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Determining Jury Impartiality in the Malice Green Murder Cases
Get PDFDetroit Police Department officers Walter Budzyn and Larry Nevers beat Black resident Malice Green to death in November 1992 and were convicted of second-degree murder, however, their convictions were overturned by appellate courts on the basis that the jury was influenced by outside sources. Race played a critical factor in the trials and public opinion as both officers were White and the judge, juries, and prosecutors were Black. While the evidence of the case suggests a wrongful death, public opinion in Detroit and exposure to media compromised the juries’ impartiality
Development of Model Vaccination Initiative in Detroit
Get PDFThe distribution of vaccines to Detroit residents faced significant challenges during the COVID-19 health crisis. Vaccine distribution was slow, ineffective, and resulted in significant disparities in vaccine coverage among various racial and ethnic populations. This study examines existing data barriers to vaccination efforts in the United States, including common factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and attempts to identify factors that impact racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine coverage. Finally, this study examines successful vaccination initiatives from other cities in the United States to discuss a model vaccination initiative in Detroit
Museum Preparedness in the Digital Age
Get PDFIn 2001, Neil Beagrie coined the term, “digital curation” at the Digital Preservation Coalition sponsored conference in London. This new term launched a field of study which has since beenadopted by various disciplines within the sciences and humanities. Cultural heritage organizations like libraries and archives adapted the new field, by refining and formalizing standards and practices of digital curation to cater to their diverse cultural and historical collections. LIS graduate programs have embraced the field of study with rigorous curricula like DigCCurr which trains students in the various aspects of curation and preservation, from metadata standards to selection and appraisal. Meanwhile, museums, often considered nontraditional information organizations, have been slow to adopt digital curation within their museum practice and graduate education. The following review of scholarship on digital curation within museums from 2004 until 2019 reveals that museum professionals and scholars are still struggling with the same challenges of capturing the context, human relationships, and historical significance of their collections with current digital curation practices and standards
Vaccine Hesitancy Among Youth Living with HIV in Detroit
Get PDFVaccine hesitancy among youth with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was evaluated to determine if the pandemic affected vaccine acceptance. A retrospective chart review was conducted to analyze vaccine rates over a five-year (pre-post COVID) in one university-based clinic. Results indicated a variation in acceptance rates between vaccines, with the MenACWY, MenB, tetanus, and HPV having the highest acceptance rates and COVID-19 and annual flu vaccine having the lowest acceptance rates. Vaccine hesitancy did not correlate with HIV treatment hesitancy nor with aversion to needles. Negative messaging around vaccines from a variety of sources appeared to be the primary factor in vaccine refusal
Exploring the associations between age related decline in Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) and physical activity in the All of Us Research Program
Get PDFInterpatient differences in neural recruitment patterns during pudendal nerve stimulation – a computational investigation
Get PDFBladder dysfunction impairs the quality of life for millions of individuals around the world. Common causes of bladder dysfunction include aging, trauma, and neurological disorders. Due to inadequacies in conventional treatments, neuromodulation therapies to address bladder dysfunction, such as sacral nerve stimulation, have emerged. However, patient needs still remain unmet. Pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS) has recently gained clinical interest as a promising treatment for bladder dysfunction. While PNS has been extensively investigated in preclinical settings, there is a gap in our understanding of the mechanisms of action and efficacy of PNS as limited studies of PNS have been performed on human subjects. We developed patient-specific computational models for 10 participants receiving PNS as part of their clinical care to improve our understanding of this therapy.
Our modeling approach consisted of segmentation of pre- and post-operative magnetic resonance and computed tomography images to create a volume conductor model of each participant’s pelvic anatomy and implanted stimulator. We used the finite element method to approximate the electric fields generated by PNS for each participant. We then simulated each participant’s neural recruitment during PNS by coupling the electric field solutions to multicompartment axon models placed within the pudendal nerve.
We used this modeling approach to simulate the neural recruitment order for each participant over a select range of stimulation parameters. Our simulations demonstrated neural recruitment profiles in agreement with the experimental stimulation thresholds measured in each participant. Our results suggest that stimulation waveform parameters, contact selection, and electrode array placement all have a significant impact on the efficacy of PNS.
PNS is an emerging neuromodulation therapy which may help address bladder dysfunction that is refractory to conventional treatments. In this study, we used computational models to account for patient-specific anatomy and electrode array placement to simulate the effects of PNS. Our model results were in line with experimental measurements and underscore the importance of electrode placement relative to the roots, trunk, and branches of the pudendal nerve. Future models could be enhanced by considering histological studies that describe the somatotopic organization of the pudendal nerve. Including such data could provide further insight into the therapeutic mechanisms of PNS and optimize its use in clinical applications
