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Drape behaviour and shear properties of fabrics
Get PDFThe studies have been carried out using 15 fabric samples (linen, cotton, polyester-cotton blend, denim and corduroy) of varying areal density for investigating fabric shear properties at different angles. It is observed that there is a high correlation between the drape and the shear properties of the fabric at different shear angles.
Design of Optimized Koch Based Fractal Patch Antenna for Multiband Wireless Applications
Get PDFAn optimized Koch based fractal patch antenna with twin lower leafs has been designed for appropriate wireless communication applications and capable of exhibiting penta-band behavior. The proposed structure has been created by introducing modified Koch curve on a rhombus shaped fractal patch having compact dimensions of 60 mm×50 mm×1.6 mm with defected ground structure. The reflection coefficient (S11) values of the proposed antenna are -11.97 dB, -20.29 dB, - 25.38 dB, -13.91 dB and -23.48 dB at resonating frequencies of 2.8649 GHz, 6.3514 GHz, 7.1622 GHz, 8.2973 GHz, and 8.9459 GHz, respectively. It has values of VSWR at all resonating frequencies within acceptable range of 1 to 2. The prototype of the proposed structure has been designed on easily available and low cost FR4 epoxy substrate material. The bandwidths of 1.39 GHz, 3.30 GHz, 10.19 GHz, 1.93 GHz and 2.23 GHz has been obtained at all resonating frequencies. The measured results has been analyzed and compared with simulated results and bears a close approximation. The developed prototype can be utilized for applications in S, C, and X frequency band which can further be used for various communication applications like radar, satellite communication and wireless computer networks
DeeR-Gen: A Pseudo Random Number Generator for Industry 4.0 / IoT
Get PDFRandom binary bit sequences or random numbers are very useful in cryptographic applications. These sequences are used as a key in different encryption algorithms. Also, they can be used as random nonce in many mutual authentication protocols. Because these sequences are used at very basic level in cryptographic applications there generation should be fast, secure, and energy-efficient. Particularly in the case of Industry 4.0/IoT, a lightweight implementation is much needed along with high security and rapid production. The earlier generators of random numbers used the true source of randomness but the same is not feasible in current scalable Industry 4.0/IoT scenario. Many works have already been done to generate random numbers through PRNGs. Some examples are J3Gen, Warbler, LAMED, and ARROW. However, it is essential to bring a completely programmed, highly secured, energy efficient and a fast paced algorithm for random number generation. In this paper, a novel algorithm, named DeeR-Gen, which works with one multiplexer and two NLFSRs is presented. It requires only 245 GE on ASIC, lowest hardware requirement till date. Proposed methodology has also been tested for EPC test of randomness. The authors found the proposed algorithm secure and energy-efficient to be used in any lightweight cryptographic algorithm
Synthesis, electrical conductivity and NIR absorption of some metal dithiolene complexes: some recent developments
Get PDFSquare planar transition metal bis(dithiolene) complexes are of upsurge interest throughout the last few decades due to its varied interesting physical as well as physicochemical properties. Random studies on design and synthesis of semiconducting materials based on metal dithiolene complexes are going on. Moreover, shift at intense Near Infrared (NIR) region, high electrical conductivity, non-linear optical (NLO) activity, electrochemical behaviors etc. are some of its interesting activities. It is important to note that a minute tailoring in its ligand backbone (which results change in its electron delocalization) results in appreciable amount of variation in its physicochemical behavior. In this present endeavor, research works on synthesis, solid-state electrical conductivity and Near Infrared (NIR) absorption studies of square planar transition metal dithiolene complexes from near past to present days have been discussed with survey of recent work and its futuristic applications so far
Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) a traditional food medicine protects the kidney from the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats
Get PDFThe nutritional seeds from Macrotyloma uniflorum (MU) were studied for their unexplored beneficial effect in kidney diseases. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the MU seed for its nephroprotective efficacy against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in an animal model. The nephroprotective potential for the Macrotyloma uniflorum seed extract (MUSE) was evaluated in albino rats (250 and 500 mg/kg; p.o.) for 10 days. At the end of the study, the nephroprotective effect was assessed based on the levels of various biochemical parameters of serum, urine, and kidney tissue. The GC-MS analyses of extract confirmed the antioxidant phytochemical constituents responsible for the nephroprotective activity. The MUSE treatment at 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o. showed a significant reduction in the levels of blood urea nitrogen (p<0.05), serum creatinine (p<0.01), serum urea (p<0.001), restore the urine volume (p<0.01), and urine creatinine (p<0.01) as compared to the negative control (cisplatin-injected rats). Subsequently, the abnormal conditions of creatinine clearance (p<0.05) and serum albumin (p<0.05) were restored to normal. For respective doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o, the superoxide dismutase activity increased (p<0.05) to 82.91 and 98.8 U/g whilst the glutathione level significantly increased (p<0.01) to 36.24 and 46.17 µg/mg. Similarly, the catalase activity was significantly improved (p<0.001) to 485.9 and 573.5 µM/g with a significant reduction (p<0.001) in the level of the malondialdehyde to 84.56 and 68.56 nM/mg, respectively for low and high doses. The histopathology of kidney tissues confirmed the pronounced nephroprotection effect of MUSE against the cisplatin-induced injuries like tubular necrosis, hyaline cast, and vascular congestions. The major constituents found in GC-MS were inositol, ethyl alpha-d-glucopyranoside, n- hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic aci, 3-beta-stigmast-5-en-3-ol, Vitamin E, and stigmasterol. The results indicate the promising nephroprotective potential of Macrotyloma uniflorum seeds in nephrotoxicity induced rats, and the efficacy was comparable with vitamin E.
