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Ethnomycological knowledge of tea tribe and indigenous communities of Upper Assam, India
Get PDFA massive survey was done from April to October 2015 in Jorhat and Tinsukia districts of upper Assam for collection and identification of wild edible and medicinal mushrooms used by the rural people and tea tribes. Older adults are experts in the identification of consumable mushrooms found in wild condition by using indigenous knowledge. Mushroom poisoning is common all over the world and the Upper Assam area is also not exceptional. A total of 41 wild edible mushroom species belonging to 24 genera, 17 families, 8 orders and 3 classes were identified. The rural people and tea tribes of the study site mostly consume 12 species out of the 41 species of identified wild edible mushrooms. The tea tribe and other indigenous people living in interior villages are economically very weak and consume the wild edible mushrooms as a substitute of meat, due to taste and easy availability in the spring and summer season. Moreover, 8 wild mushroom species having importance as traditional medicine were identified
Investigation of Optical Properties of Nanostructured Ce0.80-x-yNdxTbyO2 Compound
Get PDFIn this study, the sol-gel method synthesized nano-structured Ce0.80-x-yNdxTbyO2 compounds that can be used in optoelectronic devices. In the characterization studies of the synthesized compounds, XRD, FE-SEM-EDX, TG-DTA, Raman, and photoluminescence spectrophotometer were used. The thermal analysis determined that the degrading species were removed at 600 oC and cubic crystalline compounds were obtained according to the XRD data. EDX data confirmed the presence of host and activator elements in the compound. It was determined that oxygen vacancy formation was more intense in the 5% Nd-15%Tb doped compound. According to these results, 5% Nd phosphorus-doped Ce0.80-x-yNdxTbyO2 was reported to be a good candidate for optoelectronic applications where both red and green photoluminescence are required in the same crystal
Functionalization of fullerene with 4-benzo-9-crown-3 ether
Get PDFFunctionalization of fullerene via covalent addition of substituted 4-benzo-9-crown-3 ether diazonium salt has been described. This procedure is used for the preparation of new derivative fullerenes which is described as a phase transfer catalyst. The covalent grafting has led to a considerable increment in the solubility of fullerene in organic solvents such as, CH2Cl2, acetone and ethanol. The covalent grafting of crown ether (4-(benzo-9-crown-3)) to fullerene (Fullerene-CE) has been identified and confirmed by IR, H-NMR, 7Li-NMR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. Fullerene-CE in solvents has been used as a phase transfer catalyst for organic reactions. The Fullerene-CE is capable to become the Li+ host
An Assessment of Water Quality of Nainital Springs, Uttarakhand, India
Get PDFPolluted water is wreaking havoc on humans and all other things on the planet. In the mountainous region, spring water is the primary supply of water for survival. The construction of road, settlement and other human activity are continuously increasing in upper catchment area in North West Himalayan region. It’s a real important issue nowadays which are responsible for contamination and extinction of springs. This research aimed to determine the physico-chemical quality of Nainital surrounding springs water. Total eight sampling sites and nine water quality parameters were selected for analysis. As per findings the mean value of the pH was (6.94), Dissolved Oxygen (2.89 mg/l), Biological Oxygen Demand (0.83 mg/l), Total Dissolved Solid (11.29), Nitrate (0.54 mg/l), Calcium (105.97 mg/l), Manganese (0.07 mg/l), Zinc (0.02 mg/l) and Total Coliform (0.75, /100 ml of water). The spatial distribution map of all spring’s water parameters was composed in ArcMap 10.2 using interpolation, kriging method. The current finding is following the BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard) and WHO (World Health Organization) acceptable and permissible limit. The total coliform concentration was showing contamination at site 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6. So, there is the need to manage, protect and minimize the human interference nearby these natural springs surrounding area to reduce the contamination and degradation of this precious resources by government involvement and local community awareness
Bioprospecting of pods of Moringa oleifera Lam. as novel antibacterial agent
Get PDFIn the treatment of bacterial diseases, increasing resistance to traditional chemotherapeutics has drawn the necessity for substitute remedies. In this context, here, we evaluated the bactericidal activity of pods of Moringa oleifera Lam., an ethno medicinal plant, against eight pathogenic bacterial strains, both Gram positive (Bacillus licheniformis, B. mycoides, B. subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens and P. putida). Different organic solvent extracts, like ethyl acetate, acetone and alcohol, of pods of M. oleifera were examined for bactericidal activity against test microorganisms. Minimum inhibitory concentration, chromatographic analyses along with infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was carried out for chemical characterization of active ingredient responsible for antibacterial activity. Both the Gram positive and Gram negative organisms showed variable sensitivity to different solvent extracts of M. oleifera pods. Ethyl acetate extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity with MIC value ranging from 1.30 to 4.10 mg/mL. IR analysis provided preliminary information about the amines, amides, aromatics and sulphur containing compounds of the active ingredient. GC-MS and NMR analyses indicated the presence of principal bioactive antibacterial compound 2-(benzoylsulfanyl)-1,3- thiazol,4-yl, benzoate with molecular formula C17H11NO3S2 from ethyl acetate extract of M. oleifera pods. The study concludes that the compound 2-(benzoylsulfanyl)-1,3-thiazol,4-yl, benzoate from ethyl acetate extract of pods of M. oleifera possess the antibacterial activity against the tested strains
