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Exploring stress, fatigue, burnout, and resilience among healthcare personnel in Southeast Asia: A scoping review
Get PDFThis study aims to compare methods used to measure burnout, fatigue, stress, and resilience, as well as resilience-building interventions among healthcare personnel (HCP) in Southeast Asia. Even before COVID-19, HCP faced high levels of burnout and stress, exacerbated by the pandemic. Identifying effective resilience-building strategies is essential to supporting a healthier workforce. Studies published from January 2016 to December 2021 focusing on burnout, stress, fatigue, and resilience in HCP in Southeast Asia. A comprehensive literature search of seven databases (Jan 2016-Dec 2021), using terms related to resilience, HCP, and Southeastern Asian countries identified relevant English-language studies. COVIDENCE software was used for screening, with a total of 55 studies included in the review. Of 55 studies, 51 measured burnout, stress, fatigue, or resilience, using 77 different instruments. The MBI-HSS (10 studies) and PSS-10 (5 studies) were the most common tools to assess burnout and stress, respectively. The BRS (8 studies), Brief-COPE (7 studies), and CD-RISC (7 studies) were the most common tools to measure individual resilience. Only four studies evaluated resilience interventions, with mindfulness training, meditation, progressive muscle relaxation, and yoga being effective tools to mitigate stress and improve mental health in high-pressure environments. Resilience, particularly during COVID-19, was a key protective factor in HCP well-being and quality patient care. There are many studies assessing burnout, fatigue, stress, and resilience among HCP in Southeast Asia, yet gaps remain in identifying effective resilience-building interventions. This review provides valuable insights into the mental health of HCP in Southeast Asia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and provides a concise review of scales used to measure burnout, stress, fatigue, and resilience. Individual resilience plays a crucial role in addressing pandemic-related challenges, and further research is needed to assess the impact of individual resilience on health systems resilience
Temperament and Home Environment Affect Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Behaviors and Internalizing Problems in Preschoolers
No full textThe increasing prevalence of children’s attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and internalizing behaviors requires investigation into putative risk factors. This longitudinal project of 105 preschoolers (54.3% girls; 90% White) examined influences of early life experiences (perinatal stressors, home environment, maternal personality) and individual differences (child temperament and activity level) on problem behaviors. At age 4 years, activity levels were observed, and parents reported on temperament and home environment. At age 5 parents reported on child ADHD behaviors, internalizing problems, and maternal personality. ADHD behavior was predicted by age 4 temperamental activity and a negative home environment. A significant interaction between temperamental activity and home environment showed that greater age 4 temperamental activity significantly predicted fewer internalizing problem behaviors at age 5, but only for children in homes with low instability. Thus, greater activity levels may be risk factors for ADHD behaviors but protective for internalizing problems, underscoring the importance of considering children’s temperament within the home environment
College Student Coping Strategies During COVID-19: Differences Across Gender, Ethnicity, and Academic Level
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic caused tremendous stress in multiple ways for undergraduate college students in emergent adulthood, a period that is already challenging. This study examined the self-reported strategies undergraduate students used to cope with COVID-19-related stress across gender, ethnicity, and academic level using a mixed-method approach. Content analyses revealed four stress-coping strategies as reported by college students: behavioral control coping strategies and three nonbehavioral control coping strategies (including cognitive, informational , and emotional control strategies). Further quantitative analyses suggested that students utilized behavioral control coping strategies much more frequently than nonbehavioral control coping strategies. Additionally, we found that Hispanic/Latino students reported significantly more use of non-behavioral control coping strategies than non-Hispanic/Latino students did when controlling for gender and academic level. We also found a moderate positive relationship between academic level and nonbehavioral control coping strategy use, controlling for gender and ethnicity. The implications of these findings are further discussed
Latent Variable Analysis in Person-Oriented Research—Serial Dependence
