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Half silver, half gold: Modole folk stories and a first sketch grammar
No full textThis collection contains ten folk stories in Modole, a Papuan language of the North Moluccas in eastern Indonesia. They were first published in 1916 by Dutch missionary G.J. Ellen and appear here re-edited, translated into English and with interlinear glossings.
In addition, the book offers the first grammatical description of Modole, as well as information on the Modole people and their culture and environment
Modalidade e modo em português europeu
No full textEste livro oferece uma apresentação dos sistemas da modalidade e do modo em Português Europeu. A aproximação aos temas abordados tem por base o espírito da semântica formal, mas a apresentação é informal, sendo o texto acessível a qualquer leitor, mesmo que não familiarizado com qualquer formalismo semântico ou com a Lógica. São tratados dados da variante europeia da língua portuguesa, mas, naturalmente, os conceitos técnicos envolvidos são aplicáveis a qualquer língua natural, pelo que a descrição e análise de dados que é apresentada permite a comparação com outras línguas e com outras variedades do português. Em sala de aula, o livro poderá ser usado tanto em cursos mais avançados de licenciatura como em cursos de pós-graduação. Fora de aula, poderá ser útil para professores de português (quer como língua materna quer como L2), investigadores em Linguística e áreas afins, ou simples curiosos pela língua portuguesa. O livro está dividido em duas partes. A primeira oferece uma introdução ao conceito de modalidade, tipos de modalidade e formas de expressão da modalidade em português, com capítulos dedicados à análise de diferentes construções modais do português. A segunda parte oferece uma descrição e análise dos sistemas dos modos indicativo e conjuntivo (com foco no Português Europeu), incluindo um capítulo dedicado aos tempos do conjuntivo.
This book offers a presentation of the systems of modality and mood in European Portuguese. The approach to the topics follows the spirit of formal semantics, but the presentation is informal, and the text is accessible to any reader, even if unfamiliar with any semantic formalism or Logic. Data from the European variant of the Portuguese language are discussed, but, naturally, the technical concepts involved are applicable to any natural language. Thus, the presented description and analysis of data allows for comparison with other languages and other varieties of Portuguese. In the classroom, the book can be used in more advanced undergraduate and in postgraduate courses. Outside the classroom, it can be useful to teachers of Portuguese (whether as a mother tongue or as a second language), researchers in Linguistics and related fields, or simply curious people about the Portuguese language. The book is divided into two parts. The first one offers an introduction to the concept of modality, its types and forms of expression in Portuguese, and it includes chapters dedicated to the analysis of different modal constructions in Portuguese. The second part offers a description and analysis of the indicative and subjunctive mood systems (with focus on European Portuguese), including a chapter dedicated to the subjunctive tenses
Modalidade e modo em português europeu
No full textEste livro oferece uma apresentação dos sistemas da modalidade e do modo em Português Europeu. A aproximação aos temas abordados tem por base o espírito da semântica formal, mas a apresentação é informal, sendo o texto acessível a qualquer leitor, mesmo que não familiarizado com qualquer formalismo semântico ou com a Lógica. São tratados dados da variante europeia da língua portuguesa, mas, naturalmente, os conceitos técnicos envolvidos são aplicáveis a qualquer língua natural, pelo que a descrição e análise de dados que é apresentada permite a comparação com outras línguas e com outras variedades do português. Em sala de aula, o livro poderá ser usado tanto em cursos mais avançados de licenciatura como em cursos de pós-graduação. Fora de aula, poderá ser útil para professores de português (quer como língua materna quer como L2), investigadores em Linguística e áreas afins, ou simples curiosos pela língua portuguesa. O livro está dividido em duas partes. A primeira oferece uma introdução ao conceito de modalidade, tipos de modalidade e formas de expressão da modalidade em português, com capítulos dedicados à análise de diferentes construções modais do português. A segunda parte oferece uma descrição e análise dos sistemas dos modos indicativo e conjuntivo (com foco no Português Europeu), incluindo um capítulo dedicado aos tempos do conjuntivo.
