Centro Universitario Mendoza, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras: Open Journal Systems FFYL
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Impact of Fire on the Genetic Variability of a Natural Population of Stylosanthes hippocampoides (Fabaceae) in Corrientes, Argentina
Full text linkStylosanthes hippocampoides, a native legume forage species, was first studied by our research team in 2016 to assess genetic variability in natural populations in northeastern Argentina. Recurrent fires in the following years raised concerns about their effects on population genetics. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the genetic variability and structure of S. hippocampoides populations before and after fire events, and to infer whether such disturbances influence genetic diversity. Using Geographic Information System tools, we selected one fire-affected population (ASI) and one unaffected population (TC). Genetic analyses were conducted using inter-simple sequence repeat markers, and pre- and post-fire genetic statistics were compared. Greater genetic variability was observed between populations than within them. The TC population exhibited higher intra-population genetic diversity than the ASI population. Genetic variability decreased in ASI post-fire, while TC slightly increased. However, neither change was statistically significant. Genetic structure analysis consistently grouped individuals by population, regardless of fire exposure. These findings provide a foundation for future research on Stylosanthes, incorporating additional populations with varied fire histories and examining post-fire recovery processes.
Highlights:
Fire impact on genetic variability of Stylosanthes hippocampoides populations in Corrientes Argentina were assessed.
This is a preliminary study supporting fire-related conservation planning efforts.
Genetic variability was higher among than within populations.
Post-fire population showed genetic decline, not statistically significant.
Genetic structure grouped individuals by population in all comparisons.
This study explores fire effects and recovery in Stylosanthes.Stylosanthes hippocampoides, a native legume forage species, was first studied by our research team in 2016 to assess genetic variability in natural populations in northeastern Argentina. Recurrent fires in the following years raised concerns about their effects on population genetics. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the genetic variability and structure of S. hippocampoides populations before and after fire events, and to infer whether such disturbances influence genetic diversity. Using Geographic Information System tools, we selected one fire-affected population (ASI) and one unaffected population (TC). Genetic analyses were conducted using inter-simple sequence repeat markers, and pre- and post-fire genetic statistics were compared. Greater genetic variability was observed between populations than within them. The TC population exhibited higher intra-population genetic diversity than the ASI population. Genetic variability decreased in ASI post-fire, while TC slightly increased. However, neither change was statistically significant. Genetic structure analysis consistently grouped individuals by population, regardless of fire exposure. These findings provide a foundation for future research on Stylosanthes, incorporating additional populations with varied fire histories and examining post-fire recovery processes.
Highlights:
Fire impact on genetic variability of Stylosanthes hippocampoides populations in Corrientes Argentina were assessed.
This is a preliminary study supporting fire-related conservation planning efforts.
Genetic variability was higher among than within populations.
Post-fire population showed genetic decline, not statistically significant.
Genetic structure grouped individuals by population in all comparisons.
This study explores fire effects and recovery in Stylosanthes
Análisis territorial de actores en la gestión integral de residuos sólidos urbanos del Área Metropolitana de Mendoza (2023-2025)
Full text linkLa gestión integral de residuos sólidos urbanos (GIRSU) es un sistema que abarca diferentes actores, con sus roles, intereses e influencias. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar, describir y analizar a los actores involucrados en la GIRSU del Área Metropolitana de Mendoza (AMM), sus relaciones, niveles de influencia e interés y la variación de ellas para el período 2023-2025. La metodología utilizada fue descriptiva y exploratoria, basada en un análisis de antecedentes, entrevistas, mapeo de actores y georreferenciación. Los resultados muestran la permanencia del rol central de municipios y cooperativas y la reducción de la presencia del Estado nacional debido a políticas públicas con menor intervención, con la consecuencia del incremento de la influencia de empresas y del Estado provincial. La georreferenciación permitió observar cómo la distancia condiciona las articulaciones y su combinación de mapeo de actores permitió un análisis territorial integral, lo que contribuye a la economía circular. Finalmente se concluye que la presente investigación constituye un aporte a la gobernanza ambiental en la gestión de residuos
