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Ohio Journal of Public Health Vol. 6, Issue 1 (May 2024): Full Issue
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Perceptions of farmers about Turkish Gendarmerie: A phenomenological analysis in Bozkurt
No full textThe aim of this phenomenology study is to reveal what the Turkish Gendarmerie means to Turkish farmers and how it is affected after the experience of agricultural crime victimisation. In this study, semi-structured interviews conducted with 21 farmers who were exposed to agricultural crime between 2017 and 2019 in Bozkurt were analysed with the Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis method. Results show that farmers interact with the gendarmerie from their childhood. As time passes, they experience the positive qualities of the gendarmerie and construct a positive perception of the gendarmerie in their minds. Many farmers experience the caring and successful practices of the gendarmerie after being exposed to crime and reinforce their positive perceptions. On the other hand, farmers who are not satisfied with this process do not experience a radical change in their positive perceptions. It is possible to conclude that this situation stems from the positive perception of the gendarmerie that farmers have constructed in their minds since their childhood and that the gendarmerie means much more than a simply a rural police force for them
In Defense of Abused Women: Rural Critical Criminology in the Courtroom
No full textMany critical criminologists assert that criminal courts only function on behalf of powerful interests. Nothing could be further from the truth. Drawing heavily on my recent work as an expert witness assisting rural battered women in conflict with the Kentucky legal system, the main objective of this paper is to show that a courtroom can be a site of progressive struggle and resistance. Indeed, the courtroom is what the late Ian Taylor defines as a “political place,” and this paper demonstrates that positive outcomes for incarcerated abused women can occur when rural critical criminologists enter this space
Phylogenetic Systematics of the Shieldtail Snake Genus Teretrurus Beddome, 1886 (Squamata, Uropeltidae) Reveals Extensive Cryptic Diversity and Novel Geographic Spread in the Western Ghats of India
No full textThe genus Tereturus is a small and poorly studied group of uropeltid snakes, known from only a few localities in the Western Ghats of southwest India. Recent taxonomic reviews as well as phylogenetic reconstructions have suggested the presence of cryptic diversity within Teretrurus. Here, based on additional collections from previously unsampled regions of the Western Ghats, we expand the geographic range of the genus significantly northwards by ca. 300 km and evaluate species limits between populations. While morphometric analyses indicate that the four currently known species occupy distinct morphospaces, there was no significant difference in the morphospace between the new populations sampled in this study and the four known species. However, phylogenetic species delimitation using multiple methods consistently indicated greater diversity within Teretrurus than currently known. Based on these results, we further describe four of these lineages as Teretrurus albiventer sp. nov. from Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, Teretrurus siruvaniensis sp. nov. from Siruvani Hills, Teretrurus periyarensis sp. nov. from the Periyar plateau and Teretrurus agumbensis sp. nov. from Agumbe. The four new lineages can be distinguished by their phylogenetic position, geography and a combination of diagnostic characters. The discovery of these four species further highlights the extensive hidden diversity among fossorial taxa and the role of extensive sampling in uncovering the true diversity within uropeltid snakes
Time with Demana/Waits
No full textThe author explores the extensive contributions of Bert Waits and Frank Demana to mathematics education at both the state and national levels. It highlights their pioneering efforts in promoting graphing calculators, professional development programs, and a neuroscience-based approach to teaching algebra. The article also discusses the impact of programs such as the Ohio Early College Mathematics Placement Testing (EMPT) Program and the College Short Course Program, which improved mathematics preparedness for thousands of students and provided professional development opportunities for educators. Personal anecdotes provide additional insights into the deep professional and personal relationships shared by the author with Waits and Demana
Extinct Amish Settlements: An Overview, 1730s–2024
No full textOf the 958 settlements founded in North America since the Amish arrived in the 1730s, 272 are now extinct. This research note provides a summary of those failures to sustain the life of an Amish community, and includes an appendix listing settlement extinctions by state and in chronological order. The article concludes with a discussion about the value of understanding community failures as an important, but often ignored, dimension of the Amish story in North America
Analyzing Trauma-Informed Courtrooms in a Midwestern State of the United States: Comparison between Rural and Urban Jurisdictions
No full textThis study investigates the implementation of trauma-informed practices in various court settings, including juvenile and adult courtrooms, as well as specialized cases in areas such as family courts, domestic reconciliation, protection orders, and child in need of care (CINC) cases, within a single Midwestern state in the United States. The study targeted one rural and one urban judicial district. The authors sought to assess if, and how these practices are utilized to create an environment and workplace that fosters a needs-based, survivor-centered, resilience-building courtroom. Drawing from a holistic perspective on trauma and survivor-centered practices, this study utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis and courtroom field observations (in-person and virtual) with key personnel within the legal system, including judges, attorneys, court services, and community corrections officers. Our study revealed significant variations in implementing trauma-informed strategies across different court types and the urban-rural demographic spectrum. Moreover, the research highlights a significant paradox in courtroom proceedings—the tension between the demands for a speedy trial and efficiency and the time required to offer care, empathy, and a trauma-informed approach. This conflict stresses the necessity for a careful balance that upholds justice while considering the traumas experienced by individuals and the requisite care for all parties involved. Our findings serve as a clarion call for the continuous education of legal professionals in both rural and urban jurisdictions on trauma-informed practices. Equally important is the fostering of a cultural transformation towards a trauma-informed courtroom and the creation of teams that prioritize trauma-informed practices, ensuring that all personnel and stakeholders have equal access to training and resources
Rural Crime: A Proposed Victim Trauma Model for South Africa
No full textThis study addresses the complex issue of rural victimisation in South Africa, examining the prevalence of crime and the resulting fear among rural communities. It contributes to understanding rural victimisation and promotes trauma-informed strategies to address the multifaceted impacts of crime in rural areas. By analysing trauma, the study aims to highlight the distressing experiences caused by crime and the need to restore victims' sense of safety and control. A multi-dimensional framework with two main objectives is employed. Firstly, it explores trauma's profound emotional, psychological, social, and professional impact on rural crime victims. Secondly, the article advocates for comprehensive victim support encompassing mental health, safety, and security to aid recovery and resilience after victimisation. Furthermore, the research promotes implementing trauma-informed care guided by safety, trustworthiness, choice, collaboration, and empowerment principles. By incorporating concepts like realisation, recognition, response, and resistance, this approach aims to create an environment conducive to healing and growth for rural crime victims. The study's outcome is creating a proposed rural crime victim trauma model grounded in empirical evidence. This model offers a comprehensive understanding of victim trauma and underscores the importance of tailored interventions for sustainable recovery