Digital Commons @ UM Law

University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and 
Class 
Volume 23 Issue 1 Article 1 
Table of Contents 
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/rrgc 
Recommended Citation 
Table of Contents, 23 U. Md. L.J. Race Relig. Gender & Class (2023). 
Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/rrgc/vol23/iss1/1 
This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at DigitalCommons@UM 
Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and 
Class by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact 
smccarty@law.umaryland.edu. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND 
LAW JOURNAL OF 
RACE, RELIGION, GENDER & CLASS 
 
VOLUME 23    SPRING 2023    NUMBER 1 
 
ARTICLES 
 
Defunding C.O.P.S.: Conditioning Federal Funding to State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies 
Upon the Implementation of a Program that Screens its Current and Future Officers for White 
Supremacist Affiliations 
        Jerron R. Wheeler        1 
 
 
                    Originalism v. Dynamic Constitutionalism: 
                            Implications of Religious Beliefs on Constitutional Interpretation  
                                           Rev. TJ Denley                               21                
              
 
 
 
 
      COMMENTS 
 
                                                           Remnants of Caste: 
                         Black Farmers, White Farmers, Congress, and the USDA  
                                                           Kathryn Fitzgerald                                                                81 
 
Rethinking Gun Violence Prevention: 
      Post-Bruen Policing and the Decriminalization of Minority Gun Ownership  
                                                           William Jacobs-Perez    104 
           
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2022-2023 EDITORS AND STAFF 
 
Editor in Chief 
FASIKA DELESSA 
 
Managing Editor 
BRENDA GARCIA 
 
Executive Symposium Editors 
CAMILA BLAHA 
MORGAN TAYLOR 
 
Senior Articles Editor 
THUY LANGRILL-MILES 
Executive Articles Editor 
LAILA MOGHARABI 
 
Notes and Comments Editors 
BRIANNA DRAYTON 
TUCKER MACK 
 
Manuscripts Editor 
BENJAMIN LINK 
 
 
Articles Editors 
HEIDI KURNIAWAN 
ISABEL RESTALL 
WESLEY SCHROCK 
 
Associate Editors 
SERGIO BALLON 
VIOLETA CURIEL 
NORMAN GREENWELL 
GAVIN GROSSMAN 
TAYLER LITTLEJOHN 
 
 
Staff Editors 
MOLLY COOK 
KATHERINE COYLE 
LESLIE CURRIE 
ASHLYN EDDY 
SARAH FETCHO 
KATHRYN FITZGERALD 
KATHLEEN GAGNON 
AMY GERSTEN 
WILLIAM JACOBS-PEREZ 
OLIVIA JOHNSON 
ELEANOR MESCHINO 
SARAH MILLER 
RAFAEL MORENO 
JILLIAN OROSS 
ELIZABETH PIPER 
CAITLYN SARUDY 
REBECCA WALKER-KEEGAN 
MELISSA WALL 
 
Faculty Advisors 
PROFESSOR RICHARD BOLDT 
PROFESSOR MICHAEL PINARD 
 
Journal Librarian 
TANYA THOMAS 
 
THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND LAW JOURNAL OF RACE, RELIGION, GENDER & CLASS IS A 
PUBLICATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND FRANCIS KING CAREY SCHOOL OF LAW 
ISSN 1554-4796 
 
About the Journal: The University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender, and Class provides a forum 
for academics, judges, and practitioners to engage in a scholarly discussion of legal issues pertaining to race, 
religion, gender, and class. The Journal is not committed to a particular political ideology, but rather is 
dedicated to fostering intellectual discourse on issues at the intersection of public policy and the law, as well 
as analyzing the effects of law, policy, and judicial decisions on different religious, racial, ethnic, economic, 
and social groups. Each year, the Journal publishes two issues and hosts academic symposia dedicated to 
fostering dialogue and debate on these topics. 
 
Submissions: The Journal welcomes the submission of unsolicited manuscripts. At this time, we only publish 
student pieces written by our own staff members. We encourage authors to submit their work electronically 
via the Scholastica online submission service or via email to rrgc@law.umaryland.edu. Manuscript citations 
should appear in footnotes and should conform to the 21st edition of THE BLUEBOOK: A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF 
CITATION. 
 
Subscriptions: A subscription to the Journal is $30 per year. Checks may be made payable to the University 
of Maryland and mailed to the Managing Editor at the address below. To pay by credit card, please visit our 
website. 
 
Back issues of the Journal may be obtained from William S. Hein & Co., Inc., 2350 N Forest Rd, Getzville, NY 
14068 (1-800-828-7571). Issues of the Journal may also be accessed on HeinOnline, LexisNexis, and Westlaw. 
 
Mailing address: 
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender, and Class 
University of Maryland School of Law 
500 West Baltimore Street, Room 369 
Baltimore, MD 21201 
 
Email address:  
jrrgc@law.umaryland.edu 
 
Website: 
http://www.digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/rrgc 
 
The views expressed herein by the authors are not necessarily those of the Journal of the University of 
Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law. Except as otherwise provided, the author of each article in this 
issue has granted permission for copies of that article to be reproduced and distributed, in whole or in part, 
by nonprofit institutions for educational purposes, including distribution to students, provided that (1) the 
copies are distributed at or below cost; (2) copies identify the author; the University of Maryland Law Journal of 
Race, Religion, Gender, and Class; the volume; the number of the first page; and the year of the work's 
publication; and (3) proper notice of copyright is affixed to each copy. For articles in which it holds the 
copyright, the University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law grants permission for copies to be 
made for classroom use or for any other educational purpose under the same conditions. 
 


English

Jennings, Andrew K.

