Kobe College Institutional Repository / 神戸女学院大学機関リポジトリ
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Women’s Studies Institute Awards:The 21st Annual Student Essay Contest Competition Results
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NAGAI Ikuko and MIYAGI Michio : Reality and Significance of Their Joint Performances
本稿はソプラノ歌手永井郁子(1893~1983)と箏曲家宮城道雄(1894~1956)が1926年以降に行った共演の実態と意義を解明する。新聞・雑誌の記事と演奏会プログラムの調査から次の4点が明らかになった。
1)最初期の共演3回(1926年10月31日、11月7日、1927年2月27日)は異例とも言うべき大きな反響を呼んだ。
2)永井の邦語歌唱運動(1925~1941)において、邦楽奏者と共演した実績を洗い出したところ、 最初の半年余りは専ら宮城と吉田晴風と組んだが、その後、地方都市では各地の邦楽奏者と共演し、 宮城の共演は東京に限られた。
3)邦楽奏者との共演は32道府県に及び、植民地の樺太・朝鮮・満州・台湾と上海でも行われた。 会場によっては千数百名の聴衆が詰めかけて、永井が歌う宮城歌曲に聞き入り、事前に蓄音器商組合が永井のレコードコンサートを行うなど、レコード産業やラジオ放送の力も相まって、宮城歌曲の演奏と聴取を全国に広めていった。
4)永井にとって宮城との共演は、伴奏者の技量と音楽性によって演奏の質と聴衆の反応が大きく変わることを実感させた点で意義深く、互いに大きな財産となった。This paper tries to describe the reality and significance of the joint performances of the soprano singer NAGAI Ikuko (1893-1983) and the koto musician MIYAGI Michio (1894-1956) since 1926. The following points have been made clear through my examination of the related materials including newspaper articles, both nationwide and local, music magazines, and concert programs.
First, their first three performances (October 31, 1926, November 7, 1926, and February 27, 1927) had enormous responses.
Second, while Nagai in more than the first half year sang exclusively with Miyagi and the Shakuhachi player YOSHIDA Seifu among traditional Japanese musicians, she later tended to collaborate with local players in the concerts outside Tokyo, and with Miyagi in Tokyo only.
Third, her collaboration with traditional Japanese musicians took place not only in at least 32 prefectures in the Japanese mainland, but also in Colonial Sakhalin, Korea, Manchuria and Taiwan, and even in Shanghai. In some concerts, a crowd of over a thousand people listened to Miyagi’s songs sung by Nagai, and Gramophone trade unions held preliminary record concerts highlighting Nagai. Supported by the record industry and radio broadcasting, playing of and listening to Miyagi’s songs sung by Nagai spread throughout the country.
Fourth, the partnership with Miyagi was significant for Nagai in realizing that the quality of the performance and the audience’s reaction greatly depended on the skills and abilities of the accompanists. Nagai and Miyagi gained great benefits from each other.departmental bulletin pape
Theoretical Consideration on Volume Increase of Aqueous Solutions owing to Neutralization Reactions in Japanese High School “Basic Chemistry,” Part 1 ― Derivation of Estimating Method and Its Application to Mixing Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Aqueous Solution on Equimolar and Equivolume Condition ―
高等学校「化学基礎」では、酸と塩基の中和反応が指導される。一般に、酸と塩基が反応すれば、塩と水が生成する。それゆえ、もし酸水溶液と塩基水溶液を混合すれば、水の生成により水溶液の体積が増加するはずである。本研究では、中和反応の最も単純な例のひとつとして、1価の酸・塩基水溶液を混合した場合に生じる水溶液の体積増加を推算する方法を理論的に誘導した。続いて、この方法を常温、20℃において中和反応が過不足なく起こる等モル濃度で等体積の塩酸と水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の混合に適用し、体積増加の値を推算した。塩酸と水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の濃度は0から11.5 mol·L-1まで変化させ、体積は 4.00 mL とした。体積増加の計算値は常に正であり、これは水の生成を意味している。以上のように、この方法を用いれば等モル濃度で等体積の1価の酸・塩基水溶液を混合した際の体積増加を容易に算出でき、高等学校「化学基礎」の教材としても有用である。Acid-base neutralization reaction is introduced in Japanese high school basic chemistry. In general, when acid reacts with base, salt and water are produced. Hence, it is suggested that volumes of aqueous solutions increase because of formation of water when mixing aqueous acid and base solutions. In this study, the method of estimating the increasing volume by mixing aqueous monovalent acid and base aqueous solutions, which is one of the simplest examples of neutralization reactions, is first theoretically derived. Next, this method is applied to mixing equimolar and equivolume hydrochloric acids and sodium hydroxide aqueous solutions, in which neutralization reactions occur completely, and increasing volumes are estimated at atmospheric pressure and 20 °C. The molar concentrations of both hydrochloric acids and sodium hydroxide aqueous solutions vary from 0-11.5 mol·L
-1 and their volumes set 4.00 mL. The estimated increasing volumes are constantly positive, and
