Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka: UTeM Open Journal System
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DEFECTS IN ALUMINUM THIN FILMS DEPOSITED ON PET SUBSTRATE AND THEIR FORMATION MECHANISM
No full textDefects in aluminum films deposited on PET substrate by a vacuum web coater were investigated to clarify their formation mechanisms. The defects detected by optical transmission equipment were taken from a plastic web, and then observed with optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Subsequently, the shapes were classified into four types: teardrop, splashing, scattered dots and round. However, the features of the microstructure were classified as follows: Clear boundary line without films; Unclear boundary line with transparent films; Unclear boundary line with transparent films and residual particles at the center and thermally damaged and penetrated. It has been suggested that the defect formation mechanisms are as follows: (a) splashing of molten aluminum droplets, (b) oxidation of aluminum due to oxygen-containing substances such as water and oil and (c) oxidation of aluminum due to the adhesion of polymer lint
Degradation Of Methylene Blue Using CuO Prepared Using Conventional Solid State Method
Get PDFThe degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye onto copper oxide (CuO) synthesized using solid state method was investigated in a batch adsorption process. Copper Oxide (CuO) was successfully synthesized using solid state synthesis which involves heat treatment with temperatures ranging from 400 oC to 600 oC. The optimum preparation temperature was 600 oC resulting in 8.5% MB removal. XRD analysis shows that the crystal system of CuO is a monoclinic system and therefore all the diffraction peaks has been indexed using the CuO monoclinic phase. The obtained parameters were a = 4.6860 Å, b = 3.4280 Å, c = 5.1330 Å with a volume cell of 81.84 Å3. SEM analysis indicates that a standard particle size for CuO is 37.0μm and that it has irregular surface. The effect of initial dye concentration (100 ppm-600 ppm), contact time (24-48 hours) and solution temperature (30 ⁰C) were also evaluated. Highest removal percentage of MB was observed in MB concentration of 600 ppm. A longer contact time of 48 hours was shown to be more effective than 24 hours. The adsorption of MB onto CuO has higher efficiency at larger concentration difference, longer contact time and higher temperature used during synthesizing CuO
Large Displacement Analysis Of Elastoplastic Bending Of Non-Uniform Beam
Get PDFThe aim of this work is to simulate the elastoplastic behavior in large displacements of a beam of non-uniform section subjected to flexion. First, a mathematical formulation of the elastoplastic behavior based on the moment-curvature relation in the framework of the classical beam theory is developed where the non-uniformity of the section is taken into consideration. The curvature is then evaluated numerically by means of the Newton-Raphson method. Then a formulation in large displacements is put in place. The geometric nonlinearity governed by differential equations is analyzed. The integration method of Euler is favored to solve the problem and thus determine the deflection of the beam. The results of the elasticity simulation are compared with other results of the literature and a good coherence was found in the light of which the approach was applied in elastoplasticity
THE EFFECT OF DIESEL AND BIO-DIESEL FUEL DEPOSIT LAYERS ON HEAT TRANSFER
No full textThe adhesion of deposits on the combustion chamber wall surface affecting the heat transfer process in an engine that cause engine knock, increase NOx and increase soot generation during the combustion process. The effect will be more significant when utilizing bio-diesel fuel due to its higher density and viscosity. Thus, this study is intended to investigate the effect of diesel and bio-diesel fuels deposit layers on heat transfer. In this study, deposit layer of diesel fuel (DF) and 5% palm oil based bio-diesel fuel blends (B5) were prepared for surface temperature at 250°C and 357°C by using a hollow cylinder heater. Then, the hollow cylinder covered with deposit layer in its inner surface was inserted in a heat transfer chamber apparatus to investigate its effect on heat transfer to surrounding. Deposit layer for DF that was prepared at surface temperature of 357°C was able to act as insulator which prevents the heat from transferring to the surrounding compared to deposit layer formed at lower surface temperature. However, deposit layer of B5 prepared at surface temperature of 250°C have better insulator properties compared to DF at the same surface temperature
THE IMPACT OF WORKER EXPERIENCE AND HEALTH LEVEL TO VIBRATION ABSORBED BY HAND
No full textThis study was set to identify how working environment affected workers’ stress level and to determine the differences of vibration absorbed by hand in both good and bad health conditions. To achieve the first aim, a survey method was employed to gather data from the workers who were involved in the composite cutting job. Meanwhile, to achieve the second aim, an experiment to investigate the effects of performing the cutting job using hand tools was conducted on five participants with different health conditions. The results of the study revealed that the workers felt that their working environment was stressful. The workers who had bad health condition as average would absorb 237.8% (for 5mm thickness) and 17.46% (for 3mm thickness) more vibration from the hand tools while performing the cutting job than the others. The paper discusses whether workplace stress and vibration absorption from using hand tools will finally lead or contribute to health problems especially the hand arm vibration disease
AZAM TANI: TAHAP KEMAHIRAN DAN DAYA SAING RESPONDEN MELAYU MISKIN DI SEBERANG PERAI, PULAU PINANG.