No full textIn this article, we pursue two points of discussion. First, a new illustration is presented of the person-oriented tenet according to which it can be hazardous to generalize to the individual results that are based on the analysis of aggregated data. Second, it is illustrated that taking into account serial dependence information can result in not only a more detailed and richer but also a different description of covariation in multivariate time series. To capture serial dependence, lagged variables can be created, that is, variables that contain the original information but shifted by one or more observation points. When these points are placed along units such as days, the relation between the original and the lagged variables can be interpreted as the relation of the original observations to those from one or several days before. Original and lagged variables can be used in P-technique factor analysis and in structural modeling. Using a data example from the development of alcoholism, it is shown that analysis at the level of the individual can lead to different results than analysis that is based on aggregated raw data. It is also shown that taking lagged variables into account can shed new light on time series
Envisioning a Multicentric Future: Worlding Temporality in He Yunchang’s One Meter of Democracy and One Rib
No full textShaped by the power of global capitalism, “the world” has been understood as a spatialized map of economic networks and transportation lines—almost a synonym for “the globe.” Postcolonial theorist Pheng Cheah calls for a reconceptualization of “the world,” where literary works and similar projects influence our vision of the concept across time, arguing that efforts to temporalize “the world” contribute to the project of deimperialization by challenging existing hegemonies of world-making discourses. This article analyzes Chinese contemporary performance art as one context in which Cheah’s temporal turn is already being practiced and leveraged as a force for deimperialization. This article investigates two artistic works that highlight the discursive power of world-making myths and challenge their premises: One Meter of Democracy (一米民主 2010) and One Rib (一根肋骨 2008), both by award-winning Chinese artist He Yunchang (1967–). These two pieces reenact origin myths propagated by Western colonial powers, which normalize Western ideals of democracy and patriarchy. Through time-based performances of lasting changes in corporeality, such as lifelong injury and healing, He brings these tales out of mythological time and into a current, embodied, creative temporality that exhibits the myths’ constructed/artificial nature and highlights the reality that “the world” includes not only the West but also China, and not only states but also individual agents as coexisting and provisional centers of power. In this way, He challenges the Eurocentric narrative of globalized hierarchies and contributes to the formation of a decolonial “world” of dynamic multicentricity as proposed by performance scholar Meiling Cheng. These temporal interventions via world-making origin myths allow alternative perspectives to gain more nuanced recognition within the discourses that construct “the world” and world histories
Introduction: Uniparental Genetic Markers in Ancient Populations and the History of Eastern Eurasia
Get PDFIdentifying and Supporting Struggling Radiology Residents: A Comprehensive Approach to Enhance Academic and Clinical Competence
Get PDFIdentifying Risk Factors for Facial Trauma
Get PDFFacial trauma, including broken noses and other serious injuries to the face or skull, represents a significant health concern due to the potential for long-term functional, aesthetic, and psychological consequences. Understanding the risk factors associated with such injuries is crucial for developing preventive strategies and improving patient outcomes. This study aims to identify and assess demographic, clinical, and social risk factors for facial trauma using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2011 and 2014. Our goals for this research are the identification of key demographic, clinical, and social risk factors for facial trauma, gaining insights into how these risk factors vary across different populations, and finding evidence of a potential association between a history of loss of consciousness due to head injury and subsequent facial trauma. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the risk factors for facial trauma, enabling healthcare providers to identify high-risk individuals and implement targeted preventive measures. Additionally, the study will provide valuable data to inform public health policies and educational campaigns aimed at reducing the incidence of facial trauma
ERGODIC SWITCHING CONTROL FOR MARKOV-FELLER PROCESSES I
Get PDFWe consider control problems with long term average (or ergodic) cost for Markov switching processes (zt, nt ), nt being a discrete component with values in a finite set N . The control acts only on this discrete component and consists of immediate switching actions. We solve the ergodic problem in several situations extending previous works, mainly when zt is a reflected diffusion with or without jumps and when the set of control values is strictly smaller than N