High potential biological stains from the traditional dyes of Manipur, India
Get PDFCytogenetics depends to a large extent on the biological stains and advancement of the microscopic devices. Most important and oldest biological stain is carmine, an animal extract. The application of natural dyes for staining of various biological tissues from an alternative source will decrease the expense for purchasing the synthetic dye and reduce their effects on human and environment. The plant derivative dyes were screened for biological staining in the present study. Two of the most popular traditional vegetative dyes in Manipur are extracted from Bixa orellana (local name Ureirom, UR) and Strobilanthes cusia (local name KUM, KU). The water extracts of two the plants were taken to study for the stainability of nuclear on root tip cells of Allium ascalonicum L. to test the feasibility of the dyes as the biological stains. The different stages of mitosis cell division in A. ascalonicum were stained with the dyes of KU and UR and compared with the standard stain acetocarmine. The UR stain is nonspecific as it stains whole cytoplasm as well as the nuclear parts. The KU stained the nuclear parts more precisely than UR and was as good as acetocarmine. The nuclear stainability of KU or UR is significant in the sense that these are natural products with no allergic response as that of carmine and it is time tested (particularly in Manipur). Hence, KU and UR are promising candidates for cytological/biological application in future that will be cost effective and environmental friendly. In future these two could be used as food colourant for human consumption.
An investigation of the anti-hypertensive effect of mad honey and Rhododendron luteum sweet extract induced by N- ω -Nitro L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) in rats
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the anti-hypertensive effect of mad honey and Rhododendron luteum sweet extracts containing grayanotoxin (GTX)-III in a rat model of hypertension induced by N-ω-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups - control (0.9% NaCl, 1 mL for 30 days, oral gavage [o.g.]), hypertensive (40 mg L-NAME /kg, bw for 30 days, intraperitoneal [i.p.]), standard (40 mg L-NAME /kg, bw for 30 days, i.p. + 20 mg Captopril/kg, bw for the last 15 days, o.g.), treatment I (40 mg L-NAME /kg, bw for 30 days, i.p. + mad honey, 12.5 mg GTX-III /kg, bw for the last 15 days, o.g.), and treatment II ( 40 mg L-NAME /kg, bw for 30 days, i.p.+ R. luteum blossom extract, 155.8 mg GTX-III /kg, bw for the last 15 days, o.g.). In addition to evaluating blood pressure using the tail-cuff method, some biochemical parameters were also measured in serum samples. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations were also analyzed in heart, liver and kidney tissues to measure tissue damage caused by hypertension. The chromatographic analyses revealed GTX-III levels in mad honey and R. luteum of 24.94±0.10 mg/kg and 155.80±0.10 mg/kg, respectively. Both extracts used for animal application had a significant anti-hypertensive effect compared to the control and captopril groups. The systolic and diastolic values of the mad honey and blossom extract groups were 157.97-164.16 and 119.92-120.47, respectively.
Fabricating FeCrCoZrLa High Entropy Alloy towards Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye
Get PDFFe20Cr20Co20Zr20La20 (at. %) high entropy alloy (HEA) using mechanical alloy (MA) was synthesized by an equiatomic ratio as a function of milling times (0h, 5h, 10h, 20h, 30h, and 50h). The HEA alloys were characterized with X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Differential thermal analysis (DTA). After 50 hours of grinding, the BCC crystalline phase was formed and the crystallite size and microstrain were calculated at 4.7 nm and 1.95 nm, respectively. TEM image of 50 hours of milled powders also confirms a nanocrystalline structure. Using solar energy, visible light photocatalysis is a promising method for removing environmental pollution. The photocatalytic effect of the synthesized nanostructured alloy on aqueous solutions containing methylene blue (MB) was investigated under xenon light. Photocatalytic degradation of the synthesized sample was evaluated by calculating the absorbance drops of the UV–Vis absorption spectra (methylene blue 664 nm).The degradation of the nanostructured alloy for MB was found as 89.76% after 120 min. This implies that the photocatalytic degradation rate is relatively high, and the obtained alloy has been used in practice for the degradation of methylene blue dye effectively
Intellectual Property Ownership Model in Academia: An Analysis
Get PDFUniversity ownership model of intellectual property rights (IPR) has been widely used by universities all around the world. With the new awareness on the importance of IPR universities are keener to obtain ownership on any IP created within the vicinity of the universty in order to ensure smooth technology transfer and commercialization of the IP. This paper analyses other model of IPR ownership in order to boost invention and innovation within Malaysian Research Universities. Through the right ownership model, universities hoped that revenue generated from the university IP could be used to fund new research at the universities. However, with all the excitement to commercialize the university IP, inventors sometimes are left with little benefit from their inventions which have dampened their motivation to continue with research and produce more new inventions. Thus from this analysis we suggest that Malaysia as an emerging economies and actively seeking to encourage university invention, commercialization and entrepreneureship should experiment with different model of intellectual property ownership