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The Evidence for Discontinuing Degree Requirements as a Hiring Standard
Get PDFPolicing has grown from a vocation that requires very little education or training to a complex profession that requires the police officer to field many different skill sets. The modern-day police officer must enter into situations that necessitate they know law and policy, deploy social skills like conflict resolution techniques, or use martial skills to resolve a violent event unfolding in seconds. Because it has become such an endeavor, the history of policing in the last century included the belief that police officers should be better prepared to carry out these functions. Calls for police agencies to incorporate education into the requirements for hiring have largely gone unnoticed. Many agency heads are hesitant to use high standards for fear that the candidate pool will be adversely affected. Certainly, agencies are faced with a smaller set of good candidates and compete with other agencies to find the best recruits. The question of whether a college-educated recruit makes a better police officer is still unanswered. While studies point to the potential benefits that a college education may instill in a recruit, the science is not consistent in these findings. This paper examines the issue of college as a hiring requirement and the potential impacts it might have on police agencies. After consideration of the evidence, it is not apparent that college meets the expectations that many assume would result from the college experience. Due to this, agencies should reconsider college credit as a hiring requirement. The belief that higher education would result in a better police candidate may not be supported by the evidence and agencies may be putting up unnecessary barriers to good candidates.LEMI
Incident Response Planning for Election Cybersecurity: Designing a Workshop for County Clerks
No full textThere is a growing need to address Federal and State election cybersecurity threats, especially at the county-level. In an effort to engage county clerks and their staff to mitigate cyber threats, we developed and delivered Incident Response Planning (IRP) workshops delivered across the State of Indiana. The purpose was to enable county clerks to begin building an IRP team to respond to and mitigate threats to election security and bolster voter confidence. In this paper is a description of the evolution of an IRP workshop, including the initial design decisions made, the outreach and access to participants, and the constraints encountered, as well as the modules, illustrative scenarios, and playbook templates provided to participants to help them develop IRPs according to their particular county context. This case study focused on the design, development, and deployment of the workshop. Participant feedback unearthed new considerations for a next iteration of the workshop. The conclusion includes a reflection on insights gleaned from the process, including a discussion about developing an asynchronous online workshop for adult learners
Patterns of Gregarine Parasitism in Damselflies
Get PDFDamselflies are close relatives of dragonflies, and both are part of the order
Odonata. Gregarines are a type of intestinal parasite found in invertebrates and are
prevalent in damselflies. In this study, data was collected to examine patterns of
prevalence and intensity and identify patterns of infection in damselflies. Three factors
were studied to determine their effects on gregarine infections. The factors were season,
sex, and pollution. This study examined gregarine infections in 242 individuals. The two
most common species Enallagma civile and Ischnura posita were represented in two
primary locations. These sites were the rural environment of Cook Pond, and the
suburban environment of Elkins Lake. Damselflies were dissected and examined for
gregarine infection from March 2022 through October 2022. The collection process was
complicated by a drought that occurred during the middle season, which likely affected
the results. Despite this, the collected data yielded several noteworthy results. The first
was that infection rates shifted across seasons, with intensity and prevalence varying
greatly at different points. Though these findings could have been influenced by the
drought, it would take a longitudinal study to conclude. The second noteworthy finding
was that females had a higher prevalence in Elkins, while males had a higher prevalence
in Cook Pond. The final noteworthy finding was that Cook Pond had a higher prevalence
and intensity, despite water data showing it to be less polluted of the two sites
Enhancing Crisis Resilience in Healthcare Supply Chains: A Strategic and Tactical Framework for Crisis Management Readiness Assessment