QODA – Methodology and Legislative Background for Assessment of Open Government Datasets Quality
Get PDFIn last few years, many open government data portals have been emerging in the world. These portals publish open government datasets which can be accessed and used by everyone for their own needs. In this paper, we propose methodology named QODA (Quality of Open government DAtasets) for assessment of quality of published datasets via two aspects. First one is assessment of quality of pure open government datasets, and second is assessment of quality features on the platforms which contributes to the publication of quality datasets. It provides a step-by-step dataset analysis guidance and summarization of results. Research presented in this paper shows that open government dataset quality depends on data provider as well as proper definition of metadata behind datasets. Our findings result in recommendations to open government data (OGD) publishers, to constantly supervise the use of published datasets, with aim to have timely and punctual information on OGD portals, with special attention on quality features
An Integrated Secure Scalable Blockchain Framework for IoT Communications
Get PDFThe Internet of Things (IoT) has shown great promise in the years since its invention and widespread acceptance by demonstrating its ability to adapt and improve manual processes while bringing them into the digital age. IoT's capacity to do so has elevated it to the ranks of the most promising technologies of our time. Despite the fact that IPv4 and IPv6 are being utilized to serve a growing number of devices in IoT connectivity, there are still issues with address space allocation and other security concerns, including scalability and poor access control methods. It is necessary to go through these difficulties and worries. Both of these organizations have spent a considerable amount of time in the vanguard of advancement in the study of IoT and Blockchain technology. Since IoT devices are capable of efficient two-way communication, integrating Blockchain technology is challenging. However, scalability is the biggest obstacle. The IoT Blockchain Framework discussed in the research article has the potential to be a game-changing solution to the issues that IoTs currently face, provided that it is used properly. Data access control and data interchange, transparency, and scalability without compromising privacy or dependability are all issues with the IoT paradigm that Blockchain technology may be able to efficiently address. Creating a local index that is scalable and does not interfere with either the local or global peer validation procedures is one way to limit the number of transactions that contact the global Blockchain. According to the findings, the blocks are significantly lighter and smaller than those seen in other parts of the world
Fe3O4 supported acidic ionic liquid: An efficient and recyclable magnetic nanoparticles catalyst for one-pot synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes
Get PDFBis(indolyl)methane derivatives are efficiently synthesized from indole/2-methyl indole and aldehydes using acidic ionic liquid immobilized on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Catalyst used in this methodology is synthesized and characterized using various techniques like FT-IR, TGA, TEM, EDX, Powdered XRD and VSM. The catalyst can be easily retrieved by an external magnet and has been reused up to five runs without any appreciable loss of its catalytic activity
Investigation of 2-oxopyrrolidine 5-carboxylic acid amides derivatives as potential anti-tubercular agents based on the similarity screening results from molecular fingerprints and swiss similarity
Get PDFMany open source in silico tools are available for drug discovery, this paper attempts to correlate the results obtained from two such tools with results obtained from in vitro screening. Discovery of novel Anti-TB agents became a necessity due to the ever increasing problem of drug resistance. As heterocyclic compounds are known to possess potent biological activity, here an attempt has been made to synthesize pyrazolidine derivatives from pyroglutamic acid. Further the synthesized derivatives are analyzed by IR, NMR and Mass spectral studies and screened for anti-tubercular and antimicrobial activity
Process parameters study of sanitary landfill leachate treatment using photo-Fenton-like systems
Get PDFIn this study, the effects of the combination of classical Fenton (CFP) and modified Fenton (MFP) processes with UV light on the treatment of sanitary landfill leachate have been investigated. Iron (Fe2+ and Fe0) dosage, hydrogen peroxide dosage, reaction time, pH and different UV lamps have been optimized to achieve high COD removal. In addition, zeroth, first and second order kinetic models are applied for all processes under optimum conditions. For CFP and MFP; optimum pH 3, reaction time 30 min, 4 g/kg TS Fe2+ and Fe0 and 5 g/kg TS H2O2 have been determined. The COD removal efficiency is determined as 48.86% for CFP and 59.27% for MFP under optimum conditions. COD removal efficiencies increased in photo Fenton application under UV light. The efficiency is found to increase under UVA light source from 48.86% to 49.17% and from 59.27% to 70.72% in in CFP and MFP, respectively. In the kinetic study, the highest R2 values are obtained in the CFP/UV process, while CFP and MFP are found to fit the 0th order kinetic model. In this study, it has been concluded that Fenton and photo Fenton applications are effective in reducing the COD values of landfill leachate