Economía circular y su implementación para el desarrollo empresarial ecuatoriano: El caso de tres empresas de tamaño grande
Full text linkEsta investigación se fundamenta en la economía circular y se plantea como pregunta principal ¿por qué es limitada la adopción este sistema en las empresas de Ecuador? El objetivo general es revisar las acciones hechas sobre economía circular por parte de tres empresas de tamaño grande en Ecuador. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, de modalidad analítico-sintética y deductiva-inductiva, tipo descriptiva y muestra no probabilística. Se obtuvo como resultado que la empresa Holcim implementa tecnología y aprovecha el agua de lluvia, la Corporación Favorita enseña que la cultura es importante y la iniciativa de crear su propia organización sin fines de lucro, y Novacero incentiva con la gestión de obtener certificados de calidad y apoya con el reciclaje. Se concluye que la limitada adopción de circularidad se debe a i) la combinación de barreras económicas, tecnológicas, de organización y culturales, ii) que se requiere alta inversión y aceptar el retorno en el largo plazo, que no todas las empresas son atractivas para atraer inversores, carecen de infraestructura y son menos cooperativas, iii) que el gasto ambiental es más concentrado en las industrias manufacturera y minera, mientras que en el resto es bajo
Impacto de la política crediticia de la banca pública y privada en relación con el crecimiento económico del sector agropecuario en Ecuador durante el período 2008-2020
Full text link¿En qué medida la política crediticia adoptada por la banca pública y privada en Ecuador, durante el período 2008-2020, ha desempeñado un papel determinante en el crecimiento económico del sector agropecuario? El objetivo general es evaluar si la política crediticia constituye un factor determinante. La hipótesis es que la política crediticia impacta en el crecimiento del sector agropecuario
A repressão em San Juan antes do golpe: modalidades, atores e escalas da violência estatal (1973–1976)
Full text linkThis article analyzes the configuration of the repressive apparatus in the province of San Juan between 1973 and 1976, an area that has so far received little attention in studies of Argentina’s recent past. Drawing on judicial records, local press sources, and oral testimonies, it seeks to shed light on the dynamics that shaped the actions of the security and military forces operating in this jurisdiction during the interregnum between two dictatorships. The study proposes a two-stage periodization, taking as a turning point the decrees of October 1975 and the subsequent subordination of provincial and federal forces under the command of the 22nd Mountain Infantry Regiment. These findings invite a broader discussion on the nature of state and para-state violence in pre-dictatorial San Juan, and on the ways in which such violence has been traditionally represented in historiography and collective memory.Este artículo examina el entramado represivo en la provincia de San Juan entre 1973 y 1976, un espacio hasta ahora poco explorado en los estudios sobre el pasado reciente en Argentina. A partir de fuentes judiciales, prensa local y entrevistas, busca dar cuenta de las dinámicas que caracterizaron el accionar de las fuerzas de seguridad y militares que operaron en esta jurisdicción en el interregno entre dos dictaduras. De esta manera, propone una periodización que reconoce dos etapas, tomando como punto de inflexión los decretos de octubre de 1975 y la consiguiente subordinación de las fuerzas provinciales y federales bajo la jefatura del Regimiento de Infantería de Montaña 22. Finalmente, estas consideraciones son recuperadas para abrir la discusión en torno a la caracterización sobre la violencia estatal y paraestatal en la San Juan predictatorial, y las formas en las que ha sido tradicionalmente representada.Este artigo analisa a configuração do aparato repressivo na província de San Juan entre 1973 e 1976, um espaço ainda pouco explorado nos estudos sobre o passado recente da Argentina. A partir de fontes judiciais, da imprensa local e de entrevistas, busca-se compreender as dinâmicas que caracterizaram a atuação das forças de segurança e das Forças Armadas que operaram nessa jurisdição durante o interregno entre duas ditaduras. Dessa forma, propõe-se uma periodização que reconhece duas etapas, tomando como ponto de inflexão os decretos de outubro de 1975 e a consequente subordinação das forças provinciais e federais ao comando do Regimento de Infantaria de Montanha 22. Por fim, essas considerações são retomadas para abrir a discussão em torno da caracterização da violência estatal e paraestatal na San Juan pré-ditatorial, e das formas como ela tem sido tradicionalmente representada
