College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University
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Concentration of Metals Associated with the Native Copper Deposits of Northern Michigan
Get PDFThe Keweenaw Peninsula of northern Michigan is home to the largest accumulation of native copper in the world. Native copper deposits are hosted in the 1.1 billion-year old midcontinent rift which extends from Kansas, up through Lake Superior, around into lower Michigan, but is only exposed in the Keweenaw region. Native copper is found in the vesicular and brecciated flow tops of the volcanism associated with this rift, within the interflow conglomerate that developed in-between individual flows, and also minor native copper deposits are found with the copper sulfide deposits in the Nonesuch Shale. The purpose of this study was to examine the concentrations of zinc, lead, and silver associated with native copper in each of these depositional environments in hopes of gaining an understanding of the geochemistry of the native copper in this area. Eleven copper samples were examined using X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Three geologic areas of copper deposition studied were: the brecciated and amygdaloidal flow tops of the Portage Lake Volcanics (PLV), conglomerate layers in between PLV basalt flows, and fracture fillings of the Nonesuch Shale, as seen in the White Pine Copper Mine. The volcanic flow tops exhibited decreased Zn, Pb, and Ag with increasing Cu. Within the interflow conglomerates, chemical relationships showed an increase in Zn but a decrease in Pb and Ag with increasing Cu. In both of these sets, chemical ratios of Pb/Zn decreased with increasing Cu/Ag in a decay-like curve. The native copper as fracture filling in shale had a different chemical signature in which the Ag increased with Cu. Chemical data from this study may help in our understanding of fluid composition associated with hydrothermal copper mineralization
Impact of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) Membership on Dietary Habits and Food Waste in Central Minnesota CSA Programs
No full textThe popularity of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is rising, yet information regarding membership, scope, and efficacy of CSA programs in encouraging healthy eating habits is limited. In Summer 2017, we investigated three central-MN CSA programs, including the Common Ground Garden at CSB, to better determine the demographics of CSA members and the impact of CSA membership on dietary habits. Food waste from CSA shares was also determined. Results from this research will be shared and utilized to move forward on CSA outreach to populations needing better access to healthy foods
Literary Arts Institute Reading: Edwidge Danticat
No full textEdwidge Danticat has received numerous awards and honors, including the National Book Critics Circle Award for autobiography, the American Book Award, a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, and was twice a finalist for the National Book Award in fiction. She will be on campus to celebrate her new Sister Mariella Gable Award-winning book, The Art of Death: Writing the Final Story.
The Art of Death grew from her experience mourning the death of her mother, and it is an exceptional blend of critical and personal writing. If writers are told to “write what you know,” death is the one thing that is ultimately unknowable: we witness the moment right before, or right after, but the reality remains elusive, and writers unavoidably focus on life. In this astute and intimate work of criticism, Danticat assesses how writers as different as Toni Morrison, Taye Selasi, and C.S. Lewis have approached death, grief, and loss, and it culminates with her channeling the voice of her mother. It’s impossible to emerge unmoved from this profound and incisive book.
From Graywolf Press\u27s Art of series of books on the craft of writing
