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Jacqueline Jackie Charlot and Loretta Cookie Dennis
No full textAbstract prepared by Jordin Arnead-Wilson
In this interview, the Bronx-based lesbian couple Loretta “Cookie” Dennis and Jacqueline “Jackie” Charlot recount their journey through decades of queerness and love. Charcot was born in St. Petersburg, FL, and moved to New York City as a teen in 1963. Dennis grew up in Pennsylvannia. The two speak candidly, sharing tales of their early queer experiences, the rocky terrain of their familial relationships, the sweet origins of their partnership, and their current involvement in the SAGE community center. From their adolescent ‘playboy’ antics to present confusion surrounding contemporary queer terminology and culture, the couple share insightful and valuable perspectives on queer nightlife, culture, and lesbianism in the 20th century. Amidst all the laughter and nostalgia, this interview with Cookie and Jackie exemplifies a legacy of resilience, love, and community
Asian American University Students’ Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Study
No full textThe COVID-19 outbreak caused global disruptions in all aspects of life. Social distancing regulations were enforced in an attempt to halt virus spread. University students faced unprecedented challenges and stressors, especially Asian American students due to COVID-19-associated xenophobic attitudes, harassment, and assault against people of Asian complexions. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to examine the experiences, coping, stress, and adjustment of Asian American students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary analyses were conducted on the survey responses of 207 participants (n = 103 Asian American university students, n = 104 non-Asian American students) from a larger-scale study focused on adaptation to the university, perceived stress, ways of coping, and COVID-19 specific factors. A series of independent samples t-tests and regression analyses showed significant relationships between some university adjustment factors, ways of coping methods, and race with perceived stress and COVID-19 factors. Four case studies were also presented to explore the ways in which Asian American university students’ experiences during the pandemic changed their view of their identity as Asian Americans. Secondary analyses of two waves of interviews and analysis of a newly conducted third wave yielded 12 themes across four categories capturing the essence of the Asian American university student’s experiences and redefining their identity during the pandemic: Experiences and Events During the Pandemic, Categorization of Asians in America, Confronting Asian Discrimination, and Renewed Sense of Identity. Implications, limitations, and ideas for future directions in research are discussed
The Glass Menagerie of Refugee Resettlement: Securitization post 9/11 and Refugee Resettlement Regimes in Germany and Canada
No full textThis research aims to demonstrate how 9/11 in the United States impacted the international securitization of borders movement and served as a push factor for an influx of displaced people from the regions affected by the War on Terror and its expansion. Through the case studies of Canada and Germany, this paper addresses how the two developed countries handled the growing demand for resettlement programs to accommodate and integrate displaced people, such as refugees and asylum seekers after 9/11, into their social and economic spheres through resettlement programs. This paper analyzes the successes and shortcomings of these two refugee resettlement regimes in accommodating the resettled refugees in their country. This research reveals that the current approach taken by more developed nations, specifically by Germany and Canada, are praiseworthy due to their open and swift resolutions of taking on migrants from the regions of the world that often pose a threat to many western nations due to preconceived notions and stereotypes. The two countries, effectively understand their responsibility as members of the international community and hence adequately address the needs for growing changes in their immigration policies despite the domestic political upheaval any immigration legislation might cause in the future. The shortcomings of the two case studies I review are imbedded in the alarming deficiency in the refugee resettlement regimes that serve as a model for the rest of the world on handling and resettlement of millions of forced migrants that are displaced due to the indirect but clear causational relationship of 9/11 wars, especially War on Terror. Under these regimes, it is clear that main points of deficiencies arise from inadequate accommodations of resettled migrants in not just socio-political integration but also in economic integration, which restrains their ability towards upward social mobility in the states that they have emigrated into. As a way forward, and a potential solution to the shortcomings that I have found through my research, I recommend that an international organization such as the UN be actively involved in providing a blueprint on refugee resettlement programs that member states adopt or have in place both on a domestic and international level. Through integrating bodies like the UN, there could be room for creation of recommendations, best practices, model legislations, training, research, and guidelines on how to better accommodate refugees into host states and promote sustainable development and upward mobility for those getting resettled as well as the host states themselves. These recommendations must be taken into consideration when thinking about potential solutions to the problems the international community has in hand