This book offers a presentation of the systems of modality and mood in European Portuguese. The approach to the topics follows the spirit of formal semantics, but the presentation is informal, and the text is accessible to any reader, even if unfamiliar with any semantic formalism or Logic. Data from the European variant of the Portuguese language are discussed, but, naturally, the technical concepts involved are applicable to any natural language. Thus, the presented description and analysis of data allows for comparison with other languages and other varieties of Portuguese. In the classroom, the book can be used in more advanced undergraduate and in postgraduate courses. Outside the classroom, it can be useful to teachers of Portuguese (whether as a mother tongue or as a second language), researchers in Linguistics and related fields, or simply curious people about the Portuguese language. The book is divided into two parts. The first one offers an introduction to the concept of modality, its types and forms of expression in Portuguese, and it includes chapters dedicated to the analysis of different modal constructions in Portuguese. The second part offers a description and analysis of the indicative and subjunctive mood systems (with focus on European Portuguese), including a chapter dedicated to the subjunctive tenses
Current insights into code-switching
No full textThis volume presents a series of studies and reviews that provide insights into grammatical variation and the development of code-switching in neurotypical speakers, as well as into language mixing practices among individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions. Across seven chapters, a range of themes is explored, including: community norms and language practices, the influence of caregivers on bilingual development, attitudes and ideologies surrounding bilingualism, code-switching as a communicative resource, and the intersection of neurodiversity and bilingualism. By offering up-to-date perspectives on these topics, the volume builds on existing research into code-switching, such as work by Margaret Deuchar, and it highlights open data initiatives for advancing future research in this area
The construction of multilinguals as Others: Do we practice what we preach?
No full textMultilingualism is the normal condition for contemporary as well as historical human societies. However, European nation-state building has led to a strong “monolingual habitus” that constructs a community of monolingual speakers as bearers of a nation. This erases or exoticises multilinguistic practices and excludes multilingual speakers. The effects of this exclusion are visible in the public discourse on multilingual speakers, where we find a widespread “Othering” of multilingual speakers, understood as constructing them as members of a social and linguistic out-group. Such Othering is not restricted to public discourse but is also found in our own practice as professionals working in linguistics and related fields. In the volume, we take a close look at Othering practices not only in the public discussion and educational practice, but also in academia, with a focus on linguistics. We provide critical reflection of common practices in our own field, and discuss the implications and challenges of this for our research. Chapters will address conceptual framing and labelling, methodology, and research bias in a broad spectrum of approaches. They will discuss the social context of Othering in linguistics, labelling practises in linguistic publications and the construction of multilinguals as Others in linguistic subdisciplines such as heritage language research, descriptive and documentary linguistics, second language acquisition, language teaching, and outreach activities
Linguistic dynamics in heritage speakers: Insights from the RUEG group
No full textThis collective volume investigates linguistic dynamics in language contact, focusing on heritage speakers. The chapters provide new insights into the role of speaker repertoires and the distinction between contact-induced change and language-internal variation by reporting on corpus-linguistic studies across different communicative situations in heritage and majority languages. Conducted in the context of the DFG Research Unit “Emerging Grammars in Language Contact Situations” (FOR 2537), the studies focus on bilingual adolescent and adult speakers of German, Greek, Russian and Turkish as heritage languages, and of English and German as majority languages, and on monolingually raised adolescent and adult speakers of all five languages. Crucially, they are not restricted to standard language, but target broader speaker repertoires that cover informal as well as formal settings in both spoken and written modes. The contributions are united by their positive perspective on language contact and multilingual speakers, a comparative approach across several heritage and majority languages, and a shared methodology that captures variation within repertoires for both heritage speakers and monolinguals. The chapters take various theoretical standpoints, highlighting different facets of the data as well as its potential for enhancing our understanding of language contact and language variation
Linguistic dynamics in heritage speakers: Insights from the RUEG group
