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Moving Toward a Multifaceted School Safety Framework in K-12 Schools
No full textResearch Questions:
1. How do federal and state policies on school safety shape the structure and priorities of a multifaceted school safety framework (SSF)?
2. How does school safety research currently define and prioritize school safety?
3. What additional perspectives do school stakeholders provide that contribute to shaping a multifaceted SSF?Texas School Safety Cente
Similar Things: A Collection of Zines
No full textZines are a tool historically for spreading information and sharing your interests with others. Zines are often called “little magazines”. They are made by creatives for a ton of different reasons: personal, informational, promotional, expressive and even just silly. They are not limited to art and sometimes include poetry/writing, comics, interviews, and political messages. They usually are made in a “do it yourself” style and self published. With this project I explored me and my sibling’s own passions coming together with zines. My sibling is a nonfiction writer and I’m an artist. For a while we have wanted to explore our work and how we work together. We grew up very close and when we both ended up in creative fields. This project is the first of hopefully many together. Through this process we discovered that we both work really well together. Our work and how we work. For these zines we took inspiration from my doodles and didn’t change my sibling’s writing style. His more serious writing with my whimsical illustrations were a great fit together. It makes more serious topics more approachable. While this project may not have any significance to anyone but us this was a great first collaboration with my sibling.Art and Desig
Effects of Pitch Complexity on Working Memory
No full textWorking memory (WM) allows for the temporary storage and manipulation of information. It plays a pivotal role in complex cognition, yet its limited capacity makes it highly sensitive to the structure and complexity of incoming information. Music offers a nuanced method of analyzing how information structure impacts WM processing. Music facilitates cognitive load management through temporal cues and information structuring. Its organized yet complex nature may help structure the encoding of information in WM, not by being memorized itself, but by supporting recall of associated verbal or numeric content. These impacts are grounded in principles of cognitive load theory, dual-process theory, and theories of neural oscillation entrainment. While prior studies suggest that temporally regular rhythms benefit WM processing, research largely ignores how the melodic component of music influences these processes. This study investigates how the pitch complexity of temporally regular, rhythmic patterns affects working memory for digits paired with those musical sequences, to provide a complete picture of the relationship between music and WM. Results indicated that low and medium-complexity melodies lead to improved WM performance compared to highly complex or monotone melodies. Further, baseline WM abilities and participants’ confidence modulated effects. These insights contribute to developing targeted musical interventions for WM and creating stimuli to study the phenomenon.Psycholog
Validating Two Long Bone Stature Estimation Methodologies: Comparing KS: Stature and FORDISC 3.1
No full textIn forensic anthropology, stature estimation is essential for identifying unknown skeletal remains. Programs such as FORDISC 3.1 rely on adult data for references, resulting in often inaccurate stature estimations for subadult populations due to developmental differences. KS: Stature was developed as a tool to address this limitation. It takes into account different age-specific growth patterns with the goal of increasing accuracy in subadult stature assessments. This study evaluated the effectiveness of KS: Stature compared to FORDISC 3.1 in their subadult stature estimation. The methodology involved acquiring computed tomography (CT) scans of subadult individuals from the New Mexico Decedent Image Database (NMDID) and skeletal remains from the Texas State University (TXST) collection, targeting a total of ten samples of individuals between the age of 16-25. Using 3D Slicer software, 3D models of long bones were created and measured. The long bones (humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, and fibula) of both the 3D models and TXST skeletal remains were measured following the guidelines in the Data Collection and Procedures for Skeletal Material 2.0 manual. These measurements were then input into both FORDISC 3.1 and KS: Stature to obtain stature estimations, which were subsequently compared to assess accuracy. Statistical results showed that although KS: Stature is slightly less accurate than FORDISC 3.1, it was more precise, as measured by the root mean square error (RMSE). This underscores the need for tools that consider the unique developmental characteristics of younger populations. Implementing more accurate subadult stature estimation methods can greatly improve the precision of biological profiles, thereby enhancing the identification process of unknown juvenile remains.Anthropolog
Moving Toward a Multifaceted and Equitable School Safety Framework for K-12 Schools
No full textObjectives
Defining school safety in the United States (U.S.) is challenging because of diverse campus safety concerns, ranging from external attacks to internal bullying to natural disasters. Current definitions are plentiful and arise from multiple sources, including research and legislation. Legislative actions sometimes complicate definitions. For example, although federal legislation on school safety exists, there is often limited oversight at the federal level, and states are given significant autonomy in operationalizing the federal guidelines. Similarly, state mandates are sometimes vague and leave room for local school district interpretation. Furthermore, some legislation provides funding for certain safety aspects, with latitude given to recipients to operationalize as they see fit.