Cultural Erasure for Nationality Stability: Constructions of Uyghur and Hui Self-Identity
No full textThe Chinese Communist Party enforces state stability through replacing ethnic heritage with nationalist loyalty, a unique form of cultural erasure that equates national unity with the assimilation of ethnic minorities into the Han majority. This government policy is exemplified by the variance in governmental policy concerning the Uyghurs of Xinjiang, and the Hui-minzu throughout China. Both groups share an Islamic faith and history, yet the Uyghurs incur cultural restriction and surveillance while the Hui do not. Such creates a paradox of inclusion, where the Chinese Communist Party grants the Hui larger freedoms in religious and cultural expression, while simultaneously encroaching on the linguistic preservation and heritage of the Uyghurs. The difference in governmental policy was analyzed through measures of self-identity, level of enculturation, language use, and their consequent effect on cultural restriction and socioeconomic standing. Analysis suggests that increased cultural assimilation into Han-Chinese society caused a decrease in cultural and religious restriction, indicating that the variance in political policy depended on how strongly these ethnic-minorities related to their Chinese identity. In this context, loyalty to an identity outside of Chinese nationality incurred government suspicion and cultural encroachment
The Connection Between Colorism and White Supremacy: Colorism as a Tool of White Supremacy in the Contemporary Age in the United States and Puerto Rico
No full textAs the world moves into a perceived post-racial era, it is important to acknowledge and understand the existing presence and strength of white supremacy. While outright expressions of racism become less acceptable, people of color continue to face discrimination in multiple facets of their lives. One way to preserve and strengthen white supremacy in the modern age is through color-based discrimination or colorism. Across the globe, people of a lighter complexion, or those in closer proximity to whiteness, experience privileges and better treatment than those of a darker complexion. My thesis aims to argue that colorism in the modern age is a tool of white supremacy by looking at colorism in the United States and Puerto Rico. These case studies function to show how colorism has been used as a tool of white supremacy in the modern age. By looking at these two countries, I aim to analyze the detrimental nature of colorism and white supremacy in societies with different racial classification systems and views on race to show that it is a global phenomenon. Within the case studies, I looked at the colonial influence, history, demographics, racial classification systems, legislation, and presence of white supremacy in each respective country across their histories and into the present day. I found that regardless of the perceived importance of race, colorism has had a significant impact on the way that people of color see themselves and others. It causes tension and division within racial groups and helps white supremacy thrive on a subtle, largely unchallenged level
Decolonization & the Politics of Climate Change: The Cases of Brazil, Pakistan, and Indonesia
No full textIn recent years, climate change has gone from a distant threat to an imminent reality. Many countries around the world are being impacted by climate change in different ways. However, decolonized countries are having more difficulty adjusting to and addressing climate change related problems, and these are being compounded by their sociopolitical and economic problems. In Brazil, the deforestation of the Amazon for the sake of agro-extractive capitalism has both accelerated climate change and expelled the Amazonian indigenous inhabitants. In Pakistan, conflict with India has made cooperation with water-sharing agreements in an already water-scarce environment even less likely. In Jakarta, Indonesia, infrastructure created during the colonial era has accelerated land subsidence, and, in combination with rising sea levels, has begun to inundate the entire city. While individual action is important, the most potent actions that can be taken to mitigate climate change are those by governments and corporations
Vision & Change: A Regional Study of Student Activism in the American Midwest 1960-1964
No full textThis paper analyzes the rise of the student movement in the early years of the American New Left from 1960-1964. More specifically, this paper serves as an analysis of student activism in defense of civil liberties prior to the Free Speech Movement in 1964, on three midwestern campuses: The University of Michigan (Ann Arbor), the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champagne) and the University of Wisconsin (Madison). I demonstrate that student activists applied the “direct action” of their participation in protests in the Civil Rights Movement and against American militarism in the early 1960s to their burgeoning campus rebellion, through the organization of protests, rallies, and marches, as well as advancing their political causes through various student literature and campus newspapers. These youth driven political movements sought to radically change a society they saw as undemocratic and discriminatory, while also utilizing their political outreach beyond their campus borders in reforming their communities. A study of student activism for civil liberties between 1960-1964 will provide insight into the early formative era of student rebellion and bridge the gap of student activism between the McCarthy period of the 1950s and the radical protest of the late 1960s