Os anos setenta nas memórias dos atores agrícolas da Pampa: Entre omissões, visões fragmentadas e reivindicação da ordem
Full text linkThis paper analyses the historical memories of agricultural actors in the Pampas region during the 1970s, with a special focus on the last military dictatorship. From the perspective of memory as a field of dispute, it examines the narratives constructed by agricultural actors and how they are influenced by public discourse and lived or transmitted experiences. Based on interviews conducted between 2023 and 2025 in small and medium-sized towns in the province of Buenos Aires, the study reveals the absence of a shared ‘agricultural memory’: fragmentary accounts predominate, in which rural and/or sectoral specificity barely appears. The democratic period from 1973 to 1976 is largely forgotten, despite the intense agrarian conflict that characterised it. As for the dictatorship, the narratives are distinguished by their lack of condemnation of the military regime, their vindication of the order imposed during the period, and their insistence on the supposed difference between the experience in large and small cities. In relation to public discourse, liberal-conservative sentiments and some neoliberal inflections are mainly identified, without a coherent historical narrative being structured. Both what is said and what is left unsaid highlight the uniqueness of local experiences and the persistent weight of anti-Peronism in the Pampas countryside.El presente trabajo analiza las memorias de los actores agrarios pampeanos sobre los años setenta, con un foco principal en la última dictadura militar, sin dejar de considerar el interregno democrático previo (1973-1976). Desde la perspectiva de la memoria como campo de disputa, se examina qué narrativas construyen los actores agrarios y cómo influyen en ellas los discursos públicos y las experiencias vividas o transmitidas. Basado en entrevistas realizadas entre 2023 y 2025 en pequeñas y medianas localidades de la provincia de Buenos Aires, el estudio evidencia la ausencia de una “memoria agraria” compartida: predominan relatos fragmentarios en los que la especificidad rural y/o sectorial apenas aparece. Sobre el período 1973-1976 predomina el olvido, pese a la intensa conflictividad agraria que lo caracterizó. En cuanto a la última dictadura, las narrativas se distinguen por la escasa condena al régimen militar, la reivindicación del orden impuesto durante el período y la insistencia en la diferencia entre la experiencia en las grandes y pequeñas ciudades. En relación con los discursos públicos, se identifican principalmente sentidos liberales-conservadores y algunas inflexiones neoliberales, sin que se estructure un relato histórico coherente. Tanto los dichos como los silencios ponen de relieve la singularidad de las experiencias locales y el peso persistente del anti-peronismo en el agro pampeano.O presente trabalho analisa as memórias dos atores agrários pampeanos sobre os anos 70, com foco principal na última ditadura militar, sem deixar de considerar o interregno democrático anterior (1973-1976). A partir da perspectiva da memória como campo de disputa, examina-se quais narrativas os atores agrários constroem e como elas são influenciadas pelos discursos públicos e pelas experiências vividas ou transmitidas. Com base em entrevistas realizadas entre 2023 e 2025 em pequenas e médias localidades da província de Buenos Aires, o estudo evidencia a ausência de uma “memória agrária” compartilhada: predominam relatos fragmentários nos quais a especificidade rural e/ou setorial mal aparece. Sobre o período democrático de 1973-1976, predomina o esquecimento, apesar da intensa conflituosidade agrária que o caracterizou. Quanto à ditadura, as narrativas se distinguem pela escassa condenação ao regime militar, pela reivindicação da ordem imposta durante o período e pela insistência na suposta diferença entre a experiência nas grandes e pequenas cidades. Em relação aos discursos públicos, identificam-se principalmente sentidos liberais-conservadores e algumas inflexões neoliberais, sem que se estruture um relato histórico coerente. Tanto as palavras como os silêncios destacam a singularidade das experiências locais e o peso persistente do anti-peronismo na agricultura pampeana
Seguindo os rastros do desaparecimento: Arqueologia forense em San Juan e os dilemas de um sistema institucional de desaparecimentos