Get PDFThis research aims to equip Texas healthcare organizations with the necessary tools and insights to enhance the resilience of their supply chains. This includes understanding vulnerabilities, developing resilience strategies, establishing a Supplier Risk Assessment Scorecard, and finding the right balance between efficiency and resilience. We begin by categorizing medical supplies and equipment into four groups: operational supplies, clinical supplies, durable medical equipment and devices, and biologicals, pharmaceuticals, and nutritional supplies, highlighting their unique supply chain characteristics. Then, we provide a detailed examination of the inherent vulnerabilities within healthcare supply chains, including over-reliance on global suppliers, supply chain complexity and lack of transparency, just-in-time inventory management practices, and logistical challenges posed by the global scope of sourcing and distribution. Multiple strategies to enhance the resilience of healthcare supply chains are proposed, including the identification and prioritization of critical supplies, diversification of supply sources, collaboration among healthcare organizations, what-if scenario planning, and supply network mapping. These strategies aim to establish a supply chain that is both responsive and robust, capable of withstanding sudden demands and disruptions. A significant contribution of this paper is the introduction of a Supplier Risk Assessment Scorecard, which helps healthcare organizations evaluate and mitigate risks associated with their suppliers. This tool is crucial for maintaining supply chain integrity and reliability. Finally, the paper discusses the critical balance between resiliency and efficiency in supply chain management.Institute of Homeland SecurityBusiness Management, Marketing, & Informatio
Latino Osteopathic Medical Student Audio Series - Brianna Castro
No full textBridging Horizons: Audio Series on a medical career journey for undergraduate students There is an undisputable need to increase Hispanic diversity in medical education and healthcare. Discover the inspiring world of medicine through "Bridging Horizons," an audio series designed to empower and guide Hispanic undergraduate students on their path to medical school. Delve into the personal stories and triumphs of Hispanic medical students, giving insights into their cultural perspectives on how to start the journey to becoming a medical professional. This audio series highlights the cultural attributes of medical students and their successful stories from navigating fears and uncertainties to initiating their medical career path up to their school’s admission. "Bridging Horizons" is a platform that celebrates the resilience, achievements, and contributions of Hispanic individuals in the initial journey to becoming medical professionals. Join us in fostering a supportive community for Hispanic prospective med students, offering practical advice on engagement to break down barriers, bridge cultural gaps, and provide a roadmap for aspiring Hispanic medical professionals. Tune in for a roadmap to success, from undergraduate studies to medical school admission
MITIGATING THE IMPACT OF COVID-RELATED STRESS ON PARENTAL STRESS, MOOD, AND EMOTION REGULATION: IS THERE AN APP FOR THAT?
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of brief, app-based mindfulness and gratitude interventions in mitigating COVID-related stress among child-caregivers, who faced significant psychological distress and emotion dysregulation during the pandemic. The present study is a secondary data analysis of a 3-arm randomized control trial conducted in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic (August 2021-April 2022) in which caregivers of young (<10 years) children were instructed to use one of three apps 10 minutes/day for two weeks: Mindfulness Coach (MC), Gratitude (GR), or Day-One (food journaling active control; AC). At baseline (T1; n = 122), immediately post-intervention (T2; n = 105), and 1-month follow-up (T3; n = 90), participants completed the COVID-19 Stress Scale (CSS), Parental Stress Scale (PSS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Expressive Suppression (ES) and Cognitive Reappraisal (CR) subscales), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PA; NA). It was hypothesized that relative to the active control group, enrollment in the mindfulness app condition would attenuate the relation of baseline CSS with post-intervention PSS and emotion dysregulation (ES and CR), while enrollment in the gratitude app condition would attenuate the association of baseline CSS with post-intervention PA and NA. Results of ten simple moderation models (5 outcome variables at 2 timepoints), using linear regressions, revealed that condition did not moderate the association of baseline CSS with any outcomes. There was a main effect of CSS on T3 PSS (p = .021) and ES (p = .026). Additionally, there was a non-significant trend for a main effect of group on T2 ES (p = .052), such that GR participants reported lower ES than MC (Cohen’s d = .46) and AC participants (Cohen’s d = .40). In conclusion, COVID-stress may be associated with higher subsequent parenting stress and expressive suppression among child-caregivers. However, this study failed to provide strong evidence that participation in brief app-based mindfulness or gratitude interventions mitigates the association of CSS with parenting stress, emotion regulation, or affect. However, future research may be warranted to examine the effects of longer and/or more engaging mindfulness or gratitude interventions among child-caregivers
Evidence-Based Policing