these results mean the formation of water. In this way, it is easy to calculate the increasing volumes by mixing aqueous monovalent acid and base aqueous solutions using this method, and therefore it is a useful and informative teaching material in high school basic chemistry.departmental bulletin pape
Performance History of Messiah in Kobe College
神戸女学院における G. F. ヘンデルのオラトリオ《メサイア》の演奏史を、可能な限り遡って明らかにすることが本稿の目的である。学内(音楽学部、図書館、史料室)に残る演奏会資料を中心に、新聞や関連資料を調査して、《メサイア》演奏の流れを概観し、本学の《メサイア》演奏史を戦前・戦後に分けて、大きく時代区分して示した。
本学では、明治期(1908、1911)および大正期(1925)から《メサイア》の幾つかの楽曲が散発的に演奏されてきた。戦後は他団体(最初は進駐軍、その後は主に関西学院)との「合同演奏の時代」となり、1949年12月22日に初めて全曲演奏の舞台に乗った。この「合同演奏の時代」は大きく「(1)大澤壽人先生時代」(1945〜1954)と「(2)ラーソン先生時代」(1955〜1959)とに区分できる。1964年からは「学部主催の時代」となって、⚔年に一度の演奏を原則として現在に至っている。
この内、1945年からの約10年について学内の資料が揃っておらず、特に1951年に《メサイア》を指揮したマーガレット・ダウに関する資料が欠けていると判明したことで、今後の課題も明らかとなった。This paper aims to trace the performance history of G. F. Handel’s oratorio Messiah at Kobe College as far back as possible. Based on the investigations of the records concerning the concerts kept in the campus (the Faculty of Music, the Library, the Historical Materials Room), and of related materials including newspapers, books and articles, it gives an overview of the history of Messiah performances given by and at the College in four chapters according to the periods: one prewar and three postwar.
Some vocal numbers of this work were sporadically performed at Kobe College as early as in the Meiji era (1908, 1911) and the Taisho era (1925). World War II was followed by the period of joint performances with other institutions (first with occupation soldiers, then mainly with Kwansei Gakuin University). In December 1949, Kobe College’s Music Department joined the full-length performance of this oratorio for the first time.This period can be divided into (1) OSAWA Hisato’s era (1945-1954), and (2) David Larson’s era (1955-1959) according to the main conductors’ names. In 1964, the current period of the Music Department’s sponsorship arrived, in which Messiah is performed on a quadrennial basis.
My investigations have revealed that the materials in the campus are insufficient for about 10 years from 1945, especially concerning the music teacher Margaret Dow, who conducted Miessiah in 1951. Further investigations of the documents outside the campus are still to be made.departmental bulletin pape
Applying Psychoanalytic Perspectives to Difficult Cases in a Variety of Clinical Care Situations
現代において、虐待や災害、貧困や差別体験など、トラウマを抱えて生きる人々との困難な臨床場面が増えている。多種多様な領域の臨床家が、専門家としての技術と誠意ある対応だけでは手に負えないことを実感し、さらなる手応えのある支援法を渇望している。このような視点から俯瞰した時、筆者は、精神分析に馴染みの薄い臨床家や初心者に、改めて提示できる精神分析理論と技法があると考えた。
本稿では、初めに、精神分析に関する誤解とそれらに対する説明を試みる。次に、医療における医療者-患者関係において、パターナリズムから協働意思決定(SDM)へと変革があったように、治療関係は、一方向の権威的なものから相互交流へと大きく変化したが、SDM はある種の理想であり、現場の実情にそぐわないところもある。そこで、無意識を想定した精神分析理論や技法を用いて、多様な臨床ケア場面に応用可能な精神分析独自の視点や姿勢について論じた。さらに、事例を用いて、多様な臨床ケア場面の困難事例における Co-production プロセスという視点から、精神分析の知見、特にコンテイニングをどのように適用するかについて論じた。Modern times have seen increasing numbers of difficult clinical situations involving people living with trauma, such as abuse, disasters, poverty, and discrimination experiences. Clinicians in a wide variety of fields have realized that professional skills and sincere attitudes are not effective, and they are eager for more effective support methods. From this perspective, the author considers psychoanalytic theories and techniques that can be
presented to clinicians and beginners who are unfamiliar with psychoanalysis. Accordingly, this article first attempts to resolve certain misunderstandings of psychoanalysis. Second, the therapeutic relationship has changed significantly from one-way authoritative to mutual interaction, just as there has been a shift from paternalism to ‘shared decision making’ (SDM) in the relationship between medical staff and patients in health care. SDM is an ideal that does not fit actual clinical situations. Therefore, the author discusses the unique perspectives and attitudes of psychoanalysis that can be applied to various clinical care situations, using psychoanalytic theory and techniques that assume the unconscious. Furthermore, using clinical cases, the author discusses the application of the findings of psychoanalysis, especially ‘containing’, from the viewpoint of the ‘Co-production’ process in difficult cases in various clinical care situations.departmental bulletin pape