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Community Policing
No full textCommunity policing is a philosophy that looks to achieve more effective and resourceful crime control, reduce the fear of crime, improve police and community relations, and provide services and programs that will enhance the quality of life in the community. Law enforcement agencies should promote community policing philosophies within their department. Promoting these philosophies and principles creates a stronger relationship between law enforcement and the community it protects. Community policing holds law enforcement to a higher standard of accountability, allows the public to be involved in the decision-making process, and puts a greater emphasis on civil rights and liberties. Community policing stresses public involvement to help law enforcement gain trust and cooperation within the community and its citizens. For community policing to successfully work, there must be full cooperation from both the community and law enforcement. There must be a balance of power between citizens and law enforcement.LEMI
Does Differential Food Availability Impact Speckled Cockroach (Nauphoeta cinerea) Immune Function?
No full textNauphoeta cinerea (speckled cockroach) is a hemimetabolous insect
characterized by incomplete metamorphosis and juvenile life stages (i.e., nymphs) which
closely resemble adults in terms of their lifestyle and diet. This is more consistent with
mammalian development and is unlike that used by holometabolous insects, such as
Dipterans (e.g., flies) which includes Drosophila melanogaster, one of the most utilized
insect models for biomedical research. Life history theory deals with an organism’s life
cycle and posits that individuals are forced to make physiological trade-offs among
individual traits (e.g., somatic growth vs. reproductive development) to maximize
reproductive fitness. In general, these trade-offs are the consequence of variation in
exogenous factors such as temperature or nutrient availability.
Here we examined the relationship between variation in life-long food
availability and immune function in speckled cockroaches using the degree of
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mortality, the induction of antimicrobial peptides
(AMPs), and individual immune cell count as indicators. While food availability had no
significant effect on either the degree of LPS-induced mortality or the induction of
AMPs, there was a significant effect of food availability on individual immune cell
counts. Taken together, these data suggest that differential food availability has limited
effect on immune function in this species
The Case for an Executive Communications Staff Member
No full textThis white paper examines the critical role of an executive communicator in law enforcement agencies, emphasizing the importance of professional communication expertise for agency heads. It discusses the limitations of relying on traditional, sworn public information officers (PIOs) who may lack comprehensive media training, suggesting instead a dedicated executive-level communicator to oversee both internal and external messaging. Drawing from organizational communication research, the paper highlights the positive effects of effective communication on public satisfaction and employee morale. A trained communicator can enhance community relations and internal alignment by serving as a strategic advisor, guiding message consistency, and helping the agency respond empathetically to various stakeholders. The paper concludes by recommending that law enforcement leaders should prioritize the integration of a specialized executive communicator to boost agency efficiency, trust, and reputation.LEMI
A Hiring Guide for Dual Role of IT and Cybersecurity Officers in Small to Medium Businesses
No full textSmall to medium-sized businesses (SMBs) face a growing need to manage their IT systems efficiently while defending against cyber threats. Unlike larger organizations with separate IT and cybersecurity teams, SMBs often need to combine these functions into a single dual role. This guide helps SMBs to hire the right person for this critical position, ensuring business stays secure and technology runs smoothly. The dual role of IT and cybersecurity officer requires someone who can handle daily IT operations while proactively securing the systems and data. The right hire can streamline operations, reduce risks, and strengthen small to medium size businesses. However, hiring the wrong candidate can lead to inefficiencies, vulnerabilities, and compliance issues. This guide shows how to avoid those pitfalls and recruit the talent business needs. In this work, we walk through each step of the hiring process—from defining the role and creating a job description to interviewing candidates and onboarding them effectively. We’ll reflect how to identify candidates with the right mix of technical skills, cybersecurity expertise, and adaptability to thrive in a fast-paced SMB environment. By following this guide, SMBs will gain the tools to attract top talent and set them up for success. SMBs will also understand how to balance IT management and cybersecurity within a single role while addressing challenges like workload and prioritization. Whether SMBs are hiring for this position for the first time or refining their approach, this guide gives clear, actionable advice to make the process smoother. Overall, a strong IT and cybersecurity officer helps SMBs stay ahead in today’s digital world. With this guide, SMBs can confidently hire someone who will protect the systems, optimize the technology, and support business growth
Uncovering the Moderation of Parental Socialization of Gratitude on the Relation between Parents' Difficulties in Emotion Regulation and Children's Emotion Regulation
Full text linkDifficulties with emotion regulation is a transdiagnostic predictor for
psychological disorders. Conversely, efficient emotion regulation skills have been linked to multiple positive outcomes, including increased school performance in children, higher verbal fluency, greater psychological well-being, higher levels of positive affect, and increases in life satisfaction (Gyurak et al., 2012; Kraiss et al., 2020; Quoidbach, et al., 2010). Children begin learning emotion regulation strategies in the environment they are raised in, with their parents shaping these capabilities through emotion socialization practices (Eisenberg et al., 1998b; Morris et al., 2007; Silk, 2007). Gratitude, including in
children, has been positively associated with increased mental well-being, positive affect, and greater life satisfaction (Obeldobel & Kerns, 2021). Therefore, the following research proposal aimed to explore how parents engaging in gratitude socialization practices may affect the relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion regulation and children’s emotion regulation. First, the study aimed to determine whether parent gratitude socialization practices moderated the relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion
regulation and child emotion regulation; second it was to be determined whether parents' gratitude socialization practices moderate the relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion regulation and children’s emotional lability/negativity. By utilizing the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form (DERS-SF), and the Parental Socialization of Gratitude Behaviors Scale (PGB), it was hypothesized that the relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion regulation and both child emotion regulation and child lability/negativity would differ as a function of
parent gratitude socialization practices. Specifically, the negative relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion regulation and children’s emotion regulation would be weaker when parents engaged in higher levels of gratitude socialization behaviors, compared to parents who engaged in low levels of gratitude socialization behaviors. Additionally, the positive relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion regulation and children’s emotional lability/negativity would be weaker when parents engage in higher levels of gratitude socialization behaviors, compared to parents who engaged in low levels of gratitude socialization behaviors. Contrary to predictions, gratitude socialization behaviors did not moderate the relationship between parents’ difficulties in emotion regulation and children’s emotion regulation. Of note, children’s gender was statistically significant with children’s lability/negativity, suggesting increased levels of lability/negativity in male children. These findings may highlight the importance of parents engaging in gratitude socialization practices, particularly in families with young children
A POST-PANDEMIC ANALYSIS OF CAREER AND TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION STUDENT PERFORMANCE: A STATEWIDE, MULTIYEAR EXAMINATION OF HISTORICALLY UNDERSERVED STUDENTS
Full text linkThe purpose of this journal-ready dissertation was to examine the CTE performance of Black students as compared to the CTE participation of students in other ethnic/racial groups; to compare the CTE participation of female students to male students; and to compare the participation of students in poverty to their more affluent counterparts with respect to completer and concentrator rates. The first purpose was to
determine CTE participation differences within the aforementioned student groups as measured by concentrator and completion rates. The second purpose was to determine the
different types of programs of study that each student group pursued. The third and final purpose was to examine the potential economic effects of their CTE program
participation based on industry demand. Three years of data from the Texas Education Agency through a public information request for Public Education Information Management System data were examined to determine the outcomes and trends for these student groups.
A non-experimental, causal-comparative research design was used to analyze archival data from the Texas Education Agency. This method enabled the examination of historical trends in CTE participation and completion without manipulating any variables. The data were assumed to be accurate based on the TEA's established audit processes.
Statistically significant disparities were revealed among Texas' four largest ethnic/racial groups. Although Black students' concentrator rates increased over the study period, their completer rates declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Sciences emerged as the program with the highest completion rates across all groups. Female students consistently outperformed male students in completion rates, particularly in
Health Sciences clusters such as Nursing, Healthcare Diagnostics, and Healthcare Therapeutics. In contrast, male students tended to enroll in Business, Manufacturing, and Engineering programs but exhibited lower completion rates. Additionally, students in
poverty had lower concentrator and completer rates than their more affluent counterparts. Their completion rates fell during the pandemic and had not rebounded by the study's
conclusion. Students in poverty had high completer rates in specific programs such as Healthcare Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Accounting and Financial Services and in the Health Sciences and Arts, Audio/Visual Technology, and Communications clusters
AN AUTO-ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPERIENCE USING THE UNHUMAN CLINICAL SIMULATION TO UNDERSTAND HUMAN EXPERIENCES
Full text linkThe autoethnography design and methods found that from this single unhuman clinical simulation, human experiences for the facilitator and learners can be gained. A focus on the facilitator’s experience during clinical simulation using simulation technology and mannequin for gained experiences was not clear within the literature. Background: The participant facilitator was the source of the data gathered from pages of observational field notes, memories, perspectives, insights, and reflexivity during the pre-brief session for 28 minutes and the single 17 minute 3 second clinical simulation event. Methods: Data analysis included a detailed search of observation notes and facilitator recoded interview response data through an interpretive multilevel coding process. A manual coding process of the raw data resulted with major cluster themes such as clinical judgement-critical thinking, communication, technology, real-life, and teamwork. Results: Interpretation of the data by a single source found that the unhuman clinical simulation can foster human experience that resemble real life. Using clinical simulation technologies and software to feel, observe, and perceive clinical nursing as nursing judgement and critical thinking, technology, real-life, and communication skills. Additionally, terms developed into cluster codes identified as limits to clinical readiness. Limits to clinical nursing was defined as a failure to perform or experience nursing clinical skills or a lack of critical thinking, communication and decision-making skills which may result from behaviors of decreased motivation or less enthusiasm for clinical nursing. Recommendation: The results from this experience can serve as a recommended
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process that human experiences can be gained through the unhuman experience of high-fidelity clinical simulation and that limited clinical experiences can lead to a lack of clinical readiness. Recommendation to academic and health systems share the responsibility to provide experiences for clinical readiness and that failure to provide clinical experiences can limit clinical readiness
The Relationship Between Rape Myth Acceptance, Hostility Towards Women, Psychopathy, and Aggression
Full text linkPrior research has linked psychopathic traits, hostility towards women (HTW),
and rape myth acceptance (RMA) to sexual violence. Most of the current literature has
examined aggression with categorical measures of psychopathy, and limited work has
investigated the triarchic model of psychopathy (meanness, disinhibition, boldness) in the
context of violence perpetration. Therefore, the proposed study aims to explore the
relation of multiple kinds of aggression (e.g., Intimate partner violence, physical
aggression, verbal aggression, and sadism) to HTW, RMA, and triarchic traits using the
Triarchic psychopathy measure (TriPM) in using a sample of 261 male college students.