Full text linkThis article offers an overview of the work carried out by the Center for Studies and Research in Anthropology and Archaeology (CEIAA) in collaboration with the federal judicial system in the Province of San Juan, Argentina. These are the first studies conducted consistently over a decade in the field of archaeology and forensic anthropology in this province of the Cuyo region. We begin with the hypothesis that the disappearances of the bodies of the disappeared are related to the disappearances of Indigenous ancestors perpetrated by the archaeological heritage system. Both are forms of violence woven into the very practices institutionalized over decades by state apparatuses at the local level. We are confronted with a regime of power that makes the othered body disappear, whose practices, discourses, and performances both hinder and contribute to its concealment and subsequent disappearance, making it difficult to return remains to families and Indigenous communities. This exploration, based on a native theory framed as a cosmopolitics of tracing, proposes to trace the footprints of disappearance in a province with a history of mass deaths. The article also invites reflection on the healing and creative possibilities that arise from articulating the social demands of the Indigenous movement and the human rights movement.Este articulo ofrece un recorrido por las actuaciones del Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Antropología y Arqueología (CEIAA), efectuados en colaboración con el sistema judicial federal en la provincia de San Juan, República Argentina. Se trata de los primeros estudios realizados sostenidamente a lo largo de una década en el campo de la arqueología y antropología forense en esta provincia de Cuyo. Partimos de la hipótesis de que las desapariciones de los cuerpos de lxs detenidxs desaparecidxs tienen relación con las desapariciones de ancestrxs indígenas operadas por el sistema arqueológico patrimonial, ambas son formas de violencias que se traman en las propias prácticas institucionalizadas a lo largo de décadas en los aparatos estatales a nivel local. Nos enfrentamos a un régimen de poder desaparecedor del cuerpo alterizado, cuyas prácticas, discursos y performances obstaculizan y colaboran en su ocultamiento y consecuente desaparición, dificultando las restituciones a familiares y comunidades indígenas. En este recorrido, desde una teoría nativa planteada como cosmopolítica del rastreo, se propone rastrear las huellas de la desaparición en una provincia con experiencias de muertes masivas en su historia reciente. El articulo invita además a pensar las posibilidades sanadoras y creativas que admite la articulación entre demandas sociales del movimiento indígena y del movimiento de derechos humanos.Este artigo apresenta uma visão geral do trabalho realizado pelo Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Antropologia e Arqueologia (CEIAA) em colaboração com o sistema judiciário federal na Província de San Juan, Argentina. Trata-se dos primeiros estudos conduzidos de forma consistente ao longo de uma década no campo da arqueologia e da antropologia forense nessa província da região de Cuyo. Partimos da hipótese de que os desaparecimentos dos corpos dos desaparecidos estão relacionados aos desaparecimentos de ancestrais indígenas perpetrados pelo sistema de patrimônio arqueológico. Ambos são formas de violência intrínsecas às próprias práticas institucionalizadas ao longo de décadas pelos aparelhos estatais em nível local. Deparamo-nos com um regime de poder que faz o corpo marginalizado desaparecer, cujas práticas, discursos e performances tanto dificultam quanto contribuem para seu ocultamento e subsequente desaparecimento, tornando difícil a restituição dos restos mortais às famílias e comunidades indígenas. Esta investigação, baseada em uma teoria nativa enquadrada como uma cosmopolítica do rastreamento, propõe rastrear as pegadas do desaparecimento em uma província com um histórico de mortes em massa. O artigo também convida à reflexão sobre as possibilidades de cura e criatividade que surgem da articulação das demandas sociais do movimento indígena e do movimento pelos direitos humanos
Rebasar el antropocentrismo. Reflexiones dialógicas con/desde el pensamiento amerindio y la antropología de la vida
Full text linkWe aim to go beyond modern eurocentric anthropocentrism, assuming as a starting point the imperative need to break with the epistemological and at the same time ethical limitations that this concept has implied, which allows us to recover everything non-human (organic and inorganic) as a co-constitutive element of social life. We place our reflections within the so-called posthumanism, a term that designates a set of "new" theoretical and practical approaches to the social and human sciences which are oriented-adapted to the so-called post-human condition: awareness of belonging to the world and its profound degradation resulting from human action. We understand that this reflection is enriched dialogically with both Amerindian thought and the anthropology of life. Both proposals assume a conscious development of the impossibility of a "we without a world" (a humanity devoid of a world or environment) and coincide in rejecting the ontological framework of Western capitalist and anthropocentric civilization, allowing us to understand the concept of being human, but not in terms of its exceptionalism (in the Western metaphysical tradition Homo sapiens or Dasein) but as it is assembled with everything that surrounds it, that is, in creative co-evolution and not separated from other species or