14878 research outputs found
Sort by
Recognition of G-Quadruplexes by the FANCJ AKKQ Peptide
No full textG-quadruplexes (G4s) are stable structures formed by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding between four stretches of three or more consecutive guanines. If left accumulated, G4s can disrupt DNA replication, repair, and RNA transcription. Additionally, guanines are susceptible to damage from reactive oxygen species that cause guanine to thymine transversion mutations. FANCJ is a DNA helicase that participates in the repair of interstrand DNA crosslinks in human cells. FANCJ has been shown to support DNA replication through guanine rich sequences by unfolding G4 structures. Previous research has shown that FANCJ possesses an “AKKQ” amino acid motif that target G4s and is thought to target 8-oxoguanine modified G4 sequences (8oxoG4s). We hypothesize that the molecular recognition of FANCJ to 8oxoG4s is correlated to the DNA damage position, sequence composition, and stability of the substrate. To test this, we have measured the binding affinity of the FANCJ AKKQ peptide to G4 DNA that can adopt parallel, antiparallel, or hybrid spatial configurations, and we have systematically replaced the guanine bases with 8oxoGs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) was used to define the conformation of the G4 DNA, and CD data were collected as a function of solution conditions to determine the melting temperature. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to measure the binding affinities of FANCJ AKKQ to the library of G4 DNA. These experimental outcomes will provide a detailed view of how 8oxoGs affect the physical properties of G4s and their molecular recognition by FANCJ
Biological tube formation in Drosophila tracheal system with loss of function mutant by CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing
No full textThe Drosophila melanogaster trachea is the premier genetic system used to study the fundamental mechanism of the mammalian lung and blood vessel formation process. Seven members of the Osiris (Osi) gene family are highly expressed in the trachea system of Drosophila. Protein localization of Osi proteins suggests its potential role in the lumen formation in the Drosophila trachea. Tracheal Osi genes are predicted to function redundantly. To reveal the mechanism of Osiris genes in the Drosophila trachea, we will generate a triple knockout mutant by removing the function of 3 out of the 7-trachea expressing Osi genes. Specifically, we will generate an Osi9 (CG15592) loss of function mutant in a previously generated double knockout background of Osi15+19. To do this, we will use clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐associated (Cas) 9 protein system: an efficient and important genome‐editing tool. This technology has been wildly used in cells, insects, and mammals to study the function of novel genes by generating loss of function mutants. The generation of these triple loss of function mutants and phenotypic analysis of these mutants will reveal a novel mechanism of tubular organ formation
The Oakland Post 2022-04-06
No full textBatting the Ball Around: Golden Grizzlies run up the score in home game against SVSU ; State of Academic Affairs Address highlights university priorities ; President Pescovitz, Provost Rios-Ellis talk about the future of OU ; Harassing communications, threats of extortion on campus in March ; 2022 State of Academic Affairs details university priorities, updates ; PRSSA and AMA to host Mocktail Networking Night ; Former U.S. Ambassadors visit OU, discuss Abraham Accords ; OU Center for Autism to host Maureen Ziegler for Autism Acceptance Month ; Learning about the experiences of the OU AAPI women faculty and staff ; LAS plaque reveal ceremony centers Indigenous community ; Interview with President Pescovitz after State of Academic Affairs Address ; Career Services hosts Sweet Monday for post-grad success ; Residents can enjoy a day of fun with Grizzlies in the Galaxy ; Three individuals in custody after campus armed robbery attempt ; Police Files: harassing communications and extortion ; Gay Straight Alliance presents Healthy Relationships 101 ; Industry Insider: OU Marketing Chair offers field insight ; Retro Roller Rink:
a unique event to end the school year ; Andy Isaac talks Detroit sports and media journey ; Go gold with Gold Vibrations A Cappella ; Alex Jones fined for failing to show up at court ; The challenges of virtual piano lessons during the pandemic ; Entrepreneurs In Action brings like-minded students together ; Making students’ health smarter: GHC’s patient portal ; Held back by a terrible execution, I expected more from Umma ; SMTD’s ‘Pippin’ amazes as last performance of school year ; My favorite books with autistic characters ; Anticipated summer 2022 movie and TV releases ; How to feel about the abilities in ‘Kirby and the Forgotten Land’ ; These are who were best and worst dressed at the 2022 oscars ; ‘A Weekend Away:’ girls trip gone wrong ; The Detroit Lions’ future is brighter than you think ; Anthony Simonson wins 2022 USBC Masters ; Mladentseva lone bright spot in tennis loss to Notre Dame ; Tennis drops to 0-2 in Horizon League play after loss to Youngstown State ; Softball sweeps weekend series against Purdue-Fort Wayne ; Tennis 0-2 in Horizon League after loss to Youngstown State ; Baseball goes to Ann Arbor and cruises past Michigan ; Baseball routs SVSU behind monster days at the plat
Minutes of the Meeting of the University Senate, March 17, 2022
No full textA. INFORMATIONAL ITEMS: New Graduate Studies Certificate in Health Equity; New Graduate Certificate in Global and Population Health Service; New Graduate Certificate in Epidemiological Research; Theatre Design and Technology; Combined Mathematics, B.S. to M.A. (4+1); Test Optional Admission; HLC Accreditation; ADA Compliance for University Senate; Ad Hoc Committee for Mental Health; Provost’s Updates | B. ROLL CALL | C. APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES of January 20, 2022 | D. OLD BUSINESS: Change to the Academic Conduct Committee charge and membership (approved) | E. NEW BUSINESS: Change to the General Education Committee charge and membership | F. GOOD AND WELFAR