Complicating the issue further are local policies within school districts and on individual campuses. Robust safety planning includes the voices of diverse stakeholders, including students, teachers, administrators, caregivers, and criminal justice authorities (Nickerson et al., 2021). Hearing these voices may reveal that some stakeholders feel threatened while others do not. In practice, these perspectives have led to variation in safety definitions and points of emphasis across U.S. schools. The purpose of this poster session is to provide a preliminary school safety definition framework based on current literature and legislative actions that highlight areas of overlap, point out areas of difference, and create space for interactions with AERA conference attendees to further inform and refine the framework for ultimate use as a customizable tool for education leaders, practitioners, and stakeholders across the U.S. and in other countries.Texas School Safety Cente
Loneliness, Online Social Engagement, and Sense of Community in College Students: An Exploratory Study
No full textThis study explores how different forms of online engagement relate to loneliness and sense of community among college students. Using a sample of 160 students at Texas State University, the research examines the frequency, quality, connection, and synchronicity of online interactions across platforms like social media, live streaming, online classes, discussion forums, and online gaming. Despite popular assumptions that online engagement can reduce loneliness, findings show no significant relationships between online interaction characteristics and feelings of loneliness or community. Instead, perceived social support and academic year were the strongest predictors of social well-being, with higher support linked to lower loneliness and greater community, and upper-year students reporting a lower sense of community than all other students. These results suggest that fostering strong support systems may be more impactful than increasing online engagement. The study highlights the importance of meaningful connection— online or offline—in promoting mental health and belonging on campus.Sociolog
Adversarial attacks and data-driven dynamic outlier detection systems
No full textTraditional outlier detection methods are vulnerable in dynamic environments due to the presence of changing data, patterns and adversarial influences. The intersection of dynamic data driven applications systems and adversarial decision making presents an opportunity for comprehending adversarial attacks and increasing the reliability of the outlier detection. This manuscript proposes a decision-theoretic method for clustering based outlier detection. First, we explore the adversary’s decision problem of data poisoning considering various attack alternatives. Then we present the underlying ideas that could empower defenders to proactively mitigate malicious data manipulations while considering incomplete information and uncertainty. We demonstrate the efficacy of our framework through a case study involving healthcare fraud detection, showcasing its practical utility in the poisoning problem. Our decision-theoretic approach offers a promising avenue for bolstering the reliability and security of outlier detection systems in dynamic environments.Data Analytics and Information System
Sleep-dependent memory consolidation contributes to the negative memory bias in depressed individuals
Get PDFNo abstract prepared.Psycholog
Early detection of Chagas disease in Texas newborns: Implications for public health screening
Get PDFChagas disease is a condition caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, sometimes referred to as "kissing bugs“, refer to figure two and three. The parasite is mainly found in rural areas of Mexico, Central, and South America. Triatomine bugs are the main insects that spread it. Additionally, the disease can spread through organ transplants, blood transfusions, mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, and ingestion of tainted food or drink. The purpose of this study is to analyze dried blood spot samples from the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) to assess the severity of Chagas disease.Health Administratio
The Trap of Visibility: Isolation and Reintigration in The Scarlet Letter
No full textNo abstract prepared.Englis