Disclosure Procedure

Fitzgerald, Samantha

Considering Vulnerability of Abuse as a Facet of Identity: A Call for Reform in Child Custody Proceedings

Hildebrand, Jason R.

If a Social Media Platform Was an Intersection, Should Contract Law or Free Speech Have the Right-of-Way With Respect To User Content?

Shardelow, Cole

Gamble-to-Win: Regulating Video Game Loot Boxes Under the FTC’s Unfair and Deceptive Practices Doctrines

Andersen, Paul

Will the FTX Collapse Finally Force U.S. Policymakers to Wake Up?: Regulatory Solutions for Cryptocurrency Tokens Not Classified As Securities Under the Supreme Court’s \u3cem\u3eHowey\u3c/em\u3e Analysis

Journal of Business & Technology Law 
Volume 19 Issue 1 Article 1 
Table of Contents 
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/jbtl 
Recommended Citation 
Table of Contents, 19 J. Bus. & Tech. L. (2023) 
Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/jbtl/vol19/iss1/1 
This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at DigitalCommons@UM 
Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Business & Technology Law by an authorized editor of 
DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact smccarty@law.umaryland.edu. 
Vol. 19, No. 1 2023 
UN IV E R SIT Y  O F  MA R Y L A N D  FR A N C IS  K IN G  CA R E Y  SC H O O L  O F  LA W  
ES T A B L IS H E D  1816 
 
Journal of Business & 
Technology Law 
 
 
Articles 
A Proposal for a Semiconductor Export Control Treaty 
André Brunel ......................................................................... 1 
 
Staking Your Crypto: What are the Stakes? 
Matthias Lehmann, Amy Held, Felix Krysa, Emeric 
Prévost, Fabian Schinerl and Robert Vogelauer ................ 53 
Recognizing Right: The Status of Artificial Intelligence 
Tanner W. Mathison ......................................................... 105 
Notes & Comments 
False Start: Federal Legislation is Needed to Prevent Name, 
Image, and Likeness Collectives from Improperly Receiving 
501(c)(3) Tax-Exempt Status 
Andres Castillo .................................................................. 173 
 
High Time for Change: How Federal Cannabis Prohibition Dooms 
the Legal Cannabis Industry  
Abraham Kruger ............................................................... 203 
 
Hit Em’ Where it Hurts: Private Suit as a Necessary Check on 
State-Sponsored Cyberattacks 
Katie Mandarano .............................................................. 233 
 
 
 
 
 


Maryland Journal of International Law 
Volume 38 Issue 1 Article 1 
Table of Contents 
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mjil 
Recommended Citation 
Table of Contents, 38 Md. J. Int'l L. (2024). 
Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mjil/vol38/iss1/1 
This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at DigitalCommons@UM 
Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maryland Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of 
DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact smccarty@law.umaryland.edu. 
 
 
 
MARYLAND JOURNAL OF 
INTERNATIONAL LAW 
  
Volume 38                                                                         2023  
A NOTE FROM THE EDITOR 
Kate Leisner 
 
Aggressive War 
Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine and the Interaction of Instrumentalized Law, 
Rhetoric, and Strategy                    
                                         Christopher J. Borgen                                      1 
Accountability for Aggression: Atrocity, Attributability, the Legal Order, 
and Sanitized Violence                    
                                            Tom Dannenbaum                                       16 
Political Will to Amend the International Criminal Court’s Aggression 
Regime After Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine                     
                                              Yvonne Dutton                                           41 
Aggression in Law’s Clothing: Does Might Still Make Right? 
                                       Rachel López                                                          57 
The Crime of Aggression: A Response to the Maryland Journal of 
International Law’s Symposium Keynote Address 
                                     Frederick Michael Lorenz                                     69 
Individual Criminal Responsibility for the Crime of Aggression: Why and 
How? 
                                             Susana SáCouto                                                85 
A Brief Exploration of the Need for a Special International Criminal 
Tribunal on the Crime of Aggression 
                                             Jennifer Trahan                                                   95 
 
 
Notes and Comments 
Constitutional Crisis in Ukraine: The Fallout from the Constitutional 
Court and Attempts at Judicial Reform During War 
                                      Jackelyn Gitlin                                        105 
 
Oligarchs, Superyachts, and Due Process: How Congress Walked a Legal 
Tightrope on Russian Asset Forfeiture 
                                                William O’Malley                                            135 
 
Rights of Nature and Tribal Sovereignty: Protecting Natural 
Communities, Wild Rice, and Salmon in the United States                        
                                                Julianna Smith                                       162 
 


Miller, Darrell A.H.

A Meditation on the Thirteenth Amendment and Constitutional Redemption

Alder, Caroline R.

“Flawed from the Inception”: 167 Years of Maltreatment at the Charles H. Hickey Jr. School

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Not a member yet

Table of Contents

Disclosure Procedure

Considering Vulnerability of Abuse as a Facet of Identity: A Call for Reform in Child Custody Proceedings

If a Social Media Platform Was an Intersection, Should Contract Law or Free Speech Have the Right-of-Way With Respect To User Content?

Gamble-to-Win: Regulating Video Game Loot Boxes Under the FTC’s Unfair and Deceptive Practices Doctrines

Will the FTX Collapse Finally Force U.S. Policymakers to Wake Up?: Regulatory Solutions for Cryptocurrency Tokens Not Classified As Securities Under the Supreme Court’s \u3cem\u3eHowey\u3c/em\u3e Analysis

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

A Meditation on the Thirteenth Amendment and Constitutional Redemption

“Flawed from the Inception”: 167 Years of Maltreatment at the Charles H. Hickey Jr. School

8,311

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