Get PDFPembasmian kemiskinan telah menjadi salah satu agenda kerajaan semenjak pelaksanaan Dasar Ekonomi Baru. Hal ini kerana kemiskinan dilihat boleh memberi impak negatif kepada negara. Majoriti miskin di kalangan orang Melayu dan beragama Islam. Namun begitu Islam tidak memandang kemiskinan sebagai perkara yang hina. Ia masih boleh diubati. Salah satu pendekatan adalah melalui pembangunan komuniti seperti Program AZAM Tani yang telah pada dilaksanakan pada tahun 2010. Malah pelaksanaan AZAM Tani dilihat sebagai satu impak positif kepada komuniti miskin terutamanya dari etnik Melayu. Salah satu penumpuan program ini adalah meningkat pengetahuan, kemahiran dan daya saing pesertanya. Maka itu, permasalahannya adalah apakah tahap kemahiran dan daya saing komuniti Melayu miskin setelah menyertai program AZAM Tani ini. Kaedah kuantitatif dan bancian digunakan dalam kajian ini. Seramai 54 responden berjaya dikutip dari lapangan dan mereka adalah peserta program AZAM Tani pada tahun 2011. Mereka ini tinggal di Seberang Perai. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tahap kemahiran dan daya saing responden adalah sederhana tinggi. Namun begitu, kemahiran dan daya saing diperoleh secara tidak langsung dari pelaksanaan program ini melalui pengetahuan. Walau bagaimanapun, perlaksanaan program AZAM Tani membantu kepada perubahan tahap pendapatan responden dan membantu majoriti responden melaksanakan pekerjaan tambahan
MINIMIZING PROCESS LEAD TIME FOR A SINGLE MACHINE USING THE DEVELOPED OPTIMAL BATCH SIZE EQUATIONS
No full textManufacturing with an optimal batch size can significantly increase production performance. In the past, complicated techniques such as optimization models, simulation, queuing theory, and complex algorithms had been explored to solve for the optimal batch size. By applying those techniques, some customizations are needed when production factors such as demands and capacity change. It is even more difficult for a plant manager to customize the model when producing more than one type of products in a single machine. In the previous research studies, none of researchers proposed the equations that a plant manager can just put the numbers into and get the optimal solution. Therefore, the developed closed-form optimal batch size equations are proposed in this research. The formula can be easily used to assess the impact of changes in production volume. The purpose is to minimize process lead time. The developed optimal batch size equation can be applied to estimate the process lead time associated with the size of the batch when the demand is given. This research provides an illustration of proposed method with various parameters applied to different products. The optimal batch size is solved and the result verifies the effectiveness of the approach
POSITIVE EMOTION RECOGNITION THROUGH EYE TRACKING TECHNOLOGY
No full textCurrently, modern eye tracking technology has been utilized to examine the gazing behavior as human visual perception is very much linked to the psychological knowledge of mental processes. Hence, eye tracking technology is potential to reveal hidden cognitive processes of human behaviour. However, eye tracking understanding can be crucial to investigate as the analysis involved the nature feeling of positive stimuli affects subjects’ emotions and soul through the eye tracking device. This experiment therefore attempt to investigate and identify the feeling utilizing the eye tracking sensor. Audio-visual setup of media containing positive emotions attributes were exhibited to participants to gauge the feeling of valence and excitement. The experiment used Tobii TX300 eye tracker with 10 subjects participated. The positive emotions that apply in this experiment are Love, Joy, Inspiration and Serenity. The results showed that both "Joy" and "Inspiration" stimuli fixation duration peaks the longest at 7000ms among the ten subjects tested. The experiment further found that the pupil dilated strongly to “Joy” and “Inspiration”. These fixation metrics results confirmed that the participants visual attention toward salient image content were differently processed which concluded the positive emotion recognition. The results sum up that eye tracking metrics is useful to implicitly uncover the feelings insight of human behavior
Renal Cancer Cell Nuclei Detection from Cytological Images Using Convolutional Neural Network for Estimating Proliferation Rate
Get PDFThe Cytological images play an essential role in monitoring the progress of cancer cell mutation. The proliferation rate of the cancer cell is the prerequisite for cancer treatment. It is hard to accurately identify the nucleus of the abnormal cell in a faster way as well as find the correct proliferation rate since it requires an in-depth manual examination, observation and cell counting, which are very tedious and time-consuming. The proposed method starts with segmentation to separate the background and object regions with K-means clustering. The small candidate regions, which contain cell region is detected based on the value of support vector machine automatically. The sets of cell regions are marked with selective search according to the local distance between the nucleus and cell boundary, whether they are overlapping or non-overlapping cell regions. After that, the selective segmented cell features are taken to learn the normal and abnormal cell nuclei separately from the regional convolutional neural network. Finally, the proliferation rate in the invasive cancer area is calculated based on the number of abnormal cells. A set of renal cancer cell cytological images is taken from the National Cancer Institute, USA and this data set is available for the research work. Quantitative evaluation of this method is performed by comparing its accuracy with the accuracy of the other state of the art cancer cell nuclei detection methods. Qualitative assessment is done based on human observation. The proposed method is able to detect renal cancer cell nuclei accurately and provide automatic proliferation rate
128-QAM Based mm-Wave Communication (5G) Architecture
Get PDFDemand for bandwidth can never be fulfilled with any definite amount. Population is growing at a high speed which also causes an increase in the demand for bandwidth. Currently available bands ranging up-to 10 GHz is at the edge of saturation. So a newer and unutilized bandwidth is mandatory for the fulfillment of the increasing bandwidth demand. The millimeter wave band which is fully used. This band offers a wide range of bandwidth (30 GHz ~ 300 GHz). A slight part of this band, the E-band, has been used in the design of the 5G network proposed in this paper. Single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) and orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) have been proposed for the uplink and downlink multiple access respectively. A Rayleigh fading channel is used as the propagation environment along with considering different losses at sea level (T = 0 ˚C, P = 760 mm Hg, H2O = 1 gm/m3). 128-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) has been used as the principle modulation technique. Also, the use of adaptive beam-forming antennas ensure an increased coverage of about 2 km