Open Science Journal (OSJ)
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Outcomes of the Ponseti method for the treatment of children diagnosed with congenital clubfoot in population under five years at Fundación Ruth Paz in San Pedro Sula, Honduras
No full textBackground: Congenital clubfoot is a common deformity characterized by an abnormal development of the foot. The etiology is multifactorial and genetic causes have been related. The Ponseti method is a conservative treatment for the clubfoot, mostly used in idiopathic cases. This method involves serial plaster cast changes, tenotomy of the Achilles tendon and use of braces to prevent relapses. This study was designed to identify the characteristics of the patients diagnosed with congenital clubfoot who were treated with the Ponseti method and the main outcomes of this treatment in children under five years.Method: A retrospective study was conducted in Fundación Ruth Paz in San Pedro Sula, Honduras, since June 1st 2015 to May 31th 2017. This study included patients under five years who were diagnosed with congenital clubfoot and treated with Ponseti method. The data were collected from the clinical files of the identified cases.Results: Congenital clubfoot was more common among males (66.3%) and the localization of the deformity was more commonly bilateral (51.8%). The cases of idiopathic clubfoot represent 91.6% of all the cases. The tenotomy of the Achilles tendon was performed in 51.8% of the patients. Complete treatment was identified in 90.4% of the cases and relapses were reported in 12% of the children who completed treatment.Conclusions: Ponseti method was effective for treat children under five years diagnosed with clubfoot (idiopathic and non-idiopathic) and a significant decrease of the Pirani scoring after treatment was identified in all the cases. A correct use of braces is necessary to avoid relapses
The Epistemic Value of Open Science
Get PDFOpen science refers to all scientific culture that is described by its openness. It may often include features of open access, open data, and open source. Fecher and Friesike (2014) identify five open science schools of thought: the public school, which is about the accessibility of knowledge creation; the democratic school, which is about equality of access to knowledge; the pragmatic school, which is about collaborative research; the infrastructure school, which is about the technological architecture; and the measurement school, which is about alternative impact measurement. This article argues that there are only two open science schools, the public and democratic iterations, that can defend themselves against the serious epistemic objections to open science. In addition, if society supports an “open discussion” policy, societies will gain much more benefit from open science. These two schools, therefore, have more epistemic value than the other schools
The Level of Stress among College Students: A Case in the College of Education, Eritrea Institute of Technology
Get PDFThe transition of students from high school level to the college level is inherently stressful for students. It could cause psychological, academic and social shock to them. From this perspective, this research was aimed to investigate the level of stress among the College of Education (CoE) students in Eritrea Institute of Technology. Descriptive research was undertaken to assess the students’ level of stress. A randomly drawn participants (N = 123) completed a self-developed questionnaire assessing their levels of stress on five domains (physiological, social, psychological, academic, and environmental). The results revealed that there was a moderate level of stress among the students. Out of the five domains, academic and environmental stressors were found contributing most to the students’ level of stress. Besides, the students’ levels of stress were found to have no statistically significant associations with their gender and grade point average. The study may theoretically contribute to the body of scientific knowledge on mental health studies. Practically, the study may also guide college communities to take concrete steps towards the improvement of the learning environment and subsequently mitigating the adverse impact of stress on students’ wellbeing and learning outcomes
A Case Report on Hypocalcemic Seizures Secondary to Maternal and Infant Vitamin D Deficiency
Get PDFMaternal vitamin D insufficiency is not uncommon. Usual causes of maternal deficiency in vitamin D and or calcium are due to cultural modifications in their diets or clothing habits. Infant born to mothers who are on breastfeeding are also at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcemia and seizure. We present a case of an infant with hypocalcemic seizures secondary to vitamin D deficiency.Hypocalcemic seizure may occur in term or preterm neonates due to maternal vitamin D insufficiency. It is not common to present with hypocalcemic seizures at 4 to 5 months age in an otherwise healthy child with uneventful neonatal period
Speech synthesis using neural network
Get PDFIn this paper, we develop a speech learning machine by using Neural-Network. The work is based on a previous work of Neural Network, named Net Talk and compare Net Talk model with Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The work presents simulated result for the simulated neural network to mimic the pronunciation of English vocabulary especially the vowel sounds and the silent pronounced letters
Perception and Causality of Academic Performance and Professional Exercise of Graduates in Accounting and Auditing
Get PDFUniversities play an important role in society. Through them professionalization is achieved in different areas that, in one way or another, contribute to the development of a nation. The professional life of a graduate depends in part on the effectiveness, efficacy and efficiency of the university processes and the performance presented during their student life. This study analyzes the variables that characterize student academic performance as they contribute to an adequate professional practice of a graduate in Accounting and Auditing. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis, graduates in the Accounting and Auditing major from 2007 to 2017 from the Politécnica Salesiana University, an Ecuadorian university, are analyzed. Variables such as: autonomy, marital status, province of origin, family environment, salary, experience and work area, among others are studied. The information collected was obtained through the application of telephone surveys and data extracted from the university computer system; subsequently, this information is evaluated through contingency tables or crosstabs and the case-control study method. Among the main results, it is observed that most graduates do work in their profession, but with a modest remuneration, except for those who work in the banking sector. It is also observed that the quality of the professional practice of a graduate has a direct relationship with their student academic performance and that this academic performance has a relationship with the economic conditions, time availability, study days and marital status that they maintained during their student life. Most graduates do work in the area related to their profession