Working Memory Load and Automaticity in Relation to STEM Undergraduates’ Mental Multiplication Performance
No full textSTEM undergraduate programs in the United States face low retention rates and declining graduate school enrollment. Math performance is linked to these outcomes. Extant elementary student research reports the effects of working memory load (WML) and automaticity on mental multiplication performance, a skill central to STEM math. Thus, instructional designs that manage automaticity and WML have the potential to improve STEM math performance. This study examined the effects of high and low automaticity and WML on STEM undergraduates’ performance (accuracy and response time) on mental multiplication tasks by conducting two 2 (automaticity) × 2 (WML) repeated measures ANOVAs. To explore differences in impact on high and low achieving learners, two 2 (automaticity) × 2 (WML) × 2 (achievement) repeated measures ANOVAs were also conducted. Automaticity and WML difficulty were alternated across four conditions by adjusting structural characteristics of tasks. Participants included 68 undergraduate engineering students. Regardless of level of WML, students under high automaticity conditions performed faster and more accurately. Regardless of level of automaticity, students under low WML conditions performed faster and more accurately. While the effects of automaticity and WML on both accuracy and response time were significant, their effects were larger on response time. Group differences based on achievement were not significant. The simple effect of WML was larger under conditions with low automaticity compared to conditions with high automaticity for response time but not accuracy. Alternating difficulty levels on two dimensions of automaticity and WML did not lead to poorer performance by the lower achieving group
Cultural Capital and Academic Advising for International Students
No full textInternational student enrollment at American higher education institutions has grown mostly unabated since tracking began in 1948, but has not been met with a corresponding investment in programming to assist students during their transition or their enrollment stateside. In the interest of providing better support to international students, this study attempted to understand which advising styles and strategies related with the greatest satisfaction in international undergraduate students. Informed by academic advising methodology and cultural capital theory, this mixed-methods study found a statistically significant correlation between developmental advising and cultural capital-informed strategies and between cultural capital and advising satisfaction. These analyses suggest that developmental advising informed by cultural capital may be a preferred method for advising diverse populations. Students reacted positively when their advisors were knowledgeable of the curriculum and attenuated their advising to the students’ individual needs, especially regarding extracurricular opportunities. The author recommends that advising departments base their protocol around developmental advising principles with cultural capital as a useful lens for addressing inequalities international students face in higher education, and that rigorous evaluation of these offerings is necessary. The study hopes to inform future research by providing a base from which to incorporate broader assessment theories of advising and to further develop analysis of cultural capital as it pertains to academic advising
Perceptions of Principals’ Leadership Style Influencing Teachers’ Job Satisfaction: Catholic High Schools in Ghana
No full textThe purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the perceptions of principals’ leadership styles and how they influenced teachers’ job satisfaction in five Catholic high schools in the Bono and Bono East Regions of Ghana. The researcher employed a basic interpretive methodology to research these subjective domains. One-on-one interviews were conducted among 15 participants representing five principals and ten teachers in five Catholic high schools in the Bono and Bono East Regions of Ghana. The results of the study revealed multiple examples of factors that influenced job satisfaction for teachers, such as access to resources and leadership’s ability to manage crises. The study also identified that principals’ positive working relationships with their teachers enhanced teachers’ job performance. The study found that the elements needed in the school principals’ leadership practice included democratic nature, authority, adaptability, and decision-making ability. The research further revealed that principals in Catholic high schools in Ghana influenced teachers’ job performance and brought about job satisfaction among teachers. Some principals who participated in the study affirmed that their conviction about teaching and learning influenced how teachers performed their work and the satisfaction they derived from performing their job. Overall, participants in this study reported positive relationships that were cordial and professional