Meanness was positively correlated with RMA and HTW. Similarly, disinhibition was
positively correlated with RMA, while boldness was unrelated to both RMA and HTW.
Boldness was unrelated to all aggression variables, while meanness, disinhibition, RMA,
and HTW were positively correlated to most aggression variables. Hierarchical
regressions found that RMA, HTW, and meanness were the stronger predictors for
different aggression variables. This study informs how tailoring interventions to include
personality traits and sociocultural factors could significantly enhance treatment
effectiveness to address different forms of violence
Evaluating Training and Competition Volume in Women's Collegiate Lacrosse
Full text linkCoaches, athletic trainers, and sport scientists use microtechnology consisting of global positioning systems and heart rate monitors as a means for monitoring and managing athlete workload. This journal model thesis has three main areas of focus concerning Division I collegiate women’s lacrosse: 1) analyzing differences between key players and bench players during training and games, 2) comparing game volume between playing two halves versus four quarters, and 3) investigating the unique load and movements of lacrosse goalies. Participants were from a collegiate varsity women’s lacrosse team. STUDY 1: Participants (n=27) were divided into two groups (key and bench) and weekly averages of total distance, high-intensity (HI) distance, number of HI sprints, number of accelerations and decelerations for each player were included in analysis. Results showed no main effect differences between groups (p = 0.130), but there were differences shown over time (p ≤ 0.001), and a group by time effect (p ≤ 0.001). For games, there were group and time (distance p = 0.000; HI distance p <.001; HI sprints p <.001; accelerations p <.001; decelerations p <.001) differences noted. These results indicate the need for supplemental conditioning of bench players on game days while promoting recovery for key players when weeks become congested with games to maintain team fitness levels. STUDY 2: Variables (distance, HI distance, HI sprints, HI sprint distance, accelerations, and decelerations) from two separate seasons (year [Y] 1 in halves, Y2 in quarters) were collected from participants (n=13). Paired samples t-tests were run to compare the external load between the two competitive formats. First halves
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in Y2 registered more distance, HID, accelerations, decelerations (all p < 0.001), sprints and sprint distance (p = 0.004). Y2 was greater in second halves for distance (p < 0.001), HID (p < 0.001), sprints (p = 0.003), accelerations (p = 0.003), decelerations (p = .001) and sprint distance (p = 0.002). The new competitive format required a greater anaerobic demand from players with more HI efforts, revealing that the format has an influence in the way the game is played. STUDY 3: Goalies (n=3) were monitored during training and games with traditional (distance, HI distance, HI sprints, accelerations, and decelerations) and non-traditional (Activity Load [AL] 2D/3D, AL2DR/3DR) external workload metrics. Large effect size differences were seen between training games for AL2D (3.23 [2.48,3.92]), AL3D (3.25 [2.49, 3.94]), distance (3.48 [2.70, 4.20]), and HI distance (1.16 [0.58, 1.71]). Strong relationships were observed for AL2D and AL3D with both distance and accelerations (all p <.001) during training. Games revealed a strong relationship for distance with AL2D and AL3D (both p <.001) and accelerations with AL3D (p = .007). Goals against showed a strong correlation with AL2D (p = .003) and AL3D (p = .002). These data provide evidence for the use of 2D/3D Load metrics to monitor lacrosse goalies. Coaches, sprots scientists, and practitioners can use the information in this thesis to advance the sport of women’s lacrosse through more effective training and athlete monitoring
Insurance for Retired Law Enforcement Officers
Full text linkThis paper looks at the benefits of providing health insurance coverage to retired law enforcement officers, focusing on health, finances, and retention. Law enforcement officers have careers with high levels of physical and mental stress that accumulate over the time of their careers. Too often, many officers delay their retirement due to financial and health insurance needs. Based on the profession, officers should have the ability to retire sooner than other professions. This paper looks at the insurance needs of retired officers, the financial impact of health insurance, and other benefits for the officers, their organization, the community, and their families. The paper uses information from various sources. Several findings suggest that providing health insurance improves the quality of life for retired officers, reduces financial stress, and can improve retention. All agencies should implement funding strategies to provide health insurance for retired police officers.LEMI