No full textThis collective volume investigates linguistic dynamics in language contact, focusing on heritage speakers. The chapters provide new insights into the role of speaker repertoires and the distinction between contact-induced change and language-internal variation by reporting on corpus-linguistic studies across different communicative situations in heritage and majority languages. Conducted in the context of the DFG Research Unit “Emerging Grammars in Language Contact Situations” (FOR 2537), the studies focus on bilingual adolescent and adult speakers of German, Greek, Russian and Turkish as heritage languages, and of English and German as majority languages, and on monolingually raised adolescent and adult speakers of all five languages. Crucially, they are not restricted to standard language, but target broader speaker repertoires that cover informal as well as formal settings in both spoken and written modes. The contributions are united by their positive perspective on language contact and multilingual speakers, a comparative approach across several heritage and majority languages, and a shared methodology that captures variation within repertoires for both heritage speakers and monolinguals. The chapters take various theoretical standpoints, highlighting different facets of the data as well as its potential for enhancing our understanding of language contact and language variation
Linguistic dynamics in heritage speakers: Insights from the RUEG group
No full textThis collective volume investigates linguistic dynamics in language contact, focusing on heritage speakers. The chapters provide new insights into the role of speaker repertoires and the distinction between contact-induced change and language-internal variation by reporting on corpus-linguistic studies across different communicative situations in heritage and majority languages. Conducted in the context of the DFG Research Unit “Emerging Grammars in Language Contact Situations” (FOR 2537), the studies focus on bilingual adolescent and adult speakers of German, Greek, Russian and Turkish as heritage languages, and of English and German as majority languages, and on monolingually raised adolescent and adult speakers of all five languages. Crucially, they are not restricted to standard language, but target broader speaker repertoires that cover informal as well as formal settings in both spoken and written modes. The contributions are united by their positive perspective on language contact and multilingual speakers, a comparative approach across several heritage and majority languages, and a shared methodology that captures variation within repertoires for both heritage speakers and monolinguals. The chapters take various theoretical standpoints, highlighting different facets of the data as well as its potential for enhancing our understanding of language contact and language variation
Cross-disciplinary approaches to Information Structure in Niger-Congo languages
No full textThis volume contains a selection of papers that were originally presented at a workshop "Cross-disciplinary approaches to Information Structure in African languages", held in Porto-Novo, Benin in 2022. Eight papers explore information structure in Niger-Congo languages from different linguistic angles: phonetics, phonology, syntax and semantics. The papers address a range of topics in different Niger- Congo languages from both junior and senior scholars in the field of linguistics, reflecting both the diversity of languages and scholarship in African linguistics
Acting on actuation
No full textThis volume presents a timely discussion on one of the most fundamental and yet elusive questions in historical linguistics: why do certain linguistic changes take place in some languages at specific times, but not in others, even under similar conditions? The actuation problem, first articulated by Weinreich, Labov, and Herzog (1968), remains a central puzzle in the study of language change, at the crossroads between language structure, cognitive processes, and social dynamics. While significant progress has been made in identifying pathways and constraints on change and in understanding the social embedding of linguistic variation, the ultimate challenge of predicting language change remains unresolved, raising the question of whether historical linguistics can ever be a predictive science. The main reason for skepticism is that the inherent complexity of language structure and use makes it extremely challenging to predict when and how a given change may occur. Even so, a reassessment of where the discipline stands with respect to its most central research question is in order.
Building on recent advances in variationist sociolinguistics, grammaticalization theory, and probabilistic modeling of language, the contributions in this volume offer fresh theoretical and methodological perspectives on the actuation problem, discussing the interplay between principles of language change, the role of bilingualism and language contact more generally, the distinction between innovation and propagation, and the role of sociocultural change. Research presented in this volume shows that there is indeed cause for hope, bringing at least a probabilistic answer to the actuation problem within closer reach