Minutes of the Formal Session of the Oakland University Board of Trustees, April 14, 2022
No full textA. Pledge of Allegiance | B. Call to Order | C. Roll Call | D. President's Report | E. Consent Agenda for Consideration/Action: Treasurer's Report; Minutes of the Board of Trustees Formal Session of February 7, 2022; University Personnel Actions; Acceptance of Gifts and Pledges to Oakland University for the Period of January 25, 2022 through March 31, 2022; Acceptance of Grants and Contracts to Oakland University for the Period of January 1 – February 28, 2022; Final Undergraduate School and Graduate School Reports, Fall 2021 - December 14, 2021; Reappointment of an Independent Public Accounting Firm; Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards, Year Ended June 30, 2021; Acceptance of Meadow Brook Subdivision Guarantee Report | F. New Items for Consideration/Action: Commendation of Alfred G. and Matilda R. Wilson Awards and Human Relations Award; Bachelor of Science - Interdisciplinary Healthcare Studies; Approval for Purchase of 1500 University Drive, Auburn Hills | Other Items for Consideration/Action that May Come Before the Board | H. Adjournmen
Improvement of Image Reconstruction Techniques for μMRI
No full textIn microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (μMRI), time-domain signal is sampled on a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer, then transformed into the frequency domain as the image. The conventional technique of data sampling traverses on a uniform Cartesian grid, which can be reconstructed into images by the application of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). In specific cases, the data sampling uses a radial grid, which needs to be interpolated onto the standard Cartesian grid before transformation. Existing methods are competitive but could be improved. This paper explores alternative image reconstruction algorithms for the radially sampled time-domain data to minimize the image artifacts due to the reconstruction of the Cartesian grid
Effects of temperature acclimation and diet on energetics and behavior of the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
No full textMany organisms exhibit physiological responses to monthly or seasonal temperature shifts, but mechanisms driving these “thermal acclimation” effects remain unclear. Prior work on Mexican axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) revealed that warm-temperature exposure led to reduced metabolic performance at a new test temperature. We postulated that this pattern was driven by a thermal mismatch between metabolic energy expenditures and energy assimilation (i.e., digestion), resulting in energetic stress at warm temperatures. The metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) predicts higher metabolic rates at warmer temperatures, whereas the dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory predicts that animals with a reduced energy reserve should have reduced metabolic performance. Linking these frameworks together might explain the observed thermal acclimation effects seen in axolotl metabolism. To test the proposed linkages between temperature, metabolism, energetics, and physiological stress, I exposed axolotls to two acclimation temperatures (7°C and 25°C) and three levels of food availability. I then measured their effects on metabolic rates, behavior, and blood lipids. I used linear regression models to test for main and interactive effects of acclimation temperature, performance temperature, and food availability on axolotl metabolic rate, activity levels, and blood lipids. Results generally showed support for the prediction of higher metabolic rates with warmer temperatures and higher levels of reserve energy, with the exception of warm-acclimated fasted animals that exhibited higher than expected metabolic rates at the cooler performance temperature. This result was driven by increased activity levels in this treatment combination, possibly due to increased foraging behavior in animals with the lowest levels of reserve energy. These results support the hypothesis that axolotl thermal responses are driven by thermal mismatches between energy assimilation and expenditure, as predicted by MTE and DEB
Examining Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol Compliance
No full textBackground: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs began in health institutions to improve patient outcomes and decrease hospital length of stay. ERAS protocols have shown to decrease hospital associated costs as well as reducing opioid consumption.
Purpose: This project aimed to determine how overall compliance to ERAS protocol, as well as how compliance to individual components of the ERAS protocol, affected hospital length of stay (LOS). In addition, the relationship between compliance and opioid consumption was assessed.
Methods: This quality improvement project consisted of a retrospective chart review of 100 patients undergoing colorectal surgery, boarded as ERAS.
Results: Key results found that as compliance to ERAS protocol increased, hospital LOS decreased. Additionally, statistically significant difference was noted in LOS between the levels of Foley catheter discontinuation (p < .001) as well as mobilization by postoperative day (POD) 1 (p = .014).
Conclusion: When opioid consumption was investigated, it was shown that as opioid consumption increased, hospital LOS increased. This project helped demonstrate that ERAS protocol compliance as well as limiting opioid consumption in the perioperative period leads to a decrease in hospital LOS