights for the criteria. These weights for the respective criteria were obtained using rank order centroid (ROC), Modified Pairwise Comparison (MPC) and Average Weight methods, separately. Based on the different success indices developed, expert opinions were sought to compare and select the best index which represents a more realistic homestay ranking. The results in terms of indices show that homestay rankings among the 26 HPs vary except for certain ranking positions. Subsequently, based on the success indices generated, the HPs are classified into three different performance groups, i.e., poor, good and excellent. It is evidenced that the SWA is an applicable method to determine the performance and ranking of HPs based on the respective success indices. Eventually, the proposed model can be as well used as a guide to improve the homestay performance
A Comparative Study of Enhanced Nonlinear PI to Multivariable Nonlinear Plant
Get PDFThe static gains of PI controller have limitation to handle the process nonlinearities of the system. This suggests the development of enhanced nonlinear PI controller where a nonlinear gain function is cascaded to PI parameters. Two nonlinear gain functions are developed and the effectiveness of the control performance is investigated for two different control structures for a multivariable nonlinear wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). It was proved that superior output with the lower mean error was obtained by developed nonlinear PI specifically in the multivariable control structure. The developed nonlinear PI offers simpler control structure and easy implementation hence offering alternative control strategy for the multivariable system
The Effect of Ladder-Bar Shape Variation for A Ladder-Secondary Double-Sided Linear Induction Motor (LSDSLIM) Design to Cogging Force and Useful Thrust Performances
Get PDFThis paper describes an investigation on the variation of the magnetic circuit of LSDSLIM (Ladder Secondary Double-Sided Linear Induction Motors) for the ladder-bar shape effects of cogging action and useful thrust. The comparisons are based on the Maxwell Stress method and FE method. The background of this investigation is related to that there are conflicts between the air gap length and cogging force and useful thrust for the Linear induction motor design with ladder secondary. Therefore, as the first stage of the design, the objectives are to investigate the minimum cogging forces and maximum useful thrust for the ladder shape effect. The methodology of investigation is based on the variation of the tooth width and the slot width of stationary part for the variation of the shape of ladder-bars. The tooth width and the slot width of moving part remain constant. The two laddershaped which are investigated include trapezoidal ladder bar and rectangular ladder bar. In each shape, the variation of the ratio between the tooth width and the slot width of ladder bar is conducted, and the maximum magnitude of the cogging action and magnitude maximum of useful thrust are investigated. The goodness of this procedure is the ratio between cogging action to useful thrust. This investigation shows that the trapezoidLadder Bars can decrease the magnitude of the Cogging Action in linear induction motor until 2.5% compared to the rectangular ladder-bars, and the thrust does not decrease in significant value
Visual Inspection as a Screening Method in Assembly Process for Quality Improvement
No full textKaizen is one of the famous approach in the Japanese manufacturing industries to increase the productivity. There are many techniques applied in Kaizen, but surprisingly the visual inspection ‘point to point checking jig’ is a potential technique to respond customer needs in term of quality issue. This study is performed to detect missing rivet pin during riveting process manually done by operators. The root cause of this the quality issue is due to lack of awareness among the operators. ‘Point to point checking jig’ is apply in order to eliminate waste at production line related to the manually process by operators. Plan, Do, Check and Action or known as PDCA is a method that has been applied in this study. The point to point jig was designed and fabricate with characteristics of mistake proofing. 50 samples were prepared as a pilot run to monitor and validate the progress action. This procedure is to ensure zero percentage (0 %) defect target was achieved in the following months after correction action had been taken. This paper shows the successful of ‘point to point checking jig’ in Kaizen, which gives impact to product quality performance
Design and Implementation of Computing-based Air Conditioner (AC) (ComBAC) – A Preliminary Work
