21794 research outputs found
Sort by
The Role of Sibling Support for First-Generation College Student Adjustment
No full textMore than half of U.S. college students are first-generation students (i.e., without a parent who completed a bachelor’s degree), yet these students are at increased risk compared to continuing-generation students for earning lower grades, not completing their degree, and lower life satisfaction. First-generation students are also less likely to use institutional resources when they need support, and parental support may be less useful given parents’ limited college experiences. Yet, the potential value of sibling support has been understudied. The present study examined whether perceived sibling support was associated with self-esteem, life satisfaction, hope, and adaptive coping mechanisms among first-generation college students (n = 167). Overall, receiving more sibling support was associated with greater self-esteem, life satisfaction, hope, and the use of adaptive coping mechanisms, with some nuances based on gender and sibling structural characteristics. Thus, siblings may serve as important sources of support for first-generation college students’ academic success and well-being
Implicit and Explicit Connections : Race and Class in Season Two of The Wire
No full textThis essay argues that season 2 of The Wire—often neglected in considerations of David Simon’s groundbreaking show—is, in fact, central to its understanding of the complicated intersection of race and class under contemporary neoliberalism. Focusing on a set of dockworkers in Baltimore’s port, season 2 offers us a kind of prehistory of season 1, demonstrating how the steady erosion of work leads directly to the criminal activities we observed in the first season. What separates the first and second seasons is not only, or even primarily, race, as is often assumed, but rather the presence of the union, which provides a form of support for both Black and white dockworkers that is absent from the inner-city corners. If The Wire illustrates the ways in which racialization is reinforced by people’s lived environments, it also shows how it can be countered by a different form of sociality, one grounded in experiences the working classes have in common, which can mitigate, if never entirely efface, the lived reality of racialized capital. Season 2 thus offers one way we might overcome the racialized divisions that persist in contemporary American life
Bioethics as a Dynamic Issue: Holistic Approaches to Understanding and Applying Ethics to Study Design
No full textAnthropologists have challenged bioethicists to incorporate more holistic approaches to applying ethics in real-world situations. Where bioethicists tend to use systematic philosophical approaches to moral dilemmas, anthropologists apply malleable approaches designed to be responsive to variable cultural contexts. For example, in decision making anthropologists emphasize the importance of community and the effects of social issues, political economy, and cultural tradition. This difference in approaches contributes to the contentious relationship between anthropologists and bioethicists. Despite nuanced perspectives, anthropologists have not enjoyed a durable role in shaping contemporary bioethics. This lack of nuance becomes problematic when researchers attempt to reconcile ethical issues against a rigid standard of morality, rather than what Patricia Marshall defines as a “culturally constituted and continually evolving” process. Reflecting on the institutional review board (IRB) review of the author’s work with African descendants in the United States and Nigeria, this discussion covers the importance of conceptualizing bioethics as a dynamic issue, especially when working with communities abroad. Comparing these review processes reveals the organizational structures, influenced by culture and society, that impact decision making in respective communities. This contribution to the special issue suggests that a focus on how IRB reviews are done can also offer insights and contextualization into community decision making. Within a cross-cultural setting, considerations of the IRB review processes can lead to more informed conversations on bioethics and can aid researchers in applying more holistic approaches to study design
Dimensional Changes in the Skulls of Ancient Children with Age in Xinjiang, China
Get PDFMany scholars have conducted research on the growth patterns of children’s skulls in terms of skull size, head circumference, cranial cavity volume, and so forth. This study compared and analyzed 20 skull measurement indexes of different ages from skulls of 38 children (aged 2–15 years) and 87 adult females (20–40 years) at the Zaghunluq cemetery in Xinjiang, China, to determine how the size of ancient children’s skulls changed with age. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences between the six age groups (2, 3–5, 6–8, 9–11, 12–15 years, and adults [20–40 years]) in terms of metrical cranial traits, cranial area, and cranial cavity volume. Results indicate that the skull kept growing from ages 3–5, 12–15, and adults, implying that the skull sizes of ancient children in Xinjiang continued to increase with age. In addition, the study revealed that children aged 12–15 had skulls that were significantly smaller than those of adults. This finding showed that the skulls of ancient children in Xinjiang were not fully developed at the age of 15. Notably, differences existed between age groups in both developmental traits of the cranium and the rates at which the skull changed
“In Proverbiis Non Semper Veritas”: Reflections on the Reprint of an Antisemitic Proverb Collection
Get PDFThis article concerns the highly questionable 2016 reprint of Ernst Hiemer’s antisemitic proverb collection Der Jude im Sprichwort der Völker (1942, The Jew in the Proverbs of the People). It begins with a glance at earlier antisemitic proverb collections while also reviewing some of the superb Yiddish and Jewish/Hebrew proverb collections and serious studies on this rich repertoire of proverbs. This is followed by a discussion of the misguided antisemitic publications of the nineteenth century that were precursors of even more slanderous and prejudiced collections that appeared during the time of National Socialism. It is shown that both traditional proverbs and invented pseudo-proverbs discrediting the Jewish population were used to manipulate public opinion in Nazi Germany by claiming that these proverbial stereotypes express absolute proverbial truths. A number of examples show that this campaign against the Jews is a clear indication that stereotypical proverbs can be extremely harmful and that they ultimately played a role in the Holocaust. Hiemer’s collection, published during the height of Nazi rule over Germany, is the most vicious antisemitic proverb compendium that should be a warning against such intentional misuse of stereotypical proverbs that have no truth value. Since it is available in libraries and on the Internet, it certainly should not have been reprinted for fear of fueling present-day antisemitism
In Memoriam: Tamar Alexander-Frizer (1945–2023)
Get PDFMemorial Essay for Professor Tamar Alexander (1945-2023