beings with which it shares and composes the world.Nos proponemos rebasar el antropocentrismo moderno eurocentrado, asumiendo como punto de partida la necesidad imperativa de romper con las limitaciones epistemológicas y al mismo tiempo éticas que este concepto ha implicado, lo que permite recuperar todo lo no-humano (orgánico e inorgánico) como elemento co-constitutivo de la vida social. Inscribimos nuestras reflexiones dentro del denominado poshumanismo, término que designa un conjunto de “nuevas” aproximaciones teóricas y prácticas de las ciencias sociales y humanas que se orientan-adaptan a la denominada condición poshumana: conciencia de pertenecer al mundo y de su profunda degradación producto de la acción antrópica. Entendemos que dicha reflexión se enriquece dialógicamente tanto con el pensamiento amerindio, como con la antropología de la vida. Ambas propuestas suponen un devenir conscientes de la imposibilidad de un “nosotros sin mundo” (una humanidad desprovista de mundo o medioambiente) y coinciden en rechazar el marco ontológico propio de la civilización occidental capitalista y antropocentrada, permitiendo entender el concepto de ser humano, pero no en términos de su excepcionalismo (en la tradición metafísica occidental Homo sapiens o Dasein) sino tal como se halla ensamblado con todo lo que le rodea, es decir, en co-evolución creativa y no separado de otras especies o seres con los que comparte y compone mundo
Beef Quality of Braford Young Intact Males and Steers Grazing Pastures and Supplemented with Energy-Protein Sources During Growing and Fattening
Full text linkIn this study, the quality parameters of the carcass and meat of Braford young intact males (YIM) and steers (STR) aged 17 and 20 months were evaluated and compared under Rhodes grass grazing with supplementation systems. YIM and STR (n = 60) were assigned to the grazing period and finished concentration. The carcass quality parameters studied were conformation, fat content, tissue composition, carcass weight, dressing, longissimus thoracis area (LTA) and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT). Meat quality parameters such as pH, color, water holding capacity and texture were studied in the longissimus thoracis (LT) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles at two aging times, 3 and 15 days. YIM exhibited significantly higher body weight (BW), lower subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT), and larger longissimus thoracis area (LTA) postmortem compared to STR. Significant differences (p <0.05) were found between the two slaughter ages for LTA. Among texture parameters, only the elasticity of LT varied with the age of animals, and this parameter decreased as the age of animals increased (p <0.05). Results show that YIM generate a good quality product (carcasses and meat), which justifies the implementation of this new category for productive advantages, demonstrating superiority in the meat industry.
Highlights:
Relative to steers, Braford young intact males (YIM) finished on Rhodes‑grass with energy–protein supplementation showed higher final body weight, larger Longissimus thoracis area, higher carcass yield, and lower subcutaneous fat thickness.
YIM carcasses contained more lean tissue and less subcutaneous and intermuscular fat, yielding a higher muscle‑to‑fat ratio than steers.
Meat pH trajectory and water‑holding capacity did not differ by category; however, 20‑month animals produced redder meat (higher a*), and YIM showed lower yellowness (b*).
Texture profile analysis indicated LT elasticity decreased with slaughter age, and ageing the ST muscle from 3 to 15 days reduced hardness and gumminess.In this study, the quality parameters of the carcass and meat of Braford young intact males (YIM) and steers (STR) aged 17 and 20 months were evaluated and compared under Rhodes grass grazing with supplementation systems. YIM and STR (n = 60) were assigned to the grazing period and finished concentration. The carcass quality parameters studied were conformation, fat content, tissue composition, carcass weight, dressing, longissimus thoracis area (LTA) and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT). Meat quality parameters such as pH, color, water holding capacity and texture were studied in the longissimus thoracis (LT) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles at two aging times, 3 and 15 days. YIM exhibited significantly higher body weight (BW), lower subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT), and larger longissimus thoracis area (LTA) postmortem compared to STR. Significant differences (p <0.05) were found between the two slaughter ages for LTA. Among texture parameters, only the elasticity of LT varied with the age of animals, and this parameter decreased as the age of animals increased (p <0.05). Results show that YIM generate a good quality product (carcasses and meat), which justifies the implementation of this new category for productive advantages, demonstrating superiority in the meat industry.