Get PDFComputing-based air conditioner (ComBAC) highlights the concept of spot cooling that helps to reduce energy consumption without sacrificing consumer comfortability, while the conventional air conditioner (AC) cooling down the entire space regardless of occupancy. In this study, National Instruments (NI) myRIO has been explored as a hardware solution, and the advantage of graphical-based programming in LabVIEW has been fully used to design the graphical user interface (GUI) as well as for data acquisition programming. For the input, web camera C170 is used to detect the presence of human/object in a room, while the value of current is being measured using current sensor and later being analysed by NI myRIO to exhibit the energy consumed of an AC. NI myRIO also acts to control the AC, to divert the air flow according to the spot cooling concept and visualisation of energy consumed available via liquid crystal display (LCD). To evaluate the proposed system, ComBAC has been prototyped into a wallmounted AC unit with 2.5 meter height within a 3 3 square meter room floor area. An evaluation for objects/humans detection and dynamic tracking mechanism has been conducted and results obtained shown promising results. The proposed system has successfully captured the presence of object/human in a room, analyse the data and finally portray the value of energy consumption of the AC
Comparative Study of Different Near-Infrared (NIR) Wavelengths on Glucose Concentration Detection
Get PDFThere are a lot of in-vitro non-invasive techniques to measure a glucose concentration and one of them is by using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. In this study, the main objective is to compare the behaviour on the different wavelengths of NIR transmitter (1050 nm, 1200 nm, 1300 nm, 1450 nm, and 1550 nm) on different glucose concentration solutions (0 to 300 mg/dL) and the measurement indicates a correlation between voltage and glucose concentration. The conditional circuit of NIR transmitter and detector is designed in order for the transmitter to transmit an optimal intensity of light. Besides, it also consists of the filter and amplifier used to filter and amplify the signal from the noise on the detector side. The transmitter and detector are positioned facing each other and the cuvette that filled with glucose solution is located in between. A placeholder casing for the experimental setup is designed to reduce an external error during the data collection. The voltage outputs are recorded for every different glucose concentrations by using different transmitter wavelength. Based on the results, it shows that the voltage output reading is directly proportionate to the glucose concentrations. These behaviours are similar to all different transmitter wavelengths used. The R-square (R2) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) for every wavelength used are varied. The result of using 1450 nm wavelength shows the best correlation between voltage outputs and glucose concentrations compared to other wavelengths with the highest value of R2. A linear equation is extracted from the fitted graph and can be used to predict the value of glucose concentrations
CLASSIFICATION OF WELD BEAD DEFECTS BASED ON IMAGE SEGMENTATION METHOD
No full textDefect is an imperfection that could impair the worth and utility of a finished good. The defects show some disorder of the product and it is opposite the standard or criteria that have been stated. In defining and detecting the defects occur, many ways have been discussed and observed. However, the techniques or ways are not appropriate or not suitable for some condition and situation. In addition, welding process is one of the critical processes in detecting and defining defect to ensure the quality of the weld bead. To overcome the problem in detecting and defining defects, image processing is one of the methods in improving the process of detecting defects. The defects are classified based on automatic thresholding method that automates detecting and defining the defects. This study proposes a Decision Tree-based classification of weld bead defects through segmentation of image. The result obtained shows that the classification is effective in identifying the weld bead defects with 89% accuracy. For future work, the focus will be made to improve the detection accuracy by integrating suitable filters
Effect of Leg Length Discrepancy On Joint Contact Force During Gait Using Motion Tracking System: A Pilot Test
Get PDFLeg length discrepancy (LLD) often leads to a distraction of everyday routine, especially to a person with an active lifestyle. Normally, as there is a discrepancy between leg, the kinematic (i.e. gait pattern) as well as kinetic parameters (i.e. joint stresses) throughout the lower limb will be changed. This alteration will later develop more problems if it remains untreated. However, the way of treatments depending on the level of discrepancy. This pilot study aims to examine the effect of stress distribution on the LLD. There are two subjects participate; the true LLD, and simulated LLD. The true LLD comes from the patient with a history of Total Hip Replacements acts as a control subject to verify the simulated subject (healthy subject with no history of orthopaedic surgery), meets the exacts behaviour of real LLD. Nine levels of LLD are implemented, starting from 0cm up to 4cm with 0.5cm interval each. To analyse the joint reaction force, inverse dynamic modelling software was used, Freebody v2.1. As the results obtained, it is shown that ankle gives greater peak value, following by hip, tibiofemoral, and patellofemoral joint. An implication of this study is the possibility that the subject tries to compensate the LLD posture during gait. Hence, reduce the contact within the joint, so the contact area of the ankle become smaller resulting greater stress