Get PDFLaw enforcement agencies should implement evidence-based policing. In 1998, noted criminologist Lawrence Sherman challenged law enforcement to begin what he termed evidence-based policing. According to Sherman (1998), research and data analysis could change police practices, much like evidence-based medicine changes medical practices. Evidence-based policing is about being efficient and effective while using scientific research to do what is best (Cordner, 2020). Research in law enforcement is not a new phenomenon and it should be used to help agencies provide better police services. Law enforcement agencies need to build partnerships with academia to provide reliable and valid research. Additionally, law enforcement is encouraged to facilitate this relationship with the creation of crime analysis units (Santos & Santos, 2014). Police practitioners with a background in research are called pracademics and can help bridge the gap between academia and law enforcement to assist agencies in understanding the research better (Kadry, 2021). Evidence-based policing is not a policing strategy, but complements other policing strategies, such as COMPSTAT and problem-oriented policing, to implement them using reliable and valid research data analysis more efficiently and effectively (Cordner, 2020).LEMI
Data: Integrating Domains of Clinical Reasoning into Medical Students' First Weeks of Education Improves Understanding of Complex Neuroanatomy
No full textData in Excel for paper on integrating analytical reasoning modules into the teaching of neuroanatomy.A quarter of all medical errors are due to faulty clinical reasoning. Such reasoning involves analytical (deductive) and non-analytical (recall) processes. The non-analytical is taught extensively in medical school, and it dominates medical students' time as they review question banks and lecture notes, watch videos online, and memorize flashcards, algorithms, and illness scripts. However, the step-by-step deductive process of analytical reasoning is taught much less often. When it is, the diverse levels of innate reasoning ability among students often lead to significant learning disparity. To address this deficiency, a pilot module on cranial nerve anatomy was developed to enhance analytical reasoning skills. It was hypothesized that this module would not only introduce an essential medical skill but also improve overall student understanding of the subject and reduce learning disparities among students. A comparative study was conducted between this novel module and a control didactic module, employing pre- and post-testing measures. Results indicated a 26% improvement in average scores following the analytical module, whereas the control module showed no significant improvement. In addition, there was less disparity following the analytical module with 75% of students achieving improved results, compared to 41% following the control. Analytical reasoning was successfully introduced early in first-year medical students' education, facilitating the learning of complex neuroanatomy and reducing learning disparity between students. Future research should evaluate the long-term retention of these benefits, their impact on analytical reasoning skills during the clerkship years, and their effects on performance in level two and three licensing examinations
Latino Osteopathic Medical Student Audio Series – Lisa Deya
No full textBridging Horizons: Audio Series on a medical career journey for undergraduate students with Lisa Deya. There is an undisputable need to increase Hispanic diversity in medical education and healthcare. Discover the inspiring world of medicine through "Bridging Horizons," an audio series designed to empower and guide Hispanic undergraduate students on their path to medical school. Delve into the personal stories and triumphs of Hispanic medical students, giving insights into their cultural perspectives on how to start the journey to becoming a medical professional. This audio series highlights the cultural attributes of medical students and their successful stories from navigating fears and uncertainties to initiating their medical career path up to their school’s admission. "Bridging Horizons" is a platform that celebrates the resilience, achievements, and contributions of Hispanic individuals in the initial journey to becoming medical professionals. Join us in fostering a supportive community for Hispanic prospective med students, offering practical advice on engagement to break down barriers, bridge cultural gaps, and provide a roadmap for aspiring Hispanic medical professionals. Tune in for a roadmap to success, from undergraduate studies to medical school admission.SHSU College of osteopathic Medicin
Water and Wastewater Critical Infrastructure
Get PDFWater and wastewater utilities represent a pivotal element within the network of critical infrastructure sectors. Their interconnectivity with other sectors underscores the importance of security and protection measures. This paper delineates the regulatory and operational challenges water and wastewater utility operators face, highlighting the complex landscape of critical infrastructure security. It delves into the distinct concerns related to water and wastewater utilities and how these issues compound the difficulty of safeguarding such essential services. Amid growing threats to the United States critical infrastructure, especially domestic and foreign terrorism, this study underscores the imperative measures required to bolster the security and resilience of water and wastewater systems