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(Re)centering the Knowledge of Disabled Activists, Poverty Scholars, and Community Scholars of Color to Transform Education
No full textThis duoethnography weaves the experiences and perspectives of disabled activists, poverty scholars, community scholars of color, and university-based scholars partnering on a teacher preparation professional development project that (re)centers disability and its intersections by (a) reconsidering who creates knowledge, (b) positioning disabled activists, poverty scholars, and community scholars of color as experts with pedagogical authority, and (c) providing opportunities for teacher candidates (current and future teachers) to learn from activists and scholars in accessible, online spaces. The experiences and perspectives of multiply marginalized disabled youth and adults are often ignored and/or discounted in teacher preparation programs. However, one way to re-zone and re-people disability studies in teacher education is by teaching and learning at the intersections of critical race studies and disability studies through cross-coalitional community-university partnerships
Amish Attitudes and Identity in Relation to Pennsylvania Dutch
No full textPennsylvania Dutch is the language of hearth and home for most Amish. As such, it serves the communication purposes of the in-group and is tightly interwoven with Amish identity. In this paper, I analyze data from a sociolinguistic survey that poses questions about language use, attitudes, identity, and religion. Current and former members of various Amish groups participated in this survey along with nonaffiliated descendants of the Amish. This study finds that each group—current, former, and descended—tends to have a different relationship with the language. Current members of the Amish and/or more proficient speakers unsurprisingly identify more strongly with the Pennsylvania Dutch language and their Amish background. Individual and region-based differences also emerge, demonstrating the complexity of the issues at hand and the diversity of Amish community practices and expectations surrounding language use. How current, former, and descended Amish view and engage with the language that sets them ethnically, religiously, and culturally apart from mainstream society has much to reveal about the interplay between minority languages and perceptions of ethnoreligious identity
The Sum of Even Powers
Get PDFThe authors explore a proof involving the sum of even powers using a visual approach. Ideas for engaging students are provided along with a formal proof
PrEP Access as HIV Prevention for LGBTQ+ College Students: An Exploration of Current Barriers to Access
No full textBackground: Although tremendous strides have been made in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention, detection, and treatment, HIV remains a public health issue in the United States. Sexual and gender diverse individuals and the 18-24 age group are considered vulnerable populations at risk for contracting the virus. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a medication that has proven effective in reducing the risk of HIV transmission.
Aim: This article aims to justify the necessity of PrEP medication on college campuses, especially for gender and sexual diverse students.
Methods: This article provides information on the state of PrEP education, availability, and access on college campuses in the United States. This article also addresses barriers that college students face with accessing PrEP medication through college health services.
Results: Limited research has found that most colleges in the United States lack PrEP availability for college students. Other factors, including insurance, privacy concerns, and stigma, may deter students from seeking and taking PrEP medication.
Conclusions: This article supports widespread PrEP availability and access on college campuses and acknowledges the need to address barriers that keep students from utilizing PrEP
Exploring the Possible Role of Hybridization in the Evolution of Photosynthetic Pathways in Flaveria (Asteraceae), the Prime Model of C4 Photosynthesis Evolution
No full textFlaveria (Asteraceae) is the prime model for the study of C4 photosynthesis evolution and seems to support a stepwise acquisition of the pathway through C3-C4 intermediate phenotypes, still existing in Flaveria today. Molecular phylogenies of Flaveria based on concatenated data matrices are currently used to reconstruct the complex sequence of trait shifts during C4 evolution. To assess the possible role of hybridization in C4 evolution in Flaveria, we re-analyzed transcriptome data of 17 Flaveria species to infer the extent of gene tree discordance and possible reticulation events. We found massive gene tree discordance as well as reticulation along the backbone and within clades containing C3-C4 intermediate and C4-like species. An early hybridization event between two C3 species might have triggered C4 evolution in the genus. The clade containing all C4 species plus the C4-like species F. vaginata and F. palmeri is highly supported in our phylogenetic analyses, but it might be of hybrid origin involving F. angustifolia and F. sonorensis (both C3-C4 intermediate) as parental lineages. Hybridization seems to be a driver of C4 evolution in Flaveria and likely promoted the fast acquisition of C4 traits. This new insight can be used in further exploring C4 evolution and can inform C4 bioengineering efforts
Affective Ablenationalisms and Interspecies Entanglements
No full textIn 2015, the news outlet Today posted a video interview with Chopper Maroshek, a former Navy Seal, about the “unbreakable bond” between himself and his service dog, a German Shepherd named Chopper. Before Chopper was Maroshek’s service dog, he was his multi-purpose canine partner, trained and deployed for combat in Iraq and Afghanistan. This article analyzes representations of Chopper and Maroshek in the Today video, its comment archive, and popular news articles to show how Chopper, in his role as a multi-purpose canine-cum-service dog, is hailed to participate in the project of ablenationalism. I argue that Chopper is constructed as an exceptional technology of rehabilitation, facilitating Maroshek’s ability to fold back into the nation as an “able-disabled” subject. Building on transnational disability and animal studies scholarship, I illuminate how the circulation of Maroshek and Chopper’s spectacular story justifies the uneven biopolitical inclusion of American veterans with mental and/or psychiatric disabilities, effectively obscuring the violent production of disability through war. Ultimately, I show how the nationalist affects that shape Chopper as the apotheosis of a service dog covertly sutures an ablenationalist politics of disability to a racialized U.S. biopolitics of war
Nurturing Structural Thinking through Teacher-Facilitated Problem Solving
Get PDFOne essential goal of mathematics teaching is to develop the habit of mind and the ability to look for and recognize structures, to probe into and act upon structures, and to reason and justify in terms of general structures. Framed by the five practices for orchestrating productive mathematics discussions (Smith & Stein, 2011), this paper uses the Horse Rider problem as an example to illustrate how teachers can nurture student structural thinking through careful sequencing of mathematical tasks.
The Keller Plantation and the Racial Plot of Disability History in the U.S.
No full textBetween the popularization of Helen Keller’s autobiography, The Story of My Life (1903), and the cinematic dramatization of The Miracle Worker (1962), scenes of Keller’s early life and education have served as touchstones through which nondisabled Americans have imagined disability’s history and narrowed its political possibilities: toward the conditional dispersal of access based on individual acts of overcoming. Yet, if Keller’s story has played an outsize role in consolidating disability’s history and politics, it is also a site of profound racial occlusion. The context of Keller’s early life on the Keller plantation in Tuscumbia, Alabama is largely absent from her popular legacy. With the disappearance of this context, the black people who facilitated Keller’s disabled coming of age have also fallen away, as well as the history of slavery and Indigenous removal that made her life story possible. This void—at the locus of perhaps the most hegemonic origin story of American disability history—is cause for critical race inquiry. This essay traces the relationship between the material background of Keller’s autobiography and its imaginative foreground; from her family’s role in settler conquest and slavery in the Alabama Muscle Shoals, to Keller’s status as a transcendent icon of disability. Reading between the plantation and the plot of Keller’s Story while locating both beside the Tennessee River’s shoals, this essay turns to theories of cartography and narrative authored by Sylvia Wynter and Tiffany Lethabo King for insight into a critical paradox: the antiblack and anti-Indigenous structure of ableism, and the whiteness of disabled representation. By resituating Keller’s iconicity in relation to conquest, slavery, and their afterlives, this essay locates the problems and possibilities of narrating black and Indigenous disability history from the Keller plantation’s surround. Yet, while invested in unsettling the landscape, I neither recover these stories nor entomb them as untellable. Instead, I write toward further investment in black and Indigenous counter-archives that have complicated who has been—and who remains—the imaginable and politically traction-able subject of disability