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In Silico Comparative Analysis of Different vacA Genes of Helicobacter pylori
No full textHelicobacter pylori is a class I carcinogen responsible for 90% of gastrointestinal and gastroduodenal disorders, including gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. The virulence and pathogenicity peculiar to H. pylori have been associated with several genes, including cytotoxin associated gene (cagA), vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA), outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), and duodenal ulcer promoting (dupA). This study explored the relationship between African-generated vacA genes with genes from other regions with high gastrointestinal disorder prevalence. Nucleotide sequences of 228 vacA genes of H. pylori were retrieved from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Pairwise and multiple sequence alignment was carried out on 228 vacA nucleotide sequences using MEGA 10.2.4 software to identify regions of similarities. Phylogenetic analysis, also using MEGA software, was carried out to establish the evolutionary relationships between all extracted sequences. Analysis for conserved domain was also performed on the NCBI Conserved Domain Database to better understand each geographical data's properties. After the evolutionary analysis, it was observed that South African vacA genes were more closely related to genes from Mexico, Italy, Spain, and Germany—with Italy having the highest occurring relationship. Conserved domain analysis showed 2 highly conserved superfamilies, cl20029 and cl22877, and 2 protein family models, pfam02691 and pfam03797. The results demonstrate relatedness of vacA genes from the African region to the European region; Italy, Mexico, and Spain. The study shows the biogeographical diversity among vacA genes and emphasizes the degree of domain conservation across each gene. It also shows the need for a holistic assessment of the virulent genes in H. pylori
A Message from BHAC Board President: Workplace Wellness Culture and Environment: Key to How People Emotionally Feel and Behave
No full textNo abstract available
Prevalence of Accidents in Smaller Amish Settlements: 2015–2022
No full textMany Amish people engage in manual labor tasks at work, on the farm, and at home. As such, the daily risk for injury is high. The primary mode of transportation, horses and buggies, also creates opportunities for accidents and injuries. Much of the research on injuries among the Amish focuses on hospital reports, capturing only the most severe injuries. Research is also limited by a focus on injuries to children. Many safety programs are tailored toward people living in large Amish settlements, as more people can be reached. We use accident reports submitted to The Diary, a monthly newspaper, to determine the type and prevalence of accidents in small Amish communities. Accidents related to falls, manual labor, and buggy and/or vehicle crashes are the most prevalent forms of injury across age groups. Most accidents do not involve serious injuries and are likely to escape the purview of mainstream medicine. The prevalence of accidents at the house or on the property involving young children suggests that culturally appropriate prevention measures tailored to daily activities would be helpful to lower the incidence of injury
Community Health Needs Assessment of Plain Populations in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
No full textWe conducted a health needs assessment of three Plain communities in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, from a random sample of 433 households surveyed by mail. Here we compare those findings with a similar survey we conducted in 2014–15 with additional questions on vaccine uptake and the response to COVID-19. Results of the two surveys are quite similar. Plain respondents continue to have little diagnosed asthma, fewer mental health issues, and are more likely to have had prenatal care but otherwise their health is similar to that of other adults in Lancaster County
It’s the Small Things: An Intersectional Approach to African American Women on Medicaid Receiving Prenatal Care
No full textBackground: When examining prenatal care utilization rates, African American women were more likely to receive inadequate prenatal care. Yet, research about African American women’s prenatal care experiences fails to account for how their experiences may vary by socioeconomic status and insurance type. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide African American women on Medicaid with the opportunity to speak to what they found to be meaningful during their interactions with their prenatal care provider using an intersectionality framework.Methods: Individual interviews were conducted with pregnant African American women (n = 20) receiving Medicaid who were in their second or third trimester of pregnancy. Participants aged 18 to 45 years were recruited from various health care systems located in Ohio. Researchers applied a thematic analysis approach during data collection and data analysis.Results: Two overarching themes emerged about what these African American women considered meaningful when they talked to their prenatal care provider during pregnancy: (1) conversations around my prenatal care and (2) equipping me with knowledge.Conclusion: The results obtained through the application of intersectionality theory allow researchers the opportunity to create effective solutions, interventions, and policies that can be implemented to improve infant health outcomes and reduce the risk of infant mortality among pregnant African American women receiving Medicaid. Implications also suggested that public health practitioners in Ohio should increase their awareness of what is important to this population to build patient's trust in provider recommendations and patient’s confidence in shared decision-making
Stumbling from Correctional Walls to Rural Halls: A Unique Journey from Farming and Corrections to Academia in Rural Crime and Livestock Theft
No full textNo abstract available
Editors’ Introduction: Connectivity and Diversity in Music Cognition
No full textScholarly interest in the context of music listening and its influence on music cognition and connection is flourishing after decades of a predominantly individualistic approach. This article introduces a special issue that explores research on the theme of connectivity and diversity in music cognition research arising from the ICMPC16-ESCOM11 conference. The conference itself, held online during the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, transcended national borders, bringing together researchers and practitioners from multiple continents in a digital context. In this introduction, we set the scene for this topic as it related to the conference. The included papers are the outcome of workshops held as part of the conference. The first paper in the special issue explores the use of embodied consciousness as part of pedagogical strategies to help music performers connect with embodied memories that can support their understanding of the work they are performing. The second paper considers uses of music in the early stages of motherhood, including a comparison between the active choice to regularly sing or listen to music and its perceived effects for the mother and her infant. The papers and associated commentaries offer a window into the rich research theme of connectivity and diversity that is likely to be influential over the years to come
An Argument for a New Description of “Division by Zero”
No full textInstead of simply characterizing division by zero as “undefined” to students, we argue that it should be considered on the basis of mathematically consistent equations. Division by zero leads to inconsistent mathematical statements that are just as invalid as other incorrect statements. We propose that division by zero should be characterized as “inconsistent” rather than “undefined.” Consistency underlies the fundamental truth of all mathematical equations and the interrelationships between mathematical objects.En lugar de simplemente caracterizar la división por cero como "indefinida" para los estudiantes, argumentamos que se debe considerar sobre la base de ecuaciones matemáticamente consistentes. La división por cero conduce a declaraciones matemáticas inconsistentes que son tan inválidas como otras declaraciones incorrectas. Proponemos que la división por cero debería caracterizarse como "inconsistente" en lugar de "indefinida". La consistencia subyace a la verdad fundamental de todas las ecuaciones matemáticas y las interrelaciones entre objetos matemáticos.Em vez de simplesmente caracterizar a divisão por zero como "indefinida" para os alunos, argumentamos que ela deve ser considerada com base em equações matematicamente consistentes. A divisão por zero leva a declarações matemáticas inconsistentes que são tão inválidas quanto outras declarações incorretas. Propomos que a divisão por zero seja caracterizada como "inconsistente" em vez de "indefinida". A consistência está na base da verdade fundamental de todas as equações matemáticas e das inter-relações entre objetos matemáticos
How Mathematics Education in Ohio Impacted the Nation: Laying the Groundwork for Reform
No full textThis article describes significant contributions of OSU professors Arnold Ross, F. Joe Crosswhite, and others, who played key roles in providing access to appropriate mathematics for all students. Behind-the-scenes stories and personal anecdotes from the Ukraine to the OSU campus reveal how they laid the groundwork for improving the way mathematics is currently taught and the preparation of those who teach it, especially with regard to equity and technology. The article provides an insightful look into OSU’s lasting impact on mathematics education