Entrance Skin Dose (Radiation) Measurement and Evaluation (for all age groups) at the State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa, Nigeria
Get PDFThis study was carried out on entrance skin dose (ESD) (Radiation) measurement and evaluation (for all age groups) at the State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria. Entrance skin doses for randomly selected patients between 0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-17 years and above 18 years old undergoing X-ray chest (Poster Anterior) examinations were measured and evaluation of the source-to-skin distance (SSD) records for the patients during the x-ray chest examinations were carried out. The mean ESD reported for chest PA projections were 66.43 µGy, 105.10 µGy, 215.76 µGy and 291.81 µGy respectively for age range 0 - 4 years, 5 - 9 years, 10 - 17 years and above 18 years. The ESD values reported in this present study were same with the NRPB recommendations of year 2000 of 50 µGy for newborn to 1-year-old, 70 µGy for 5 years and 120 µGy for 10 years old children. The values reported for age 1 to 4 years were lower than 0.1 mGy recommended and the mean ESD for age 5 to 9 years for chest PA examination was 0.11 mGy which is lower than the recommended 0.12 mGy. However, other values reported in this present study were compared with the guidance levels set by the International regulation bodies and were found to be within safe limits and they do not pose any significant health risk to the patients of all age ranges or the health workers. The effective radiation doses (ERDs) for all the age groups were computed, and by comparisons, it was found that the radiation risk factors (RRFs) are relatively low
A unique case of idiosyncratic drug induced psoriasis
No full textThis case report intends to portray a lesser known dermatological adverse reaction to the sulphonylurea drug gliclazide, which is in fact poorly identified in the literature. Psoriasis secondary to gliclazide has been confirmed by skin biopsy in a patient who never reported a history of similar psoriasiform rashes, with onset two days following introduction of the drug, whilst it subsided rather quickly following withdrawal of the drug. This constitutes sufficient evidence in itself to confirm this diagnosis in a patient who was never exposed to the drug previously and does not require a re-challenge with gliclazide. Histology of drug induced psoriasis is identical to the idiopathic psoriasis vulgaris form, with the presence of scarce eosinophils in the dermis, apart from the usual neutrophils and predominantly lymphocytic infiltrates, however the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood typically fails to become elevated, as was the case in our patient. Despite being a de novo event, there are predisposing factors which may lower the threshold for emergence of psoriasis in an individual, primarily a genetic predisposition (or positive family history) but also stress, infection (particularly with β-haemolytic streptococci), immune modulating diseases such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and other drugs that are more notoriously ‘psoriasiform inducing’ (such as β-blockers, lithium, anti-malarial agents, tetracyclines and tumour necrosis factor inhibitors), whilst there is also a loose association with exfoliative dermatitis
Foundations of the Electromagnetic Theory
No full textIn this paper equations in R3 which are illustrations of “linear” ellipses, i.e. ellipses which tend to become segments of a geodesic of R2, because their eccentricities tend to unit () will be found. During a linearization process of ellipses, varying vectors will be mapped, from which ellipses and their relations in R2 , to varying vector fields and their relations in R3 are defined. These vector fields and their relations in R3 are called “holographic”. At the limit , the holographic relationships are formalistically similar to Maxwell's equations. This is a theoretical derivation of Maxwell’s equations and not a systematic classification of experimental data as Maxwell did
Awareness of Dental Team towards HIV Positive Patients in Sudan
Get PDFBackground: The deficit of awareness about the mode of transmission and the use of safety equipment may explain the stigma HIV positive patients faced in health care services worldwide, in particular in Sudan. The paper intends to examine the knowledge and the use of standard precaution measures by oral health professionals.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Ribat University Teaching Hospital, Sudan. A, convenient sample of 105 oral health professionals was interviewed. A self-administrated questionnaire developed in English and translated in Arabic by the author was handled to the participants. The research instrument comprised sociodemographic information, HIV knowledge, awareness towards the mode of transmission and the use of safety equipment and measures. Data were entered in Epi InfoTM 7.1.5.0 and analyzed with SPSS 21 for MS Windows (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). A reliability analysis of the scale of measurement based on Cronbach’s alpha method was performed to assess the quality of the answers of the participants.Results: Of the 97 participants, 50.5% had poor knowledge of HIV oral signs. Concerning the use of safety equipment (n=105), only 29.5% were “Fully aware”. Of the 105 participants, ways of prevention of transmission were reported to be known by 94.3%. The study revealed that 59.6% of the participants (n=105) were “Fully aware” and 40.4% were “Not aware” about the appropriate measures to be taken.Conclusions: The results of the study suggested that oral health professionals lack knowledge about HIV signs and use of safety standards, these weakened their awareness. These findings had implications for continuing education for all oral health professions to incorporate evidence-based on HIV transmission and prevention