Highlights:
Relative to steers, Braford young intact males (YIM) finished on Rhodes‑grass with energy–protein supplementation showed higher final body weight, larger Longissimus thoracis area, higher carcass yield, and lower subcutaneous fat thickness.
YIM carcasses contained more lean tissue and less subcutaneous and intermuscular fat, yielding a higher muscle‑to‑fat ratio than steers.
Meat pH trajectory and water‑holding capacity did not differ by category; however, 20‑month animals produced redder meat (higher a*), and YIM showed lower yellowness (b*).
Texture profile analysis indicated LT elasticity decreased with slaughter age, and ageing the ST muscle from 3 to 15 days reduced hardness and gumminess
Com voz de mulher e desde a periferia: Uma entrevista com Silvia Faget sobre o terrorismo de Estado em San Rafael (Mendoza)
Full text linkThe interview explores Silvia Faget's experience during the state terrorism in the department of San Rafael, in the south of Mendoza province. She and her husband, Santiago “Chiche” Illa, were members of the Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores – Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (PRT-ERP) in that town. Fifteen days before the coup d'état, repressive forces broke in their home in the early morning and kidnapped Illa. Faget's testimony offers a first-person story of her experience, told from a gendered perspective. She relates the experiences of a pregnant woman with a one-year-old child who embarks on a search for her disappeared husband in a small town, while her organization is dismantled. She describes her experience of childbirth and postpartum during the dictatorship, the depression, the panic, and the ongoing search. The interview reveals the traces of forced internal exile and the conditions under which those who were not forcibly disappeared by genocidal state policies survived, as well as the persistence of the search and the trajectories that brought together those who later formed Human Rights organizations.La entrevista recorre la experiencia de Silvia Faget durante el terrorismo de Estado en el departamento de San Rafael, al sur de la provincia de Mendoza. Ella y su esposo, Santiago “Chiche” Illa, eran militantes del Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores – Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (PRT-ERP) en dicha localidad. Quince días antes del golpe de Estado, las fuerzas represivas ingresaron en su domicilio por la madrugada y secuestraron a Illa. El testimonio de Faget invita a conocer una experiencia desde el género en primera persona. Repasa las vivencias de una mujer embarazada y con un hijo de un año que emprende la búsqueda de su compañero desaparecido en un pequeño pueblo, mientras su organización es desarticulada. Relata cómo fue para ella atravesar el parto y puerperio durante la dictadura, la depresión, el pánico y la búsqueda que persiste. En la entrevista se pueden observar los trazos de un insilio forzado y las condiciones en que sobrevivieron quienes no fueron desaparecidas por la política genocida, así como la insistencia en la búsqueda y los caminos que unieron a quienes formaron organismos de Derechos Humanos.A entrevista percorre a experiência de Silvia Faget durante o terrorismo de Estado no departamento de San Rafael, no sul da província (Estado) de Mendoza. Ela e seu marido, Santiago “Chiche” Illa, eram ativistas do Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores – Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (PRT-ERP) daquela cidade. Quinze dias antes do golpe de Estado, as forças repressivas invadiram a casa deles pela madrugada e sequestraram Illa. O depoimento de Faget convida a conhecer uma experiência contada em primeira pessoa, a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. Ela narra as experiências de uma mulher grávida com um filho de um ano que embarca em uma busca do seu parceiro desaparecido numa pequena cidade, enquanto a organização deles é desmantelada. Ela descreve sua experiência de parto e pós-parto durante a ditadura, a depressão, o pânico e a busca incessante. A entrevista revela as marcas do exílio interno forçado e as condições em que aqueles que não foram desaparecidos pela política genocida sobreviveram, bem como a insistência na busca e os caminhos que uniram aqueles que formaram organizações de Direitos Humanos